Laeknabladid最新文献

[Physicians role in ambulance services].

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2025.02.823

Unnsteinn Ingi Juliusson

引用次数: 0

[Acute airway obstruction from a retropharyngeal hemorrhage].

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2025.02.826

Aaron Palomares, Hjalti Mar Bjornsson

引用次数: 0

[Trigeminal neuralgia - Overview].

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2025.02.825

Olafur Arni Sveinsson, Enrico Bernardo Arkink, Elfar Ulfarsson, Brynhildur Thors

{"title":"[Trigeminal neuralgia - Overview].","authors":"Olafur Arni Sveinsson, Enrico Bernardo Arkink, Elfar Ulfarsson, Brynhildur Thors","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2025.02.825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2025.02.825","url":null,"abstract":"Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common cause of facial pain in individuals over 50 years old and can have a profoundly negative impact on quality of life. Epidemiological studies have measured the annual incidence of trigeminal neuralgia at around 4-5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In Iceland, this would amount to about 16-20 new cases annually. The incidence increases steadily with age, peaking between 50 and 70 years. The pain is sudden and often compared to an electric shock. The attacks usually occur in the second or third branches of the trigeminal nerve. The pain is often triggered by sensory stimulation. Chewing, brushing teeth, speaking, or exposure to cold wind on the face, can all trigger an attack. The most common cause of trigeminal neuralgia is believed to be pressure from a nearby blood vessel on the nerve at its origin in the brainstem. Other underlying causes include multiple sclerosis (MS), tumors and in some cases, no cause is found. Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia involves medication with drugs such as carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, gabapentin, or various types of surgical procedures. This article will review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"111 2","pages":"62-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Should public health policy be part of a city plan?]

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2025.02.824

Lilja Sigrun Jonsdottir

引用次数: 0

[The Nobel prize in medicine - microRNA and gene regulation]. [诺贝尔医学奖- microRNA和基因调控]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.12.816

Eirikur Steingrimsson, Magnus Karl Magnusson

引用次数: 0

[Food as migraine trigger]. [食物引发偏头痛]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.12.818

Hadda Margret Haraldsdottir, Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir, Arora Ros Ingadottir, Olafur Sveinsson

{"title":"[Food as migraine trigger].","authors":"Hadda Margret Haraldsdottir, Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir, Arora Ros Ingadottir, Olafur Sveinsson","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.12.818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2024.12.818","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: Migraine is a neurological disorder that is characterized by severe headaches and temporary motor and sensory disturbances. Migraine triggers are internal or external factors that can increase the likelihood of a migraine attack. Some individuals with migraine associate their attacks with the consumption of certain types of food, but no have been conducted in Iceland. The aim of the study was to estimate the proportion of individuals with migraine in Iceland who associate their symptoms with consuming certain types of food.Methods: An electronic questionnaire was submitted to two groups (≥18 years old), members of the Icelandic Facebook group 'Migreni' (n=395 and to patients being treated by a neurologist (n=108), with the question if they thought certain foods could trigger migraine attacks. A total of 503 opened the survey (19.6% in the Facebook group and 65% managed by a neurologist). Response options were never/rarely, sometimes, often, or always. Other questions included types of migraine, medication use and background.Results: Out of 466 participants, 354 individuals (76%) claimed that food often or always triggered their migraine. The proportion was higher in the Facebook group than in the neurologist group (78% vs. 66%, p=0.007). Red wine and skipping meals (hunger) were the most common food-related triggers, reported as triggers often or always by >50%. Other common food triggers included white wine, liquorice, and smoked meat; they were reported as triggers by 20-50% of participants.Conclusion: Food seems to be a common migraine trigger, and the main food-related triggers were similar to those reported in other studies. However, previous studies have not shown liquorice as a common food trigger for migraines, and smoked meat was found to be a more common trigger than seen in other studies.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 12","pages":"564-570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[New treatment perspectives in chronic kidney disease]. [慢性肾脏疾病治疗的新观点]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.12.815

Fjolnir Elvarsson

引用次数: 0

[SGLT2 inhibitors - A novel treatment for congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease]. [SGLT2抑制剂-一种治疗充血性心力衰竭和慢性肾脏疾病的新方法]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.12.817

Sigridur Birna Eliasdottir

{"title":"[SGLT2 inhibitors - A novel treatment for congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease].","authors":"Sigridur Birna Eliasdottir","doi":"10.17992/lbl.2024.12.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17992/lbl.2024.12.817","url":null,"abstract":"SGLT2 inhibitors increase renal excretion of sodium and glucose by blocking the SGLT2 transporters in the proximal tubule. Not only do they lower blood sugars levels but also have positive effects on blood pressure and weight. They lead to more efficient energy metabolism in the heart and kidneys, increase the production of red blood cells and decrease fibrosis and inflammation in the heart and the kidneys. Large double blind randomized trials have shown both cardiac and renal protective effects. Patient with heart failure, both with reduced and preserved ejection fraction have shown to benefit from treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors. They have lower risk of death due to cardiovascular causes and decreased risk of hospitalization because of heart failure compared to patient treated with placebo both with and without diabetes type 2. SGLT2 inhibitors are shown to decrease risk of chronic kidney disease stage 5 and dialysis, death due of cardiovascular events and doubling of serum creatinine in patients with chronic kidney disease both with and without diabetes type 2. They are now recommended for treatment of heart failure and chronic kidney disease with the highest evidence grade. SGLT2 inhibitors do not increase risk of hypoglycemia or acute kidney injury but do have a serious uncommon adverse effect that are normoglycemic ketoacidosis and Fournier's gangrene that physicians need to be alert to.","PeriodicalId":49924,"journal":{"name":"Laeknabladid","volume":"110 12","pages":"558-563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Independent medical services are one of the cornerstones of icelandic healthcare]. [独立医疗服务是冰岛医疗保健的基石之一]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.09.807

Ragnar Freyr Ingvarsson

引用次数: 0

[Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in adults in Icelandic and international context]. [冰岛和国际背景下的成人嗜酸性粒细胞食管炎 (EoE)]。

IF 0.4 4区医学

Laeknabladid Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.17992/lbl.2024.09.808

Helgi Kr Sigmundsson, Einar S Bjornsson

引用次数: 0