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Colloidal iron staining used for amniotic fluid in lung sections of stillborn infants in histopathology 组织病理学中死产婴儿肺切片羊水胶体铁染色

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102592

Haruka Ikeda, Motoki Osawa, Akio Tsuboi, Shotaro Isozaki, Yu Kakimoto

{"title":"Colloidal iron staining used for amniotic fluid in lung sections of stillborn infants in histopathology","authors":"Haruka Ikeda, Motoki Osawa, Akio Tsuboi, Shotaro Isozaki, Yu Kakimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In forensic pathology, intrauterine amniotic fluid aspiration must be examined in lung sections of a stillborn fetus in late pregnancy. Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry are routinely performed using anti-cytokeratin antibody to detect the components. Colloidal iron staining is another method for acidic mucus polysaccharides. Retrospectively, we examined 15 forensic cases of stillborn and neonatal deaths with autopsies conducted at our department. Colloidal iron staining caused positive features of amniotic mucin in 14 cases, but Alcian blue staining could not be confirmed clearly in 8 cases because of weak color development. For detection of amniotic mucin, colloidal iron staining showed a richer color with contrast than other methods. Moreover, mucin masses were observed in two live-born infants, and in all stillborn infants, one of which was clinically diagnosed as having meconium aspiration syndrome. Non-specific reaction to iron ions such as hemosiderin-phagocytic macrophages might occur in the lung sections. However, colloidal iron staining should be the alternative routine for lung tissue from stillborn infants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 102592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CT-assisted age estimation from the medial clavicular epiphysis in the Greek population according to Schmeling and Kellinghaus classification 根据施梅林（Schmeling）和凯林豪斯（Kellinghaus）的分类法，从希腊人的锁骨内侧骨骺进行 CT 辅助年龄估计。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102589

M.S. Madentzoglou , D. Nathena , V. Sinatkas , A. Karantanas , G. Kontakis , A. Papadomanolakis , E.F. Kranioti

{"title":"CT-assisted age estimation from the medial clavicular epiphysis in the Greek population according to Schmeling and Kellinghaus classification","authors":"M.S. Madentzoglou , D. Nathena , V. Sinatkas , A. Karantanas , G. Kontakis , A. Papadomanolakis , E.F. Kranioti","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Examining the clavicle by macroscopic or radiologic techniques is a well-established method in forensic age estimation in living and dead individuals. The present study examined 196 CT (computed tomography scan) images of native patients from the archive of the medical imaging laboratory of the University Hospital in Heraklion, Crete, in Greece. The ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis was classified according to Schmeling et al. and the extended amplified staging system of Kellinghaus et al. Next, a stage transition analysis was carried out according to the Bayesian model. Probability density functions were calculated using informative priors for age distribution in the total population, deceased and violently deceased individuals. Our study showed that when the medial clavicular epiphysis’ ossification is sorted in stages 4 and 5 in Greek males and females, the cumulative probability of adulthood (≥18 years) is nearly 1. As far as Greek males are concerned, in stage 3c, the cumulative probability of adulthood (≥18 years) is 0.86, and in Greek females in stage 3c, the cumulative probability of adulthood (≥18 years) is 0.97. This is the first study of age estimation based on the ossification of the sternal clavicular end using CT in a Greek population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 102589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic identification of a fatality in a child due to a bite from Deinagkistrodon acutus: A case report 一名儿童因被锋利的deinagistrodon咬伤而死亡的法医鉴定：一份病例报告。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102590

Panpan Zhu , Guohui Xu , Lixia Lv , Yanfei Xia , Ting Li , Kaixuan Guo

引用次数: 0

The role of myocardial bridge of the left anterior descending artery in a sudden death of a ketamine and cannabis user. Addressing the uncertainties on the cause of death in a forensic pathologist’s casework 左前降支心肌桥在氯胺酮和大麻使用者猝死中的作用。在法医病理学家的案件工作中处理死因的不确定性。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102588

Guido Pelletti , Simone Bianchini , Emanuela Mauro , Jennifer Paola Pascali , Chiara Baldovini , Stefania Damiani , Filippo Pirani , Susi Pelotti

