{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2513143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2513143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphine and treatment of cancer -related pain-risk or benefit?","authors":"Jie Wang, Pengfei Guo, Yanfei Bian, Jing Ma, Shumin Zhao, Zhiguo Zhang, Yunfeng Xu","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2509920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2509920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphine has been widely used to treat physical non-cancer pain as well as cancer-related pain. However, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating that morphine in addition to alleviating pain initiates and suppresses immune functions in different types of cancer. At present the actions of morphine on tumor growth are contradictory with both inhibition and stimulation reported. Thus, the effects of morphine use needs to be identified with respect to the immune system in consideration of the therapeutic course to follow. It is known that cancer cells express various types of opioid receptors and morphine interaction with these receptors needs to be elucidated in cancer treatment. The expression and distribution of different opioid receptors for morphine binding may provide a basis for varying effects attributed to morphine actions on cancer cell promotion and suppression. Evidence indicates that knowledge regarding distribution of opioid receptors may be considered as a therapeutic tool to determine the use of morphine as a painkiller to treat cancer-related pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectives on safety of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs).","authors":"T G Osimitz, W Droege","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2503784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2503784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are widely used to kill pathogenic microbes (including COVID-19), providing a substantial public health benefit. This review is an update to our previous publications that summarized and interpreted the current knowledge of the safety of the two most widely used QACs, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC) and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC). A literature search was conducted for studies published since 2000 that addressed possible toxicity of ADBAC and DDAC as well as investigations into human exposure. The current database of high-quality animal toxicology studies with ADBAC/DDAC showed that adverse cellular changes are limited to effects at the point of contact. (1) Non-guideline animal toxicology investigations, (2) studies of the effect of QACs on subcellular functions, and (3) the sole report of systemic effects in humans might not be informative for human health risk assessment. Because of their widespread use, human exposure to QACs is frequent. Various reports measured QACs in media in the home and workplaces. Risk calculations performed based upon these exposure estimates performed as part of this review demonstrated that none of the exposure scenarios examined are predicted to pose adverse health risks to exposed individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2452040","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2452040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"264"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ritu Chauhan, Susmitha Dande, Darryl B Hood, Sanika S Chirwa, Michael A Langston, Stephen K Grady, Levente Dojcsak, Mohammad Tabatabai, Derek Wilus, R Burciaga Valdez, Mohammad Z Al-Hamdan, Wansoo Im, Monique McCallister, Donald J Alcendor, Charles P Mouton, Aramandla Ramesh
{"title":"Particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) - associated cognitive impairment and morbidity in humans and animal models: a systematic review.","authors":"Ritu Chauhan, Susmitha Dande, Darryl B Hood, Sanika S Chirwa, Michael A Langston, Stephen K Grady, Levente Dojcsak, Mohammad Tabatabai, Derek Wilus, R Burciaga Valdez, Mohammad Z Al-Hamdan, Wansoo Im, Monique McCallister, Donald J Alcendor, Charles P Mouton, Aramandla Ramesh","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2450354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2450354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is one of the criteria air pollutants that (1) serve as an essential carrier of airborne toxicants arising from combustion-related events including emissions from industries, automobiles, and wildfires and (2) play an important role in transient to long-lasting cognitive dysfunction as well as several other neurological disorders. A systematic review was conducted to address differences in study design and various biochemical and molecular markers employed to elucidate neurological disorders in PM<sub>2.5</sub> -exposed humans and animal models. Out of 340,068 scientific publications screened from 7 databases, 312 studies were identified that targeted the relationship between exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and cognitive dysfunction. Equivocal evidence was identified from pre-clinical (animal model) and human studies that PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure contributes to dementia, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and neurodevelopment. In addition, there was substantial evidence from human studies that PM<sub>2.5</sub> also was associated with Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, neuropathy, and brain tumors. The role of exposome in characterizing neurobehavioral anomalies and opportunities available to leverage the neuroexposome initiative for conducting longitudinal studies is discussed. Our review also provided some areas that warrant consideration, one of which is unraveling the role of microbiome, and the other role of climate change in PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure-induced neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"233-263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leonid Kopylev, Michael Dzierlenga, Yu-Sheng Lin, Rebecca Nachman, Elizabeth Radke, Hongyu Ru, Deborah Segal
{"title":"Which prenatal biomarker is most appropriate for methylmercury dose-response for neurodevelopmental effects?","authors":"Leonid Kopylev, Michael Dzierlenga, Yu-Sheng Lin, Rebecca Nachman, Elizabeth Radke, Hongyu Ru, Deborah Segal","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2024.2444650","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2024.2444650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) is a well-established hazard attributed to methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. This evidence is based primarily upon includes studies that measured biomarkers of MeHg exposure in samples of maternal hair and blood, and cord blood. The aim of this review was to investigate which of these prenatal biomarkers is most appropriate for quantifying the DNT effects attributed to MeHg. A comprehensive literature search covered MeHg dose-response literature published 1998-2022. Studies were evaluated for risk of bias and study sensitivity using IRIS approach. Quantitative results of investigations were extracted and statistically compared. Seven studies were identified that measured both maternal hair and cord blood Hg levels. In these investigations, several DNT umbrella tests and their sub-tests results were modeled. Cord blood MeHg was more sensitive, producing larger estimates of MeHg potency, in most of the comparisons (91%) with maternal hair MeHg estimates for the same sub-tests in the same study. When comparing results from cord blood Hg to maternal hair Hg there was a 75% increase in sensitivity (range: 4-583%). In the two domains where results for maternal hair Hg were more sensitive, the rise was only 18% (Range: 7-29%). There were limited data (two studies) that compared maternal blood and maternal hair biomarkers (maternal blood Hg was more sensitive (mean 320% and range 43-855%) and cord blood biomarkers (maternal blood Hg was more sensitive by approximately 30%). Maternal hair Hg remains an appropriate biomarker for exposure monitoring in many populations, but these data suggest that cord blood Hg is more appropriate for dose-response modeling of MeHg DNT effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David A Lawrence, Brandon O'Sullivan, Joerg Graf, Alex Hogan, Katherine W Herbst, Juan C Salazar
