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Mura-free G8.5 220ppi inkjet printing technology for OLED and QLED display panels 用于 OLED 和 QLED 显示面板的无 Mura G8.5 220ppi 喷墨打印技术
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1289
Hidehiro Yoshida, Shuhei Nakatani, Takashi Inoue, Yukiya Usui, Futoshi Ohtsuka
{"title":"Mura-free G8.5 220ppi inkjet printing technology for OLED and QLED display panels","authors":"Hidehiro Yoshida,&nbsp;Shuhei Nakatani,&nbsp;Takashi Inoue,&nbsp;Yukiya Usui,&nbsp;Futoshi Ohtsuka","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1289","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper reported on the development of a Mura-free and high precise printing to realize high-resolution organic light-emitting diode and quantum dot light-emitting diode display panels with a G8.5 glass substrate. To realize Mura-free printing, we developed the single-path print line head and the new pixel volume adjustment system with a pixel volume variation of ±0.8%. And to realize high precise printing, we developed the G8.5 table system that compensated for the drop position by changing the jetting time of each nozzle. And verified a drop position accuracy of ±2.1 μm. By combining these technologies, we achieved Mura-free 220-ppi printing on the G8.5 table.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"255-266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141021036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-efficiency and ultracompact pancake optics for virtual reality 用于虚拟现实的高效超小型薄饼光学器件
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1298
Yuqiang Ding, Zhenyi Luo, Garimagai Borjigin, Shin-Tson Wu
{"title":"High-efficiency and ultracompact pancake optics for virtual reality","authors":"Yuqiang Ding,&nbsp;Zhenyi Luo,&nbsp;Garimagai Borjigin,&nbsp;Shin-Tson Wu","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1298","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1298","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pancake lens has been widely used in virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR) due to its compact form factor. However, using a half mirror (HM) to fold the optical path results in a tremendous optical loss. To enhance the optical efficiency while keeping a compact form factor, we present a new folded optical system incorporating a nonreciprocal polarization rotator. In our proof-of-concept experiment using a commercial Faraday rotator (FR), the theoretically predicted 100% efficiency is validated. Besides, the angular response of terbium gallium garnet (TGG) material is simulated for the first time and the results indicate that such an FR is relatively insensitive to the incident angle, which can dramatically enhance the contrast ratio of our pancake design. Finally, the potential application of such pancake optics for ultracompact near-infrared (NIR) night vision goggles is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"341-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141020766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contrast ratio enhancement method of a pancake virtual reality head-mounted display 薄饼虚拟现实头戴式显示器的对比度增强方法
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1285
Lei Xiao, Pengxia Liang, Qian Wu, Fang Cheng, Lin Li, Feiyan Zhou, Yanping Ding, Xiaochuan Chen
{"title":"Contrast ratio enhancement method of a pancake virtual reality head-mounted display","authors":"Lei Xiao,&nbsp;Pengxia Liang,&nbsp;Qian Wu,&nbsp;Fang Cheng,&nbsp;Lin Li,&nbsp;Feiyan Zhou,&nbsp;Yanping Ding,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Chen","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1285","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1285","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Folded optical path designs have been widely applied in Virtual Reality (Pancake VR) displays in recent years. Compared with the traditional straight-through and Fresnel optical path design, the Pancake design has obvious advantages in smaller size and clearer virtual image. However, the Pancake optical path uses polarization devices to fold the optical path and, light undergoes multiple refractions and reflections between lens groups, thus inevitably introducing stray light. This stray light greatly reduces the contrast ratio even if taking high-contrasting Mini-LED backlight LCD as panel, and seriously affects the user experience. In this paper, we first analyze the causes of stray light in the Pancake design and then propose an effective optical design method. In addition, an effective process scheme for improving image contrast is proposed by analyzing the impact of lens and tube reflectivity. Further, a prototype of the Pancake VR optical module is successfully implemented with low stray light and high contrast ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"216-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141023140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Developing sensitized green fluorescence for efficient, stable narrowband organic light emitting diodes 开发敏化绿色荧光，实现高效、稳定的窄带有机发光二极管
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1287
Paramasivam Palanisamy, Odugu Pavan Kumar, Hae Ung Kim, Jang Hyuk Kwon