{"title":"The role of myocardial bridge of the left anterior descending artery in a sudden death of a ketamine and cannabis user. Addressing the uncertainties on the cause of death in a forensic pathologist’s casework","authors":"Guido Pelletti , Simone Bianchini , Emanuela Mauro , Jennifer Paola Pascali , Chiara Baldovini , Stefania Damiani , Filippo Pirani , Susi Pelotti","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this case report, the role of a myocardial bridge of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and recent use of cannabis in a sudden death of a drug user is discussed, also considering the relevance of histopathological pulmonary findings.</div><div>A 37-year-old man with a history of drug abuse was found dead in his house. External and autoptic examination were performed, as well as histologic and toxicologic analyses of tissues, organs and body fluids samples. Autoptic examination revealed signs of previous endovenous drugs administration and a 0.5 cm deep intramyocardial bridging of a 1.5 cm long segment of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Histo-pathologic examination revealed the presence of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and multiple alveolar macrophages containing brownish pigments. Toxicological analysis of post-mortem blood revealed recent use of ketamine (<0.5 ng/ml) and cannabis derivatives (8.8 ng/ml for THC and 2.2 ng/ml for 11-OH-THC) in a subject with a history of previous abuse of cocaine, MDMA, and ketamine, confirmed through hair analysis. The analysis of forensic literature, thoroughly examined in this paper, along with a comprehensive evaluation of all post-mortem data, indicates that cannabis likely contributed to the cause of death, in conjunction with myocardial bridging. This suggests a dual mechanism involving both cardiac and pulmonary factors. This case could add to the limited body of evidence in the literature and provide insights into the potential contributory role of cannabis in sudden deaths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 102588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rare cases of nitrite poisoning by accidental ingestion: Clinical and medico-legal aspects 意外摄入亚硝酸盐中毒的罕见病例：临床和医学法律方面。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102573

Kamil Synowiec , Tomasz Gawlikowski , Tomasz Konopka , Renata Gajek , Sebastian Rojek

{"title":"Rare cases of nitrite poisoning by accidental ingestion: Clinical and medico-legal aspects","authors":"Kamil Synowiec , Tomasz Gawlikowski , Tomasz Konopka , Renata Gajek , Sebastian Rojek","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports three rare cases of accidental sodium nitrite poisoning, including one fatality, caused by the consumption of aspic purchased from a private vendor. Clinical symptoms included cyanosis, hypotension, and respiratory distress, with methemoglobin (MetHb) levels ranging from 5 % to 41.7 %. Toxicological analysis, performed using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry in the negative chemical ionization mode (GC-NCI-MS), revealed nitrite concentrations in blood samples ranging from 4.2 to 44 µg/mL and nitrate concentrations from 36 to 256 µg/mL. Urine analysis in the fatal case showed nitrite levels exceeding 100 µg/mL. The patients received symptomatic and supportive care, and methylene blue administration was considered in cases with elevated MetHb levels. One patient died despite aggressive resuscitation efforts, highlighting the rapid progression of severe nitrite poisoning. Postmortem findings included characteristic chocolate-brown discoloration of the blood and brown organ tissues, indicative of methemoglobinemia. This study emphasizes the clinical and toxicological importance of early diagnosis and intervention in nitrite poisoning and discusses the medico-legal implications of such cases, including the forensic challenges in interpreting postmortem toxicology results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 102573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postmortem changes in porcine eyes on computed tomography images 死后猪眼睛的计算机断层图像变化。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102568

Motoo Yoshimiya , Sakon Noriki , Shogo Shimbashi , Hideki Uesaka , Hideki Hyodoh

{"title":"Postmortem changes in porcine eyes on computed tomography images","authors":"Motoo Yoshimiya , Sakon Noriki , Shogo Shimbashi , Hideki Uesaka , Hideki Hyodoh","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine eyes were examined using postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) under controlled postmortem time and temperature conditions to assess the mechanisms and timing of changes in ocular structure. Eight porcine heads were halved, and PMCT scans were conducted from postmortem interval (PMI) days 0 to 13. CT images were obtained to evaluate the vitreous volumes, vitreous CT values, axial lengths of the eyes, lens dislocation, and intraocular gas. The vitreous volume decreased over time, with the highest median rate of 17.7 % at PMI 1, followed by 12.0 %, 11.7 %, and 11.3 % at PMIs 6, 7, and 8, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the axial eye length from PMIs 0 to 1, while the transverse diameter remained unchanged. Lens dislocation was observed in all cases at PMI 9. Receiver operating characteristic analysis using the PMI as the predictive value for the presence of lens dislocation revealed a cutoff value of PMI 6, with an area under the curve of 0.98. Intraocular gas was observed in four cases. In two cases with intraocular gas, intravascular gas appeared to be continuous with the intraocular gas via the ciliary body. Lens dislocation occurred 6 days postmortem in porcine eyes at moderate temperatures. Intraocular gas was also observed 6 days postmortem, which may have been caused by the influx of intravascular gas into the eye via the ciliary body. These structural changes in the porcine model, may help in estimating the time of death.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":"Article 102568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An autopsy case of encapsulated acute subdural hematoma presenting as an acute-on-chronic spontaneous subdural hematoma 一个包裹性急性硬膜下血肿的尸检病例，表现为急性慢性自发性硬膜下血肿。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102570

