Laeknabladid最新文献_第9页

[Perinatal outcomes of preterm births occuring to native-born and migrant mothers in Iceland]. [冰岛本地出生母亲和移民母亲早产的围产期结果]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.03.784

Asdis Bjork Gunnarsdottir, Thordur Thorkelsson, Ragnheidur I Bjarnadottir, Embla Yr Gudmundsdottir

{"title":"[Perinatal outcomes of preterm births occuring to native-born and migrant mothers in Iceland].","authors":"Asdis Bjork Gunnarsdottir, Thordur Thorkelsson, Ragnheidur I Bjarnadottir, Embla Yr Gudmundsdottir","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.03.784","DOIUrl":"10.17992/lbl.2024.03.784","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and perinatal outcomes of preterm births in Iceland during 1997-2018 and compare outcomes of Icelandic and migrant mothers.Methods: The population in this historical population-based cohort study was all preterm (p<37 weeks gestation) live-born singletons born in Iceland from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2018 and their mothers; a total of 3837 births. Data was obtained from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry. The group of migrant women was defined as women with other citizenship than Icelandic. Migrant women were divided into three groups based on their country of citizenship Human Development Index (HDI). Both descriptive and analytical statistics were used in data processing.Results: The incidence of preterm births in Iceland increased during the study period (3,9% 1998-2001 vs. 4,5% 2012-2018, p<005) and was significantly higher among migrant mothers, especially from countries with the lowest HDI (OR 1,49 (CI 1,21-1,81) p<,001). Infants of mothers from countries with the lowest HDI had a significantly lower prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome compared with infants of Icelandic mothers (4,5% vs. 11,4%, p=0,035) meanwhile infants of mothers from countries with a medium high HDI were more often small for gestational age compared with infants of Icelandic mothers (11,4% vs. 6,9%, p=0,021).Conclusion: Preterm births have become more common in Iceland and the incidence is significantly higher among migrant mothers, however the outcomes of preterm infants are generally good and mostly comparable between Icelandic and migrant mothers.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 3","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[General Practicioners Activist Group]. [全科医生活动小组]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.03.782

Gunnar Thor Geirsson

引用次数: 0

[Rare diseases in Iceland]. [冰岛的罕见疾病]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.03.783

Olof Jona Eliasdottir

引用次数: 0

[Insulin Resistance and Abnormalities in Blood Values of Icelandic Children Receiving Obesity Treatment]. [接受肥胖症治疗的冰岛儿童的胰岛素抵抗和血值异常]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.02.780

Anna Run Arnfridardottir, Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir, Anna Sigridur Olafsdottir, Berglind Brynjolfsdottir, Ragnar Bjarnason, Tryggvi Helgason

{"title":"[Insulin Resistance and Abnormalities in Blood Values of Icelandic Children Receiving Obesity Treatment].","authors":"Anna Run Arnfridardottir, Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir, Anna Sigridur Olafsdottir, Berglind Brynjolfsdottir, Ragnar Bjarnason, Tryggvi Helgason","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.02.780","DOIUrl":"10.17992/lbl.2024.02.780","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Worldwide, the rates of childhood obesity have risen dramatically in recent decades. Obesity may cause serious sequelae during childhood and throughout adulthood. Insulin resistance is prevalent metabolic abnormality in pediatric obesity. The Pediatric Obesity Clinic was established in 2011 at the Children's Medical Center, Landspítali University Hospital. This study aimed to observe metabolic abnormalities and insulin resistance in blood values of children receiving obesity treatment.Methods: The study included all children (n = 180) who received obesity treatment at The Pediatric Obesity Clinic between 2016 and 2020 and had at least eight out of the nine following serum values analyzed while fasting: HbA1c, glucose, insulin, ALAT, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, TSH and free T4. HOMA-IR value was calculated from insulin and glucose values. Decreased insulin sensitivity was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.42.Results: 84% of the children had at least one abnormality in their tested blood values. 50% had abnormal insulin values and 44% had abnormal ALAT values. 78% had decreased insulin sensitivity, and their mean HOMA-IR was 7.3 (± 5.0), surpassing twice the normal value.Conclusion: A large majority of the children undergoing obesity treatment already exhibited signs of metabolic sequelae during their treatment. The prevalence of affected children has increased compared to a similar study conducted in 2013. Of particular concern is the growing number of children with decreased insulin sensitivity. Proper measures must be taken to combat this alarming trend.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 2","pages":"79-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Increasing the number of medical students at the University of Iceland: challenges and working plan]. [增加冰岛大学医科学生人数：挑战和工作计划]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.02.778

Thorarinn Gudjonsson

引用次数: 0

[Incidence and outcomes of perioperative myocardial infarction associated with coronary artery bypass surgery]. [与冠状动脉搭桥手术相关的围手术期心肌梗死的发生率和预后]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.02.781

Sunna Run Heidarsdottir, Leon Arnar Heitmann, Erla Liu Ting Gunnarsdottir, Sunna Lu Xi Gunnarsdottir, Egill Gauti Thorsteinsson, Arni Johnsen, Anders Jeppsson, Tomas Gudbjartsson

