Journal of Vegetation Science最新文献

{"title":"Mosses and vascular plants show diverging diversity patterns along a latitudinal gradient in boreal bogs and fens","authors":"Élise Deschênes,&nbsp;Monique Poulin,&nbsp;Marie-Hélène Brice,&nbsp;Pierre Legendre,&nbsp;Stéphanie Pellerin","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The latitudinal biodiversity gradient; i.e., the increase in biodiversity towards the equator, is one of the most prominent biodiversity patterns. Nevertheless, many questions remain to be answered about the influence of multiple environmental factors on the latitudinal biodiversity gradient, especially for mosses, and the functional diversity of mosses and vascular plants. This study aims at evaluating the influence of latitude, climate, environmental variables, and habitat types (bog vs fen) on taxonomic and functional diversity (α-diversity and β-diversity) and the composition of vascular plant and moss species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>49° N to 55° N in Northwestern Quebec, Canada.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mosses, vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a database containing 376 phytosociological plots (400 m²) sampled in boreal peatlands located along a 600-km latitudinal gradient. We evaluated changes in α-diversity and β-diversity in response to latitude, longitude, climate, and local abiotic variables for both taxonomic groups using linear mixed effect models. We evaluated the effects of these variables on taxonomic and functional composition using variance partitioning by redundancy analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moss diversity increased with latitude, although the effects were masked by environmental variables, whereas vascular plant diversity decreased with latitude in fens and did not vary with latitude in bogs. We observed a decrease in taxonomic and functional uniqueness with latitude. Moss and vascular plant taxonomic and functional composition were primarily structured by contrasting local conditions in bogs and fens, whereas climatic variations along the latitudinal gradient played a secondary role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results highlight the contrasting biodiversity patterns in both peatland types and the importance of local habitat conditions in structuring vascular plant and moss diversity. These patterns varied depending on the diversity indicator used, as α- and β-diversity and functional and taxonomic diversity were often decoupled. Future studies should therefore include more than one diversity indicator and consider the differences between ecosystems and taxon groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140145796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simulation study comparing common methods for analyzing species–habitat associations of plants","authors":"Maximilian H. K. Hesselbarth,&nbsp;Kerstin Wiegand","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13243","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Question</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species-specific habitat associations are one of several processes that lead to a clustered spatial pattern of plant populations. This pattern occurs in tropical and temperate forests. To analyze species–habitat associations, four methods are commonly used when determining species–habitat associations from spatial point pattern and environmental raster data. Two of the methods randomize the spatial point pattern of plants, and two randomize the raster data of habitat patches. However, the strengths and weaknesses of the four methods have never been analyzed in detail.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a simulation study to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the four most used methods. The methods are the gamma test, pattern reconstruction, the torus-translation test and the randomized-habitats procedure. We simulated neutral landscapes representing habitat patches and point patterns representing fine-scale plant distributions. We built into our simulations known positive and negative species–habitat associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All four methods were equally good at detecting species–habitat associations. Detected positive associations better than negative ones. Furthermore, correct detections were mostly influenced by the initial spatial distribution of the point patterns, landscape fragmentation and the number of simulated null model randomizations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The four methods have advantages and disadvantages, and which is the most suitable method largely depends on the characteristics of the available data. However, our simulation study shows that the results are consistent between methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvs.13243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental warming has limited impacts on post-fire succession across a burn severity gradient","authors":"Ethan M. Taber,&nbsp;Rachel M. Mitchell","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anthropogenic climate change is causing increases in the severity of wildland fire in many parts of the world. At the same time, post-fire succession is occurring under new, warmer temperatures that are projected to continue increasing. Despite this, the combined effects of uncharacteristically high burn severity and increased ambient temperature on post-fire community composition remain poorly understood. We ask how post-fire forest understorey community composition and species richness are influenced by (1) burn severity, (2) experimental warming, and (3) years since fire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Museum Fire Scar, <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> forest, Arizona, United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We established 120 1-m² quadrats in unburned, low- and high-severity locations nine months after a mixed-severity fire. Half of the plots were subject to experimental warming via open-top warming chambers that elevated daytime temperatures by 1.079°C, simulating near-term anthropogenic warming. Plant composition data were collected annually for three years. Relationships between community composition, burn severity, and experimental warming were analyzed using repeated-measures PERMANOVA and linear mixed-effects models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Composition differed significantly according to burn