Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Human biomonitoring and environmental health: a critical review of global exposure patterns, methodological challenges and research gaps.","authors":"Eduardo de Paula Nunes, Badr Abou Dehn Pestana, Boscolli Barbosa Pereira","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2529845","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2529845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human biomonitoring (HBM) is an essential approach for assessing exposure to environmental toxicants and for informing risk assessment frameworks. However, the global expansion of HBM has (1) outpaced efforts to harmonize methodologies, (2) addressed contextual inequalities, and (3) translated findings into public health interventions. This review examined literature regarding HBM across different contaminant categories including atmospheric pollutants, heavy metals, mycotoxins, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Drawing on recent studies, key trends, methodological inconsistencies, and systemic biases in research design and population coverage were identified. This review noted an overrepresentation of studies in high-income countries, limited data from vulnerable populations, and a persistent reliance on cross-sectional designs. There is significant heterogeneity in biomarker selection, analytical protocols, and interpretation of exposure-health relationships. Further, many investigations failed to control for confounding variables or explore toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic mechanisms, limiting causal inference. Further, exposure to complex chemical mixtures was routinely underexplored, despite evidence of potential interactive effects. The review presents critical gaps in current knowledge, particularly regarding long-term health effects and translation of biomonitoring data into risk management policies. This review emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies, expanded research in low- and middle-income settings, and integration of biomonitoring with community-based surveillance and environmental justice frameworks. Future research needs to prioritize longitudinal designs, interdisciplinary approaches, and greater inclusion of socially and geographically marginalized groups. By reconceptualizing HBM as both a scientific and socio-political endeavor, the field might more effectively contribute to global environmental health protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights derived from testing a library of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a battery of new approach methods (NAMs).","authors":"Grace Patlewicz, Richard Judson, Katie Paul Friedman, Barbara A Wetmore, Michael J DeVito, Joshua A Harrill, Kelly E Carstens, Keith A Houck, John F Wambaugh, Stephanie Padilla, Katy N Britton, Timothy J Shafer, Sigmund Degitz, Jo Nyffeler, Anna Kreutz, Ann M Richard, Antony J Williams, Katherine Coutros, Michael W Hornung, John Cowden, Logan J Everett, Clinton M Willis, Marci G Smeltz, M Scott Clifton, Madison Feshuk, Jonathan T Wall, Risa R Sayre, Jason Brown, Russell S Thomas","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2521615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2521615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) comprise a large class of human-made chemicals that are in widespread use and present concerns for persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity. Whilst a handful of PFAS have been characterized for their hazard profiles, the vast majority of PFAS have not been extensively studied. A comprehensive evaluation to characterize the hazard profiles of the thousands of available PFAS would require extensive resources in terms of cost, number of animals and time. An alternative and more efficient approach is to develop a structural chemical categorization approach to prioritize which PFAS or categories of PFAS should be subject to additional study. To that end, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Division of Translational Toxicology (DTT), initiated a research project in 2018 to screen approximately 150 PFAS through a battery of alternative model organisms, <i>in vitro</i> cell and biochemical assays, and <i>in vitro</i> toxico kinetic (TK) assays in order to inform chemical category and read-across approaches. The aim of this review summarizes the experimental testing undertaken, how data were processed, what insights were derived from a category perspective and how these might potentially inform subsequent tiered testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-69"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical review of the association between environmental manganese and thyroid function, with implications for potential neurodevelopmental effects.","authors":"N Karyakina, N Shilnikova, N Farhat, C Bates, F Momoli, A Leopold, D Krewski","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2522849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2522849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element that, in excess, may initiate adverse health effects. Recent evidence suggested that environmental exposure to Mn may produce thyroid hormone imbalances leading to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The aim of this review was to summarize available evidence regarding Mn exposure and consequent adverse thyroid effects, including potential implications for neurodevelopmental impairment in children. Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus were systematically searched using two concepts: Mn exposure and thyroid function. A total of 31 studies (17 human studies, 14 toxicological studies) fulfilled eligibility criteria. Evidence for effects attributed to Mn on the thyroid from human studies is inconclusive. No apparent studies were identified to directly characterize Mn thyroid-mediated effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although limited evidence from animal studies provides some support for the effects of Mn on thyroid-related hormones, it is unclear whether such hormonal imbalance is a result of a direct or indirect biological mechanism of action. Toxicokinetic data demonstrated that Mn accumulates in thyroid tissue and might interfere with thyroid function. Currently, there are limited data on biological mechanisms of action for the effects of Mn on the thyroid. Although evidence to date is suggestive of Mn thyroid-related activity, the lack of adequate studies precludes a causal interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-39"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2513143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2513143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphine and treatment of cancer -related pain-risk or benefit?","authors":"Jie Wang, Pengfei Guo, Yanfei Bian, Jing Ma, Shumin Zhao, Zhiguo Zhang, Yunfeng Xu","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2509920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2509920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphine has been widely used to treat physical non-cancer pain as well as cancer-related pain. However, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating that morphine in addition to alleviating pain initiates and suppresses immune functions in different types of cancer. At present the actions of morphine on tumor growth are contradictory with both inhibition and stimulation reported. Thus, the effects of morphine use needs to be identified with respect to the immune system in consideration of the therapeutic course to follow. It is known that cancer cells express various types of opioid receptors and morphine interaction with these receptors needs to be elucidated in cancer treatment. The expression and distribution of different opioid receptors for morphine binding may provide a basis for varying effects attributed to morphine actions on cancer cell promotion and suppression. Evidence indicates that knowledge regarding