Legal Medicine最新文献

Comprehensive study of various vitamin concentrations in the human postmortem blood with an autopsy case report of beriberi. 人体死后血液中各种维生素浓度的综合研究，以及一例脚气病尸检报告。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102559

Tadashi Hosoya, Kazuki Harada, Jun Kanetake

{"title":"Comprehensive study of various vitamin concentrations in the human postmortem blood with an autopsy case report of beriberi.","authors":"Tadashi Hosoya, Kazuki Harada, Jun Kanetake","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102559","url":null,"abstract":"Using human cardiac blood from forensic autopsy cases, comprehensive measurements of albumin, vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, C, D, folate, and PIVKA-Ⅱ were performed. Of 128 cases, 83 were male, with an average age of 61.8 years and average postmortem interval of 44 h. The average concentrations of vitamins were 29.8 μg/dL for vitamin A, 32.2 μg/dL for vitamin B1, 278 ng/mL for vitamin B6 (pyridoxamine), 152 ng/mL for vitamin B6 (pyridoxal), 57.2 ng/mL for vitamin B6 (pyridoxal), 17.9 ng/mL for folate, 1188 pg/mL for vitamin B12, 23.5 μg/mL for vitamin C, 15.0 ng/mL for vitamin D, and 1.03 μg/mL for PIVKA-Ⅱ. An autopsy case of a Japanese middle-aged male with beriberi was also presented, where severe edema and effusion of the cavity and a high NT-proBNP serum value were observed; however, cardiac pathology showed no specific abnormal features. In the present case, the blood vitamin B1 concentration was within the standard clinical range. This study revealed that bloodborne water-soluble vitamin levels shows higher to clinical standard value at postmortem, whereas fat-soluble vitamin levels may stay in the standard range or lower. Our findings suggest that postmortem water-soluble vitamin concentrations within the clinical standard may reflect low antemortem vitamin concentrations.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suicide by sodium nitrite: Autopsy case report. 亚硝酸钠自杀：尸检病例报告。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102572

Dragan Ječmenica, Snežana Pavlekić, Vladimir Živković, Aleksandra Repić, Suzana Marković, Veljko Milošević

{"title":"Suicide by sodium nitrite: Autopsy case report.","authors":"Dragan Ječmenica, Snežana Pavlekić, Vladimir Živković, Aleksandra Repić, Suzana Marković, Veljko Milošević","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102572","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Suicide by sodium nitrite poisoning (SNP) is not common. In the last decade, an increase in the number of suicides caused by SNP was observed.Case report: A 47-year-old female was found dead in her apartment. Four cups with a yellowish liquid and a scale for precise measurement were found at the scene. Also, an empty plastic bag labeled \"Sodium Nitrite NaNO2\". In the external examination, general signs of asphyxia were noticed. Bluish and slightly brownish hypostasis, which was prominent on the face and thighs, was present. The blood and all tissues were somewhat darker in appearance than usual. Toxicological analysis showed high levels of nitrites, nitrates, methemoglobin, and metoclopramide in blood and stomach content. It was concluded that this was a suicide by SNP.Discussion: Autopsy signs of SNP are nonspecific. The grayish-brown color of the hypostasis is a characteristic sign of SNP but is very subjective and may be missed. Sodium nitrite cannot be legally purchased for domestic use in Serbia. Even though sodium nitrite commerce is strictly regulated, the victim was able to illegally obtain it and use it in combination with the antiemetic drug metoclopramide, which shows the knowledge that exceeds the common knowledge regarding this substance and is an example of suicide committed by intellectuals.Conclusion: Cases of the fatal SNP may present a significant challenge in forensic practice due to their rarity and nonspecific presentation. Without any information about the circumstances of the case, it is often unrecognizable.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age estimation by radiomics analysis of mandibular condylar cone beam computed tomography images. 下颌髁突锥束计算机断层图像放射组学分析的年龄估计。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102560

Aytaç Üzel, Alican Kuran, Oğuz Baysal, Umut Seki, Enver Alper Sinanoglu

{"title":"Age estimation by radiomics analysis of mandibular condylar cone beam computed tomography images.","authors":"Aytaç Üzel, Alican Kuran, Oğuz Baysal, Umut Seki, Enver Alper Sinanoglu","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102560","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the legal age using the parameters obtained from radiomic analysis of the mandibular condyle in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.Material and methods: The study group consisted of 300 mandibular condyles, which were categorized into six groups based on the age of the patients: 8-11 years, 12-14 years, 15-17 years, 18-20 years, 21-23 years, and over 24 years. Each patient's condyle was segmented individually using the 3D Slicer program. Radiomic features were extracted from the segmented images using the SlicerRadiomics plugin. Subsequently, three distinct models were developed with reference to three specific subgroups of the 12-14 age group, 15-17 age group, 18-20 age group and the efficacy of radiomic features in predicting the age of the patient was evaluated.Results: The ROC analysis of the three radiomics scores (RS) yielded AUC values of 0.927, 0.860, and 0.769 for RS12-14, RS15-17, and RS18-20, respectively. The RS12-14 model exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity values among the models, with 88% and 84.4%, respectively.Conclusion: Among the radiomic features extracted from the mandibular condyle in CBCT images, the most significant features, identified based on developed models and their respective coefficients, can be applied to estimate patients' ages. Future studies hold substantial potential for advancing this method, particularly in automating both the segmentation process and the derivation of formulae for age estimation. The use of radiomic features for age prediction presents a promising alternative method for developing fully automated systems in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the Editor regarding the Article "Complex suicides involving the use of firearms and hanging: A retrospective study and review of the literature". 致编辑关于文章“涉及使用枪支和上吊的复杂自杀：文献的回顾性研究和回顾”的信。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102563