severity, time since fire, and their interaction, while experimental warming did not significantly influence composition. Species richness significantly increased in burned areas compared to unburned control within two years of fire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that near-term temperature increases, driven by anthropogenic climate change, will have little effect on community composition relative to fire severity. High-severity fire drove large, rapid changes in plant composition compared to unburned controls, favoring exotic annuals in a historically perennial-dominated plant community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant spectral diversity from high-resolution multispectral imagery detects functional diversity patterns in coastal dune communities","authors":"Eleonora Beccari,&nbsp;Carlos Pérez Carmona,&nbsp;Enrico Tordoni,&nbsp;Francesco Petruzzellis,&nbsp;Davide Martinucci,&nbsp;Giulia Casagrande,&nbsp;Nicola Pavanetto,&nbsp;Duccio Rocchini,&nbsp;Marco D'Antraccoli,&nbsp;Daniela Ciccarelli,&nbsp;Giovanni Bacaro","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13239","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Question</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Remote sensing is a fundamental tool to monitor biodiversity and spectral diversity may represent a proxy for different biodiversity facets such as taxonomic (TD) and functional diversity (FD). We used fine-resolution multispectral imagery to explore spectral diversity (SD) patterns across spatial scales (i.e., plot, transect, area), and assess SD relationships with TD and FD along an environmental gradient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coastal sand dune, Viareggio, Italy (“Migliarino–San Rossore–Massaciuccoli” Regional Park, 43°83′ N, 10°25′ E).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured TD as species richness, while SD and FD were computed using probability density functions based on pixel and species position in multivariate spaces. We compared SD and FD patterns in space occupation, and we tested whether these patterns are coordinated along the sea–inland gradient. We also assessed univariate relationships between SD and biodiversity facets, and we tested how these facets were partitioned across scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found a strong correspondence between functional and spectral patterns in space occupation and along the environmental gradient, with a lack of significance when considering TD. However, TD and SD showed higher variation at broader scale while most FD variation occurred at plot level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By measuring FD and SD with a common methodological framework, we demonstrate that SD approximates functional patterns in plant communities. Moreover, we show that SD retrieved using high-resolution images can capture different aspects of FD, and that the occupation of the spectral space is analogous to the occupation of the functional space.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140104369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climbing aroids in a Panamanian lowland forest: We should reconsider our categories","authors":"Helena Julia Regina Einzmann,&nbsp;Letizia Weichgrebe,&nbsp;Juliane Kohlstruck,&nbsp;Gerhard Zotz","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In contrast to woody climbers, information on community composition or vertical extension within the forest is scarce for herbaceous climbers, even in well-studied field sites like Barro Colorado Island. Moreover, questions regarding ontogenetic patterns (site of germination, changes in root/shoot connection with the soil) are unresolved because of a lack of field data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Barro Colorado Island, Panama.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 17 plots of 400 m² each, which were distributed all over the island, we recorded all potential hosts (trees, palms, lianas) with a diameter at breast height larger than 1 cm, and all climbing aroids attached to them. For aroids, we recorded species identity, number of shoots, root connections to the ground, and vertical shoot extension. By distinguishing three size classes for each species in our analyses we deduced the site of germination and ontogenetic changes in the root/shoot connection with the soil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Only 16% of all potential hosts were occupied by climbing aroids. We recorded 1196 individuals of 17 species. Aroids preferred larger trees and old-growth forest. Species differed strongly in vertical distribution. Hemiepiphytic species germinate epiphytically, often high up in tree crowns and later establish root contact with the soil, while the majority of species establish on or close to the ground and reach moderate heights of 5–15 m (forest height ca. 35 m). In all of these species, we observed dieback of the proximal portion of the shoot to a varying extent but contact with the soil was invariably retained via adventitious roots.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide rare quantitative data on species richness and abundance of herbaceous climbers in a tropical lowland forest. Few species fall neatly into the categories of vines, nomadic vines and hemiepiphytes. This highlights the need for longitudinal observational and experimental studies to resolve the current debate on the appropriate grouping of these climbers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvs.13246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf trait variation in grassland plant species in response to soil phosphorus","authors":"Iris Moeneclaey,&nbsp;Stephanie Schelfhout,&nbsp;Haben Blondeel,&nbsp;Frieke Van Coillie,&nbsp;Kris Verheyen,&nbsp;Lander Baeten","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased soil phosphorus (P) availability in fertilized grasslands can drive both community degradation and delayed community recovery upon agricultural abandonment. Beyond describing grassland community patterns along gradients in P availability, it remains unclear how individual species with different strategies respond to increasing phosphorus. Here we studied intraspecific variability of leaf functional traits in response to soil phosphorus, for species with contrasting resource-use strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We set up a pot experiment with communities containing four species, assembled from a pool of 20 mesotrophic grassland species