distribution of opioid receptors may be considered as a therapeutic tool to determine the use of morphine as a painkiller to treat cancer-related pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on safety of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs).","authors":"T G Osimitz, W Droege","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2503784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2503784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are widely used to kill pathogenic microbes (including COVID-19), providing a substantial public health benefit. This review is an update to our previous publications that summarized and interpreted the current knowledge of the safety of the two most widely used QACs, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC). A literature search was conducted for studies published since 2000 that addressed possible toxicity of ADBAC and DDAC as well as investigations into human exposure. The current database of high-quality animal toxicology studies with ADBAC/DDAC showed that adverse cellular changes are limited to effects at the point of contact. (1) Non-guideline animal toxicology investigations, (2) studies of the effect of QACs on subcellular functions, and (3) the sole report of systemic effects in humans might not be informative for human health risk assessment. Because of their widespread use, human exposure to QACs is frequent. Various reports measured QACs in media in the home and workplaces. Risk calculations performed based upon these exposure estimates performed as part of this review demonstrated that none of the exposure scenarios examined are predicted to pose adverse health risks to exposed individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2452040","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2452040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) - associated cognitive impairment and morbidity in humans and animal models: a systematic review.","authors":"Ritu Chauhan, Susmitha Dande, Darryl B Hood, Sanika S Chirwa, Michael A Langston, Stephen K Grady, Levente Dojcsak, Mohammad Tabatabai, Derek Wilus, R Burciaga Valdez, Mohammad Z Al-Hamdan, Wansoo Im, Monique McCallister, Donald J Alcendor, Charles P Mouton, Aramandla Ramesh","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2450354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2450354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM_2.5) is one of the criteria air pollutants that (1) serve as an essential carrier of airborne toxicants arising from combustion-related events including emissions from industries, automobiles, and wildfires and (2) play an important role in transient to long-lasting cognitive dysfunction as well as several other neurological disorders. A systematic review was conducted to address differences in study design and various biochemical and molecular markers employed to elucidate neurological disorders in PM_2.5 -exposed humans and animal models. Out of 340,068 scientific publications screened from 7 databases, 312 studies were identified that targeted the relationship between exposure to PM_2.5 and cognitive dysfunction. Equivocal evidence was identified from pre-clinical (animal model) and human studies that PM_2.5 exposure contributes to dementia, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and neurodevelopment. In addition, there was substantial evidence from human studies that PM_2.5 also was associated with Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, neuropathy, and brain tumors. The role of exposome in characterizing neurobehavioral anomalies and opportunities available to leverage the neuroexposome initiative for conducting longitudinal studies is discussed. Our review also provided some areas that warrant consideration, one of which is unraveling the role of microbiome, and the other role of climate change in PM_2.5 exposure-induced neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"233-263"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which prenatal biomarker is most appropriate for methylmercury dose-response for neurodevelopmental effects?","authors":"Leonid Kopylev, Michael Dzierlenga, Yu-Sheng Lin, Rebecca Nachman, Elizabeth Radke, Hongyu Ru, Deborah Segal","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2024.2444650","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2024.2444650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) is a well-established hazard attributed to methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. This evidence is based primarily upon includes studies that measured biomarkers of MeHg exposure in samples of maternal hair and blood, and cord blood. The aim of this review was to investigate which of these prenatal biomarkers is most appropriate for quantifying the DNT effects attributed to MeHg. A comprehensive literature search covered MeHg dose-response literature published 1998-2022. Studies were evaluated for risk of bias and study sensitivity using IRIS approach. Quantitative results of investigations were extracted and statistically compared. Seven studies were identified that measured both maternal hair and cord blood Hg levels. In these investigations, several DNT umbrella tests and their sub-tests results were modeled. Cord blood MeHg was more sensitive, producing larger estimates of MeHg potency, in most of the comparisons (91%) with maternal hair MeHg estimates for the same sub-tests in the same study. When comparing results from cord blood Hg to maternal hair Hg there was a 75% increase in sensitivity (range: 4-583%). In the two domains where results for maternal hair Hg were more sensitive, the rise was only 18% (Range: 7-29%). There were limited data (two studies) that compared maternal blood and maternal hair biomarkers (maternal blood Hg was more sensitive (mean 320% and range 43-855%) and cord blood biomarkers (maternal blood Hg was more sensitive by approximately 30%). Maternal hair Hg remains an appropriate biomarker for exposure monitoring in many populations, but these data suggest that cord blood Hg is more appropriate for dose-response modeling of MeHg DNT effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biological and sociological implications of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI): life within microbiomes and on earth.","authors":"David A Lawrence, Brandon O'Sullivan, Joerg Graf, Alex Hogan, Katherine W Herbst, Juan C Salazar","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2497826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2497826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From a biological point of view, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) are important at multiple levels, which include our genetics, microbiomes, diets, and all organ system interactions. Considering only DEI's sociological aspects is equivalent to the error of \"throwing out the baby with the bath water.\" Variances in microbial diversity within our microbiomes might affect our health through systemic interactions affecting metabolites, maintaining immune homeostasis, and wound healing of cellular damage from an infection, physical stress, or psychological trauma. An imbalance of our immune cell subsets, both innate and adaptive, and the microbes in any of our microbiomes might lead to more cellular damage from excessive inflammation and oxidative stress and less immune regulation. The immune dysregulation may occur due to the loss of endometrial barriers enabling the spread of microbes, environmental pollutants, and allergens. Heat waves, sleep deprivation, and increased prevalence of pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, which weaken endothelial barriers, may be responsible for the enhanced prevalence of physical and psychological stresses. Leakage of our useful gut microbiota into the periphery might initiate inflammatory responses, and an altered gut microbiome might affect the gut-brain axis that influences physical and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}