{"title":"Developing sensitized green fluorescence for efficient, stable narrowband organic light emitting diodes","authors":"Paramasivam Palanisamy,&nbsp;Odugu Pavan Kumar,&nbsp;Hae Ung Kim,&nbsp;Jang Hyuk Kwon","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsid.1287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) or phosphorescence-sensitized organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on multi-resonance TADF (MR-TADF) emitters are greatly studied to develop an effective narrowband emitting system for wide color gamut display applications. However, developing pure green OLEDs to meet BT2020 and NTSC requirements is challenging. In this study, we investigated the TADF and phosphorescence-sensitized OLEDs based on two green MR-TADF final emitters, namely, <b>BpIC-DPA</b> and <b>BpIC-Cz</b>. The unique molecular structure of these emitters resulted in a pure green emission with narrow full width at half-maximum (FWHM) and high PLQY in both solution and solid state. Notably, under optimal conditions, the <b>BpIC-Cz</b>-based OLEDs demonstrated a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE<sub>max</sub>) of 25.7% with alleviated efficiency roll-off characteristics even at high luminescence (EQE<sub>5000 nits</sub> = 22.6%). The corresponding CIE coordinates are almost at the level of BT2020 and NTSC green-color industrial standards. Additionally, the <b>BpIC-Cz</b>-based device displayed remarkable stability as seen by a noticeably longer device lifetime (LT<sub>90</sub>) of 25.3 h at a high initial luminance of 5000 nits.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"237-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Backside bonding for extremely narrow bezel at the bottom of flexible displays 用于柔性显示器底部极窄边框的背面粘合技术
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1284
Donghyun Lee, Jaehak Lee, Dongkyun Seo, Yangho Jung, Hyunsup Lee, Donghwan Kong, Sijoon Song
{"title":"Backside bonding for extremely narrow bezel at the bottom of flexible displays","authors":"Donghyun Lee,&nbsp;Jaehak Lee,&nbsp;Dongkyun Seo,&nbsp;Yangho Jung,&nbsp;Hyunsup Lee,&nbsp;Donghwan Kong,&nbsp;Sijoon Song","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsid.1284","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We developed a novel method to minimize the bezel of flexible displays through backside bonding of a chip on film, resulting in the bezel width of less than 500 μm as compared to 1000 μm of conventional displays. The metal embedded in polyimide (MEP) layer is placed between the first and second polyimide (PI) substrates and connected to the metal lines of the backplane via the MEP contact (M-CNT) hole. Subsequently, the nonconductive film (NCF) bonding and intense pulsed light sintering are performed using conductive ink. Conductive ink as the interconnect material capable of low-temperature sintering is applied to avert thermal degradation and crack. At a high temperature (65°C) and humidity (90% relative humidity), the contact resistance was a drivable level for the display after 240 h. The normalized strain in the M-CNT hole and MEP area were less than 0.4, indicating the absence of cracks during the NCF bonding. These results demonstrated that the backside bonding method was suitable for extremely narrow bezels of the next-generation flexible displays.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"206-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141091563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vergence-accommodation conflict increases time to focus in augmented reality 会聚-适应冲突会增加增强现实中的聚焦时间
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1283
Daniel P. Spiegel, Ian M. Erkelens
{"title":"Vergence-accommodation conflict increases time to focus in augmented reality","authors":"Daniel P. Spiegel,&nbsp;Ian M. Erkelens","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1283","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1283","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Vergence-accommodation conflicts (VAC) occur in near-eye displays when the binocular disparity of the 3D rendered content (vergence) does not match the display focal distance (accommodation). VAC has been shown to reduce perceptual image quality, cognitive performance, and oculomotor coordination. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of VAC on visual performance in augmented reality (AR). Specifically, we quantified the impact of AR VAC on the ‘Time to Focus’ (TTF); when the user switches focus between real-world content and world-locked AR-rendered content. Our results show that TTF increases exponentially with VAC. The increase is more pronounced at closer vergence distances in displays with a focal distance of 1 D or longer. Finally, we showed that VAC may have a differential effect across age groups; specifically, older users may be affected more in closer focal and longer vergence distances.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"194-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jsid.1283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Full-color, wide field-of-view single-layer waveguide for augmented reality displays 用于增强现实显示器的全彩宽视场单层波导
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1288
Qian Yang, Yuqiang Ding, Shin-Tson Wu
{"title":"Full-color, wide field-of-view single-layer waveguide for augmented reality displays","authors":"Qian Yang,&nbsp;Yuqiang Ding,&nbsp;Shin-Tson Wu","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1288","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the quest for more compact and efficient augmented reality (AR) displays, the standard approach often necessitates the use of multiple layers to facilitate a large full-color field of view (FoV). Here, we delve into the constraints of FoV in single-layer, full-color waveguide-based AR displays, uncovering the critical roles played by the waveguide's refractive index, the exit pupil expansion (EPE) scheme, and the combiner's angular response in dictating these limitations. Through detailed analysis, we introduce an innovative approach, featuring an optimized butterfly EPE scheme coupled with gradient-pitch polarization volume gratings (PVGs). This novel configuration successfully achieves a theoretical diagonal FoV of 54.06° while maintaining a 16:10 aspect ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 4.7-inch 650 PPI AMQLED display prepared by direct photolithography 直接光刻法制备的 4.7 英寸 650 PPI AMQLED 显示屏
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1281
Di Zhang, Zhuo Li, Shaoyong Lu, Dong Li, Zhuo Chen, Yanzhao Li, Xinguo Li, Xiaoguang Xu
