Laeknabladid最新文献_第10页

[Levels of mercury in hair among pregnant women in Iceland]. [冰岛孕妇头发中的汞含量]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.03.733

Edda Dufthaksdottir, Eva Jacobsen, Asa Valgerdur Eiriksdottir, Ola Kally Magnusdottir, Kristin Olafsdottir, Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson

{"title":"[Levels of mercury in hair among pregnant women in Iceland].","authors":"Edda Dufthaksdottir, Eva Jacobsen, Asa Valgerdur Eiriksdottir, Ola Kally Magnusdottir, Kristin Olafsdottir, Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2023.03.733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2023.03.733","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To limit exposure to methylmercury several countries have implimented specific advice on fish intake to pregnant women as well a measuring compliance through regular human biomonitoring. Despite fish intake being relatively high in Iceland, human biomonitoring data on mercury is scarce.Materials and mehods: We measured mercury in hair from 120 pregnant women recruited in 2021 from the the Reykjavik Capital area. At recruitment, information on fish intake during the past four months was recorded. Hair mercury concentrations were compared to existing health based guidance values and associatons with fish intake was explored.Results: Mean (standard deviation) mercury concentration in hair was 0.48 μg/g (0.33). All participants had concentrations in hair below 1.8 μg/g, which corresponds to the hair value that the tolerable daily intake set by the European Food Safety Authority is derived from, while 5% had concentrations above 1.1 μg/g, which corresponds to the hair value that the US-EPA reference dose is derived from. Mean mercury concentrations in hair increased in a dose dependent manner (p for trend p<0.001) from 0.25 μg/g among women who consumed fish ≤ 3/month (n=24) and up to 0.80 mg/g among those consuming fish 3-4/ week (n=16). The few (n=3) women who reported to have eaten shark (p<1/month) were all at the higher end of the exposure distribution.Conclusion: Our results suggest that exposure is generally below the tolerable daily intake set by EFSA but may in some women exceed the reference dose established by the US-EPA.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"109 3","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Food safety and food security during pregnancy]. 【孕期食品安全与食品保障】。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.03.732

Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir

引用次数: 0

[Maternal death in Iceland 1976-2015]. [1976-2015年冰岛孕产妇死亡情况]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.03.734

Hera Birgisdottir, Thor Aspelund, Reynir Tomas Geirsson

{"title":"[Maternal death in Iceland 1976-2015].","authors":"Hera Birgisdottir, Thor Aspelund, Reynir Tomas Geirsson","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2023.03.734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2023.03.734","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maternal deaths are rare and an indirect measure of the societal framework surrounding pregnancy and childbirth. We surveyed and classified maternal mortality in Iceland using international guidelines, calculating changes over a 40-year period.Material and methods: Information from Statistics Iceland on women aged 15-49 years who died in 1985-2015 were cross-checked against birth registration and hospital admission data to identify women who died in pregnancy or ≤42 and within 43-365 days from birth or termination of a pregnancy. Data for 1976-1984 were searched manually. Case records and autopsy reports were scrutinized. Deaths were classified as direct, indirect or coincidental and as early or late.Results: Among 1600 women 48 died in pregnancy or within a year after pregnancy. Births totaled 172369 and overall maternal mortality was 27.8/100.000 births. Maternal mortality by World Health Organization criteria (direct/indirect ≤42 days) occurred in 14 instances giving a maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 8.1/100.000. Rates lowered between the first and last 10-year periods, particularly initially followed by a lesser downward trend. Direct deaths were 6, indirect 20, coincidental 22 (accidents, diseases). Causes of direct deaths were severe preeclampsia, pulmonary embolism and choriocarcinoma. Underlying causes of indirect deaths included cancer, diabetes, brain/heart conditions and suicide. No deaths occurred from ectopic pregnancy, hemorrhage or anesthesia.Conclusions: Maternal mortality in Iceland is among the lowest reported. Women died because of the pregnancy, from worsening of underlying conditions or coincidentally. Risk groups require better support. Continued attention to adverse health connected to maternity is essential.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"109 3","pages":"134-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Clinical research and the importance of having your own data]. [临床研究和拥有自己数据的重要性]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.03.731

Einar S Bjornsson

引用次数: 0

[Resistant hypertension - pheochromocytoma]. [顽固性高血压-嗜铬细胞瘤]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.03.735

Krister Blaer Jonsson, Eirikur Orri Gudmundsson, Margret Sigurdardottir, Jon Johannes Jonsson, Helga Agusta Sigurjonsdottir

引用次数: 0

[Adult chronic pain in relation to psychological trauma in childhood]. [成人慢性疼痛与童年心理创伤的关系]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.02.728