growing along a soil P gradient. Species selection included various growth forms (grasses vs forbs) and resource-use strategies (acquisitive vs conservative resource use). We measured three variables characterizing the (a)biotic environmental context: bioavailable soil P concentration, total community biomass as a proxy for the intensity of competition, and the proportional biomass of a species in the community as a proxy for its competitive dominance. We investigated the effect of this environmental context on the expression of two leaf traits, specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found an acquisitive trait expression within species (increase in SLA and decrease in LDMC) in response to increased soil P supply and a conservative trait expression (decrease in SLA and increase in LDMC) in response to an increase in total community biomass. Importantly, the trait responses to the environmental context were generally consistent for species representing very different resource-use strategies and growth forms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species responded with a shift from an acquisitive to a conservative trait expression in response to limited resources; i.e., driven by a decrease in soil phosphorus concentration or an increase in total community biomass. Unexpectedly, the intraspecific variability in response to the changing environmental conditions was not clearly mediated by the species’ strategy. These findings show that plant ecological strategies are probably not the main driver for intraspecific trait variability in an experimental grassland community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, floristic composition, and distribution of swamp forests across a white-water flood-plain in the Colombian Amazon","authors":"Ligia E. Urrego,&nbsp;Mariana Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Mauricio Sánchez,&nbsp;Daniel Elejalde,&nbsp;Alex Correa-Metrio","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The fluvial dynamics of meandering white-water rivers of Amazonia drive vegetation primary succession. Directional successional processes have been recorded for the seasonal <i>várzea</i> forests that occupy well-drained soils on levees and point bars across the spatial gradient of the flood-plains. However, the types of forests occupying the swampy depressions interspersed between the point bars and their distribution along the flood-plain's spatial gradient are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to unravel the spatial patterns of swamp forests along the sequence defined by an axis perpendicular to the river and the relationship with edaphic and spatial factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The flood-plains of the middle Caquetá River basin, Colombian Amazonia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forest types were identified by cluster analysis performed on 42 square plots (33 m × 33 m) set in poorly drained depressions of the flood-plain. Floristic composition and vegetation structure as response data, and edaphic and spatial variables as predictors, were analyzed through partial redundancy analysis (pRDA). The effect of geographic position was included by using the first two axes of a principal coordinates of neighbor matrix analysis as conditional factors in the pRDA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The three identified swamp forest types were not arranged along a directional spatial pattern. Permanent <i>várzea</i> forests, closest to the river, showed the greatest diversity and alluvial sediment input. <i>Oxandrales</i>, furthest from the river, dominated by <i>Oxandra polyantha</i>, showed the greatest tree density, basal area and soil sand content, and received additional flooding from black-water streams. <i>Cananguchales</i>, dominated by <i>Mauritia flexuosa</i>, exhibited the highest dominance and soil organic matter layer thickness. Distribution of the permanent <i>várzea</i> and <i>oxandrales</i> was relatively constrained by the distance to the river, whereas that of the <i>cananguchales</i> was not.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flooding dynamics delay vegetation development of the swamp forests in permanent <i>várzea</i> and <i>oxandrales</i>. <i>Cananguchales</i> keep accumulating organic matter, becoming ombrotrophic peats after isolation from the river flooding influence. The swamp forests across these flood-plains are far from being arranged along a linear sequence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of microclimatic buffering in relict alpine communities","authors":"Borja Jiménez-Alfaro,&nbsp;Eduardo Fernández-Pascual,&nbsp;Clara Espinosa Del Alba,&nbsp;Corrado Marcenò","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13242","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Questions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In alpine landscapes, topography creates a mosaic of microclimatic niches that might prevent local extinctions, but the influence of this spatial heterogeneity on plant communities is largely unknown. Here we ask (1) how soil microclimatic variation is comparable at temporal and spatial scales, and (2) how such variation influences species composition and local extinctions in relict alpine communities.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Picos de Europa National Park, northern Spain.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We resurveyed permanent plots in four alpine sites following the recording of soil temperatures (temporal survey) for 10 years. We then sampled the spatial variation in species composition and microclimatic temperatures in 80 plots around the permanent plots (spatial survey). We evaluated the variation of six microclimatic indices between the temporal and the spatial surveys, and calculated the temporal trends observed in species cover. We finally predicted local extinction rates under microclimatic scenarios based on the observed microclimate–community relations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Despite high interannual variation, we found a 10-year trend of temperature warming on (microridge) fellfields and (microvalley) snowbeds. Microclimatic variation was larger in space than in time, with little temperature variation in snowbeds and extreme low temperatures recorded in fellfields. Species composition was mainly influenced by growing degree days (GDD) and freezing degree days (FDD), which were both related to snow cover duration. Plant cover of 16 species (out of 36 frequent species) showed significant responses to microclimatic variation. Local extinctions were mainly predicted under relatively hotter and more freezing conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results support the idea that microclimatic spatial heterogeneity can reduce the negative influence of climate change on alpine plant communities. However, a continuous reduction of snow cover will result in a tipping point beyond which the buffer effect of this spatial heterogeneity will not be effective in protected microsites, leading to community homogenization. This process may have started in relict alpine communities where species from snowy microclimates are being outcompeted by species adapted to below-zero winter temperatures.