Kazuhisa Funayama , Akihide Koyama , Rieka Katsuragi-Go , Takashi Aoyama , Hiraku Watanabe , Naoya Takahashi , Hisakazu Takatsuka

引用次数: 0

Fatal bear attack in Russian Federation: A case report 俄罗斯联邦致命的熊袭击事件：病例报告

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102556

Nikolaos Angelakopoulos , Igor Valentinovich Vlasyuk , Sudheer Babu Balla , Rizky Merdietio Boedi , Galina Zolotenkova

引用次数: 0

Immunohistochemical and molecular study for differential diagnosis between freshwater and saltwater drowning 用于鉴别诊断淡水溺水和海水溺水的免疫组化和分子研究。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102545

Rehab A. Azouz , Alaa F. Bakr , Marwa A. Ibrahim , Mohamed Y. Mahmoud

{"title":"Immunohistochemical and molecular study for differential diagnosis between freshwater and saltwater drowning","authors":"Rehab A. Azouz , Alaa F. Bakr , Marwa A. Ibrahim , Mohamed Y. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The postmortem identification of drowning in the field of forensic medicine is difficult due to unspecific autopsy findings, and usually, it is a “diagnosis of exclusion”. A model of drowning in salt and fresh water was established to discuss the postmortem changes after drowning and the differences between saltwater drowning (SWD) and freshwater drowning (FWD). The organs (brain and ‘lung) of 30 rats were extracted at three-time points (0 h, 24 h, and 48 h) after drowning. The histopathological, immunohistochemical,l, and molecular changes in the lung and brain of rats at different time points were investigated. Results show no significant difference in pathological findings between fresh and saltwater drowning. Casp3, JNK, and ERK all showed a rise in their postmortem expression in a time-dependent way; the expression of these three genes is much greater in cases of saltwater drowning compared to cases of freshwater drowning. So, it is concluded that after 24 h and 48 h from death, potent cellular oxidative stress occurred and caused the upregulation of the studied genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The utility of drowning site inference through metagenomic diatom analysis 通过元基因组硅藻分析推断溺水地点的实用性。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102548

Hiroaki Nakanishi , Aya Takada , Katsumi Yoneyama , Saki Kodama , Kentaro Sakai , Kazuyuki Saito

{"title":"The utility of drowning site inference through metagenomic diatom analysis","authors":"Hiroaki Nakanishi , Aya Takada , Katsumi Yoneyama , Saki Kodama , Kentaro Sakai , Kazuyuki Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diatom test is one of the methods used to diagnose drowning in forensic autopsies. Metagenomic diatom analysis may reveal where a drowning occurred. We evaluated whether metagenomic diatom analysis could be used to infer waters, watersheds, and geographic locations using 166 water samples from 64 locations (freshwater: 55; seawater: 9). Principal component analysis (PCA) in all samples revealed no specific clusters for waters or watersheds. In one river, the three samples at the same site generally tended to be in close clusters, but there were some cases where the three sites were far from each other. The precise geographic location could thus not be reliably identified. However, PCA of data from dams, lakes, and retention basins revealed sites with independent clusters, suggesting unique diatom compositions. Diatoms of seawater were not detected in freshwater. The high number of <em>Actinoptychus</em>, <em>Chaetoceros</em>, and <em>Skeletonema</em> detected in seawater samples suggested that they are useful for seawater identification. This method required only 2 mL of water; it suggests that this method can be applied to actual samples. In summary, it was difficult to infer the geographic location and waters or watersheds, but the freshwater/seawater distinction could be easily made, and depending on the application, it may be useful in forensic science practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 102548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0