Vigdis Hlif Palsdottir, Thorbjorg Jonsdottir, Gudmundur Kristjan Oskarsson

{"title":"[Adult chronic pain in relation to psychological trauma in childhood].","authors":"Vigdis Hlif Palsdottir, Thorbjorg Jonsdottir, Gudmundur Kristjan Oskarsson","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2023.02.728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2023.02.728","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic pain is a health problem that is one of leading cause of disability. Studies have shown that various aspects of a person's history, such as difficult experiences in early life, can affect lifestyle and health later. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between chronic pain, adverse childhood experience (ACE) and violence in adulthood in the general population of Iceland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study. The sample was 12.400 individuals, 18-80 years of age, randomly selected from respondents' group of the data collection company MASKINA (National Portal). Data on chronic pain, ACE and experience of violence in adulthood were examined. Statistical processing was carried out in IBM SPSS Statistics 28th edition. RESULTS: Response rate was 44.8% (female 57.1%, M=56 years). Prevalence of chronic pain (≥3 months) was 40.1%. A total of 91.1% of participants answered questions about ACE, of which 16.1% ≥4 ACE-scores. There was a positive relationship between ACE and chronic pain (OR = 1.675, 95% CI: 1.420 - 1.977). Those who had ≥4 ACE-scores were more likely to have experienced violence in adulthood. CSONCLUSION: The results of this study show that chronic pain and violence in adulthood can be associated with psychological childhood trauma. People who experience psychological childhood trauma and violence in adulthood are more likely to suffer from chronic pain. It is important to be aware of experiences of childhood psychological trauma and violence when people seek healthcare for chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"109 2","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10632696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[More research is needed for pregnancy outcomes of women of foreign origin]. [需要对外国女性的怀孕结果进行更多的研究]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.02.726

Hulda Hjartardottir

引用次数: 0

[Iodine intake of two-year-olds and adults in Iceland and estimation of the effect of using iodized salt in breads]. [冰岛两岁儿童和成人的碘摄入量以及在面包中使用加碘盐的效果的评估]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.02.730

Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir, Ari J Johannesson, Johanna Eyrun Torfadottir, Zulema Sullca Porta, Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir, Holmfridur Thorgeirsdottir

{"title":"[Iodine intake of two-year-olds and adults in Iceland and estimation of the effect of using iodized salt in breads].","authors":"Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir, Ari J Johannesson, Johanna Eyrun Torfadottir, Zulema Sullca Porta, Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir, Holmfridur Thorgeirsdottir","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2023.02.730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2023.02.730","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Insufficient iodine status was recently identified in pregnant women in Iceland. Iodine fortification of salt is widely used to decrease the risk of iodine deficiency disorders, but the use of iodized salt has not been recommended in Iceland. The aim was to describe iodine intake among Icelandic adults and two-year-olds and estimate the effect of using iodized salt in bread.Material and methods: Iodine intake was assessed using data from the Icelandic National Dietary Survey 2019-2021 (18-80 years, n=822) and a study of two-year-old children (n=124). Data on bread intake was used to estimate expected iodine intake if iodized salt was used in bread. The results are compared with recommended iodine intake (90 µg/day for two-year-olds and 150 µg/day for adults) and upper intake level (200 µg/day and 600 µg/day, respectively).Results: Average iodine intake was 88 µg/day for children and 134 µg/day for adults. If all types of bread consumed would contain 20 µg of iodine in 100 grams, the average iodine intake would increase to 99 and 153 µg/day, respectively. With higher bread iodine content, >5% of two-year-olds would exceed the upper intake level, while concentration up to 70 µg/100 grams of bread would result in iodine intake below the upper intake level for adults.Conclusion: Use of iodized salt in bread corresponding to 20µg of iodine in 100 grams of bread seems safe for young children in Iceland. However, based on the current dietary habits, adding this amount of iodine to bread would not be sufficient to secure optimal intake of iodine in all adults.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"109 2","pages":"82-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

[A growing tree of need in a small flower-pot for cure]. [在一个小花盆里生长的需要治疗的树]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.02.727

Svanur Sigurbjornsson

引用次数: 0

[Preterm birth among Icelandic and migrant women in Iceland during 1997-2018 and main contributing factors]. [1997-2018年冰岛和移民妇女早产情况及主要影响因素]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2023.02.729

Embla Yr Gudmundsdottir, Lilja Vigfusdottir, Helga Gottfredsdottir

{"title":"[Preterm birth among Icelandic and migrant women in Iceland during 1997-2018 and main contributing factors].","authors":"Embla Yr Gudmundsdottir, Lilja Vigfusdottir, Helga Gottfredsdottir","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2023.02.729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2023.02.729","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Migrant women often experience worse perinatal outcomes during pregnancy, birth, and puerperium than native women, but results regarding preterm birth vary. The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence and risk factors of preterm birth among Icelandic and migrant women in Iceland.Material and methods: The study was a population-based cohort study with data from the Icelandic Medical Birth Register. The cohort included all women who had a singleton birth from 22w0d to 36w6d of pregnancy in the years 1997-2018, a total of 89 170 women. The group was divided in two; women with an Icelandic citizenship and women with foreign citizenship, that were further divided according to the Human Development Index (HDI) of their country of citizenship. Preterm birth rate and risk factor prevalence was analysed according to this classification and significance in differences measured with a chi-square test.Results: Significance in differences of preterm birth was found between Icelandic (4.4%) and migrant women (5.6%) (p<0.001). Migrant women from middle-HDI countries gave birth preterm in 5.5% of cases (p<0.01) and women from low-HDI countries in 6.4% of cases (p<0.001). Migrant women were more often diagnosed with urinary tract infections, diabetes, intrauterine growth restriction and premature rupture of membranes, but less often with pre-eclampsia, obesity, placental defect, mental health issues and age p<18 years (p<0.05).Conclusion: Migrant women in Iceland from middle-HDI and low-HDI countries give birth preterm more often than Icelandic women. A difference in risk factors is also present and needs further research. The findings can be used in continuing development of prenatal care for migrant women in Iceland.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"109 2","pages":"75-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0