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvs.13242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dispersal and geomorphology on riparian seed banks and vegetation in a boreal stream","authors":"Jacqueline H. T. Hoppenreijs,&nbsp;Lovisa Lind,&nbsp;R. Lutz Eckstein","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13240","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Question</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Riparian vegetation and seed banks are the foundation of functional riparian zones, yet insight in the processes that explain their composition is limited. We tested three theories fundamental to dispersal and environmental filtering of riparian seed banks and vegetation. Combining these theories, we expected hydrochory to lead to increased species richness downstream in both soil seed bank and vegetation with accumulation restarting after a lake section, and geomorphological filtering to lead to higher similarity of seed bank and vegetation composition locally and within lakes, slow-flowing sections and rapids, respectively, than between them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Svartån, a free-flowing river in central Sweden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We surveyed riparian vegetation and conducted a germination experiment on riparian soil seed bank cores from lakes, slow-flowing sections and rapids. We combined these with trait data on seed dispersal syndromes, floating capacity of seeds and seed longevity. We analysed differences throughout the system with linear models and between process domains with Kruskal–Wallis tests and similarity in community composition with the Horn–Morisita similarity index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicated that species richness did not increase downstream and was relatively similar throughout lakes, slow-flowing sections and rapids for both riparian seed banks and vegetation. Seed floating capacity was similar throughout these river sections, too, and seed longevity was higher in seed banks than in vegetation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geomorphology and hydrochory were not as important drivers in this area for riparian seed bank and vegetation composition as expected. In the area and on the scale studied here, other local and regional environmental factors and dispersal syndromes are more likely to be determinants of riparian dynamics and composition. Continued studies of riparian seed banks can help improve our understanding of riparian composition and functioning in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvs.13240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140096539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological indicator values of understorey plants perform poorly to infer forest microclimate temperature","authors":"Eva Gril,&nbsp;Fabien Spicher,&nbsp;Alain Vanderpoorten,&nbsp;Germain Vital,&nbsp;Boris Brasseur,&nbsp;Emilie Gallet-Moron,&nbsp;Vincent Le Roux,&nbsp;Guillaume Decocq,&nbsp;Jonathan Lenoir,&nbsp;Ronan Marrec","doi":"10.1111/jvs.13241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.13241","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Question</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ecological indicator values (EIVs) reflect species‘ optimal conditions on an environmental gradient, such as temperature. Averaged over a community, they are used to quantify thermophilization stemming from climate change, i.e. the reshuffling of communities toward more warm-adapted species. In forests, understorey plant communities do not keep up with global warming and accumulate a climatic debt. Although the causes are still debated, this thermal lag may be partly explained by forest microclimate buffering. For the first time, we test whether community means of EIVs are able to capture microclimate (here, under forest canopies) temperature across, or also within forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>157 forest plots across three French deciduous forests covering a large macroclimatic gradient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess whether EIVs can be used to infer the mean and range of microclimate temperature in forests, we measured understorey air temperature for ca. 1 year (10 months) with sensors located 1 m above the ground. We surveyed bryophytes and vascular plants within 400-m² plots, and computed floristic temperature from ordinal-scale EIVs (Ellenberg, Julve) and degree-scale EIVs (ClimPlant, Bryophytes of Europe Traits) for both temperature and continentality, i.e. temperature annual range. Finally, we fitted linear models to assess whether EIVs could explain the mean and range of microclimate temperature in forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plant and bryophyte communities successfully reflected differences in mean annual temperatures across forests but largely failed to do so for microclimate variation within forests. Bryophytes did not perform better than vascular plants to infer microclimate conditions. The annual range of microclimate temperatures was poorly associated with ordinal-scale EIVs for continentality but was positively correlated with degree-scale EIVs for annual range within lowland forests, especially for vascular plant communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, the capabilities of EIVs to infer microclimate was inconsistent. Refined EIVs for temperature are needed to capture forest microclimates experienced by understorey species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vegetation Science","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvs.13241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140063774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}