{"title":"A 4.7-inch 650 PPI AMQLED display prepared by direct photolithography","authors":"Di Zhang,&nbsp;Zhuo Li,&nbsp;Shaoyong Lu,&nbsp;Dong Li,&nbsp;Zhuo Chen,&nbsp;Yanzhao Li,&nbsp;Xinguo Li,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Xu","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1281","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, a highly efficient photosensitive quantum dot (QD) system was designed. The optimized photosensitive QD system had high photoluminescence quantum yield and colloidal stability. By direct photolithography, RGB pixel arrays with a single sub-pixel size of 39 μm × 5 μm were successfully prepared. Further, the full-color QLED device was realized. There were no residual QD emission peaks from neighboring sub-pixels observed in the electroluminescence spectra. Experience on the full-color QLED device guided the successful preparation of a 4.7-inch 650 PPI active matrix QLED prototype. The active matrix QLED prototype could display clear and complete pictures. The color gamut reached 85% of the BT2020 standard. This is the first active matrix QLED prototype prepared with a record-high resolution by direct photolithography, which promoted the development of QLED display technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"174-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A varifocal augmented reality head-up display using Alvarez freeform lenses 使用阿尔瓦雷斯自由曲面透镜的变焦增强现实平视显示器
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1286
Yi Liu, Yuqing Qiu, Jiaqi Dong, Bo-Ru Yang, Zong Qin
{"title":"A varifocal augmented reality head-up display using Alvarez freeform lenses","authors":"Yi Liu,&nbsp;Yuqing Qiu,&nbsp;Jiaqi Dong,&nbsp;Bo-Ru Yang,&nbsp;Zong Qin","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1286","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A crucial requirement of augmented reality head-up displays (AR-HUDs) is continuously adjustable virtual image distance (VID), which allows adaptation to various depths in road environments and thereby avoids visual fatigue. However, usual varifocal components for near-eye displays are unavailable because AR-HUDs require the varifocal component's aperture to be larger than 10 cm. This study considers the Alvarez lenses, which change the optical power by in-plane sliding two freeform lenses. Under the paraxial assumption, classic Alvarez lenses can create a quadratic wavefront profile, but the large aperture and extensive diopter variation range required by AR-HUDs lead to significant aberrations. Thus, the classic paraxial Alvarez lens design is extended by co-optimizing Alvarez lenses with high-order surface profiles and a primary freeform mirror. Therefore, a novel varifocal AR-HUD containing Alvarez lenses with apertures larger than 15 cm is proposed. The AR-HUD generates a varifocal plane whose VID can be continuously adjusted between 2.5 and 7.5 m, and another focal plane with a fixed VID at 7.5 m. In addition, merely one display panel is used for compactness. Finally, an AR-HUD prototype with a reduced volume of 9.8 L was built. The expected varifocal performance and qualified imaging quality were experimentally verified through the field of view, VID, and image sharpness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 5","pages":"226-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Next generation personalized display systems employing adaptive dynamic-range compression techniques to address diversity in individual circadian visual features 下一代个性化显示系统采用自适应动态范围压缩技术，解决个体昼夜节律视觉特征的多样性问题
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术
Journal of the Society for Information Display Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1002/jsid.1277
Sakuichi Ohtsuka, Saki Iwaida, Yuichiro Orita, Shoko Hira, Masayuki Kashima
{"title":"Next generation personalized display systems employing adaptive dynamic-range compression techniques to address diversity in individual circadian visual features","authors":"Sakuichi Ohtsuka,&nbsp;Saki Iwaida,&nbsp;Yuichiro Orita,&nbsp;Shoko Hira,&nbsp;Masayuki Kashima","doi":"10.1002/jsid.1277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsid.1277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perceptually natural standard-dynamic-range (SDR) images reproduced under normal viewing conditions should retain enough information for the human observer to estimate the time at which the actual high-dynamic-range (HDR) scene was captured without recourse to artificial information. Currently, both global- and local-tone mapping operators (TMOs) seem to have comparable levels of performance. Therefore, we first consider the constraints created in the actual human visual system by eye movement, and buttress a hypothesis with a demonstration. We briefly review the imperceptible illuminance effects yielded by the personal circadian clock suggested by chronophysiological research and other related effects, because our previous study suggested that the characteristics of the human visual system dynamically varies depending on the individual's circadian pattern. Finally, we conduct two psychophysical experiments based on the hypothesis that the human visual system employs several global TMOs at the first stage for information compression that depend on individual-circadian-visual-features (ICVF). The results suggest that (1) no participant can perceive actual-capture-time (ACT) and (2) sensitive observers can discriminate reproduced images based on virtual-shooting-time (VST) effects induced by different types of global TMOs. We also discover that the VST-based discrimination differs widely among people, but most are unaware of this effect as evidenced by daily conversations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49979,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for Information Display","volume":"32 6","pages":"462-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jsid.1277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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