{"title":"The biological and sociological implications of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI): life within microbiomes and on earth.","authors":"David A Lawrence, Brandon O'Sullivan, Joerg Graf, Alex Hogan, Katherine W Herbst, Juan C Salazar","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2497826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2497826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From a biological point of view, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) are important at multiple levels, which include our genetics, microbiomes, diets, and all organ system interactions. Considering only DEI's sociological aspects is equivalent to the error of \"throwing out the baby with the bath water.\" Variances in microbial diversity within our microbiomes might affect our health through systemic interactions affecting metabolites, maintaining immune homeostasis, and wound healing of cellular damage from an infection, physical stress, or psychological trauma. An imbalance of our immune cell subsets, both innate and adaptive, and the microbes in any of our microbiomes might lead to more cellular damage from excessive inflammation and oxidative stress and less immune regulation. The immune dysregulation may occur due to the loss of endometrial barriers enabling the spread of microbes, environmental pollutants, and allergens. Heat waves, sleep deprivation, and increased prevalence of pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, which weaken endothelial barriers, may be responsible for the enhanced prevalence of physical and psychological stresses. Leakage of our useful gut microbiota into the periphery might initiate inflammatory responses, and an altered gut microbiome might affect the gut-brain axis that influences physical and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David C Dorman, Doreen McGough, Michael Aschner, Len Levy, Peggy Gross
{"title":"Hazard classification of manganese salts based on animal neurotoxicity data: case study for specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure (STOT-RE).","authors":"David C Dorman, Doreen McGough, Michael Aschner, Len Levy, Peggy Gross","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2476418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2476418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure (STOT-RE) is a hazard class in both Globally Harmonized System and Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation in the European Union (EU) legislation on hazard classification labeling and packaging of substances and mixtures. This legislation, used for the chemical safety assessment under the EU Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), evaluates long-term exposure of chemicals on human or animals and designates three categories of classification - STOT RE 1 (potential to produce significant toxicity to humans); STOT RE 2 (presumed to be toxic to humans), or not classified. Human epidemiologic studies identified neurologic effects as the most sensitive adverse health effect following repeated manganese (Mn) exposure. However, there are inadequate human studies to assess the neurotoxicity and STOT-RE classification of the chloride, sulfate, and nitrate forms of Mn. This review summarizes peer-reviewed studies with original data identified from searches of PubMed and OECD studies submitted as part of the REACH information requirement. This review included peer-reviewed studies that exhibited a duration of ≥21 days, including oral or inhalation exposure, and reported neurobehavioral, neurochemical or neuropathologic outcomes. A total of 75, 6, and 0 investigations met the inclusion criteria for this review for the chloride, sulfate, and nitrate forms of Mn, respectively. Based upon retrieved data or read-across principles a proposed classification of these Mn salts, following repeated oral or inhaled exposure, is STOT RE 2, target organ, the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-56"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Drosophila</i> fruit fly an <i>in vivo</i> model to determine hazardous effects following exposure to nanoplastics utilizing the <i>One Health</i> approach.","authors":"Eşref Demir","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2494992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2494992","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna G Holliman, Laci Mackay, Vinicia C Biancardi, Ya-Xiong Tao, Chad D Foradori
{"title":"Atrazine's effects on mammalian physiology.","authors":"Anna G Holliman, Laci Mackay, Vinicia C Biancardi, Ya-Xiong Tao, Chad D Foradori","doi":"10.1080/10937404.2025.2468212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2025.2468212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrazine is a chlorotriazine herbicide that is one of the most widely used herbicides in the USA and the world. For over 60 years atrazine has been used on major crops including corn, sorghum, and sugarcane to control broadleaf and grassy weed emergence and growth. Atrazine has exerted a major economic and environmental impact over that time, resulting in reduced production costs and increased conservation tillage practices. However, widespread use and a long half-life led to a high prevalence of atrazine in the environment. Indeed, atrazine is the most frequent herbicide contaminant detected in water sources in the USA. Due to its almost ubiquitous presence and questions regarding its safety, atrazine has been well-studied. First reported to affect reproduction with potential disruptive effects which were later linked to the immune system, cancer, stress response, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular ailments in experimental models. Atrazine impact on multiple interwoven systems broadens the significance of atrazine exposure. The endeavor to uncover the mechanisms underlying atrazine-induced dysfunction in mammals is ongoing, with new genetic and pharmacological targets being reported. This review aims to summarize the prominent effects of atrazine on mammalian physiology, primarily focusing on empirical studies conducted in lab animal models and establish correlations with epidemiological human studies when relevant. In addition, current common patterns of toxicity and potential underlying mechanisms of atrazine action will be examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":49971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part B-Critical Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-40"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}