{"title":"[Incidence and outcomes of perioperative myocardial infarction associated with coronary artery bypass surgery].","authors":"Sunna Run Heidarsdottir, Leon Arnar Heitmann, Erla Liu Ting Gunnarsdottir, Sunna Lu Xi Gunnarsdottir, Egill Gauti Thorsteinsson, Arni Johnsen, Anders Jeppsson, Tomas Gudbjartsson","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.02.781","DOIUrl":"10.17992/lbl.2024.02.781","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) after CABG can contribute to in-hospital morbidity and mortality, however, its clinical significance on long-term outcome, remains inadequately addressed. We studied both 30-day mortality and long-term effects of PMI in Icelandic CABG-patients.Materials and methods: A retrospective nationwide-study on 1446 consecutive CABG-patients operated at Landspitali in Iceland 2002-2018 without evidence of preoperative myocardial infarction. PMI was defined as a tenfold elevetion in serum-CK-MB associated with new ECG changes or diagnostic imaging consistent with ischemia. Patients with PMI were compared to a reference group with uni- and multivariate analyses. Long-term and MACCE-free survival were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and logistic regression used to determine factors associated with PMI. The mean follow-up time was 8.3 years.Results: Out of 1446 patients 78 (5.4%) were diagnosed with PMI (range: 0-15.5%) with a significant annual decline in the incidence of PMI (12.7%, p<0.001). Over the same period preoperative aspirin use increased by 22.3% (p<0.018). PMI patients had a higher rate of short-term complications and a 11.5% 30-day mortality rate compared to 0.4% for non-PMI patients. PMI was found to be a predictor of 30-day mortality (OR 15.44, 95% CI: 6.89-34.67). PMI patients had worse 5-year MACCE-free survival (69.2% vs. 84.7, p=0,01), although overall survival was comparable between the groups.Conclusions: Although PMI after CABG is associated with significantly higher rates of short-term complications and 30-day mortality, long-term survival was similar to the reference group. Therefore, the mortality risk attributable to PMI appears to diminish after the immediate postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 2","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Treatment of obesity, where does it belong?] [肥胖症的治疗，该何去何从？］

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.02.779

Gudrun Thuridur Hoskuldsdottir

引用次数: 0

[Medication certificate]. [用药证明]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.01.774

Sigridur Bjornsdottir

引用次数: 0

[Lower Limb Amputations in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease and/or Diabetes in Iceland 2010-2019; revascularisation, comorbidities and risk factors]. [2010-2019年冰岛外周动脉疾病和/或糖尿病患者下肢截肢情况；血管再通、合并症和风险因素]。

IF 0.6 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.01.776

Solrun Dogg Arnadottir, Gudbjorg Palsdottir, Karl Logason, Ragnheidur Harpa Arnardottir

{"title":"[Lower Limb Amputations in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease and/or Diabetes in Iceland 2010-2019; revascularisation, comorbidities and risk factors].","authors":"Solrun Dogg Arnadottir, Gudbjorg Palsdottir, Karl Logason, Ragnheidur Harpa Arnardottir","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.01.776","DOIUrl":"10.17992/lbl.2024.01.776","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: No recent studies exist on lower extremity amputations (LLAs) in Iceland. The aim of this study was to investigate LLA incidence in Iceland 2010-2019 and preceding procedures in amputations induced by peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).Material and methods: Retrospective study on clinical records of all patients (>18 years) who underwent LLA in Iceland's two main hospitals during 2010-2019. Patients were excluded if LLA was performed for reasons other than DM and/or PAD. Symptoms, medication and circulation assessment were recorded from first hospital visit due to symptoms, and prior to the last LLA, respectively. Previous arterial surgeries and amputations were also recorded.Results: A total of 167 patients underwent LLA. Thereof, 134 (77 ± 11 years, 93 men and 41 woman) due to DM and/or PAD. The LLA-rate due to those diseases increased from 4.1/100,000 inhabitants in 2010-2013 to 6.7/100,000 in 2016-2019 (p=0,04). Risk factors were mainly hypertension, 84%, and smoking, 69%. Chronic limb-threatening ischemia induced 71% of first hospital visits. Revascularisations were performed (66% endovascular) in 101 patients. Non-diabetic patients were 52% and had statins less frequently prescribed than DM patients (26:45, p<0.001).Conclusion: DM and/or PAD are the leading causes of LLA in Iceland. Amputation rate increased during the period but is low in an international context. Amputation is most often preceded by arterial surgery. DM is present in almost half of cases, similar or less than in most other countries. Opportunities for improved prevention should aim on earlier diagnosis and preventive treatment of non-diabetic individuals with PAD.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 1","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Congratulations to Icelandic doctors - The 110th year of publication of The Icelandic Medical Journal]. [祝贺冰岛医生--《冰岛医学杂志》创刊 110 周年]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.01.773

Helga Agusta Sigurjonsdottir

引用次数: 0