Andrea Gentilomo, Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Riccardo Zoja

引用次数: 0

Effective diagnosis of cervical fracture using postmortem computed tomography and autopsy findings. 利用死后计算机断层扫描和尸检结果有效诊断颈椎骨折。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102555

Yoriko Shinba, Yuki Abe, Takanori Kohyama, Masahide Mitsuma, Hiromi Yamashita, Takehiko Murase, Kazuya Ikematsu

{"title":"Effective diagnosis of cervical fracture using postmortem computed tomography and autopsy findings.","authors":"Yoriko Shinba, Yuki Abe, Takanori Kohyama, Masahide Mitsuma, Hiromi Yamashita, Takehiko Murase, Kazuya Ikematsu","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102555","url":null,"abstract":"A common forensic problem is cervical fractures, which sometimes need to be diagnosed only by physical examination of the body, without imaging or autopsy. Despite reports from clinical practice describing the association between cervical fractures and head injury, we could not find any analysis of autopsy cases. In addition, discussion of the cervical fracture diagnosis by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) appears limited. This study aimed to examine autopsy and PMCT findings and explore valid methods for the diagnosis. We analyzed autopsy cases of cervical fractures during the 7 years before (2004-2010) and after (2014-2020) the PMCT introduction in our department. In 2014-2020, 67 autopsy cases with cervical fractures were recorded, of which 61 (91 %) were related to blunt injury to the head. Those with cervical fractures had a significantly higher incidence of blunt injury to the head (p < 0.001), particularly \"forehead\" and \"face\" injury, which accounted for > 50 % of cases. Of the external forces on the neck, \"extension\" accounted for 82.1 %. The cervical fracture-positive rate in all autopsy cases increased significantly from 11 (4.0 %) in 2004-2010 to 67 (8.2 %) in 2014-2020 (p = 0.021). From December 2015 to December 2020, when \"cervical retroflexion\" imaging was actively performed in PMCT, the cervical fracture diagnosis rate increased significantly from 57.1 % in the cervical normal position to 81.0 % with the addition of \"cervical retroflexion\" position (p = 0.021). Blunt head injury and PMCT in the \"cervical retroflexion\" position may be useful in the diagnosis of cervical fractures.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Driving under the influence of drugs - The failed quest of finding medical signs indicative to driving impairment. 在药物影响下驾驶——未能找到表明驾驶障碍的医学迹象。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102567

Varjas Péter Nagy, Viktor Soma Poór, Mónika Kuzma, Mátyás Mayer, Dénes Tóth, Veronika Heckmann, Gábor Simon

{"title":"Driving under the influence of drugs - The failed quest of finding medical signs indicative to driving impairment.","authors":"Varjas Péter Nagy, Viktor Soma Poór, Mónika Kuzma, Mátyás Mayer, Dénes Tóth, Veronika Heckmann, Gábor Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102567","url":null,"abstract":"Motor vehicle accidents (MVA) are the leading cause of death in childhood and young adult age. One of the most important factors behind MVA is driving under the influence of alcohol (DUIA) and drugs (DUID). The importance of DUID is rising together with the increasing drug abuse. The legal approaches to DUID are based on impairment, impairment per se or zero tolerance. In case of impairment, the negative effect of the substance on the driving abilities has to be proven by a forensic expert, which can be challenging. This study compares the medical signs registered during blood sampling with the concentrations of substances detected by toxicological examination to find medical signs indicative of impairment. Statistical analysis did not find a correlation between substance concentration and measured parameters (pupil diameter, blood pressure and pulse rate). No connection was found between substance concentrations and the appearance of medical signs. The results indicate that pupil dilation, heart rate, and blood pressure could not be used as indicators of possible driving impairment by drugs, and no medical sign could reliably indicate the driving impairment by substances other than ethanol.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102567"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Let's "game" it!: Dangerous games, a new health challenge. 让我们“游戏”它！危险的游戏，新的健康挑战。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102562

Laetitia Afonso, Mélanie Voyer, Michel Sapanet, Ghina Harika-Germaneau, Alexia Delbreil

引用次数: 0

Immunohistochemical study of ATP1A3 and plakophilin 2 as new potential markers in the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. ATP1A3和嗜血小板蛋白2作为心肌缺血诊断新标志物的免疫组化研究。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102565

Radu Moldovan, Vlad Andrei Ichim, Vladimir Beliș

引用次数: 0

Toxicological investigation of 25 aconitine-induced deaths from 2005 to 2023. 2005 ~ 2023年乌头碱致死亡25例毒理学调查。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102564

Xinying Wang, Xin Wang, Wei Liu, Hang Chen, Zhen Zhang, Yunli Zhao, Ping Xiang

{"title":"Toxicological investigation of 25 aconitine-induced deaths from 2005 to 2023.","authors":"Xinying Wang, Xin Wang, Wei Liu, Hang Chen, Zhen Zhang, Yunli Zhao, Ping Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102564","url":null,"abstract":"Aconitum herbs contain several highly toxic diester-diterpenoid alkaloids, including aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine. However, finding the cause of death is rather difficult for forensic pathologists during forensic autopsy of aconitine-induced death. Therefore, the ability to determine Aconitum alkaloids is important in these cases. The aim of this study was to review the data for alkaloids in postmortem specimens from 25 aconitine-induced deaths received by the Academy of Forensic Science from 2005 to 2023. Aconitum alkaloids were analyzed using an LC-MS/MS method, which was validated for blood, urine, and liver tissue. Briefly, 0.5 mL (g) of biological sample was subjected to liquid-liquid extraction with diethyl ether at pH 9.2. In 25 aconitine-induced deaths, the blood levels of aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine were 2.9-470 ng/mL (n = 22), ＜LOQ-30 ng/mL (n = 10), and ＜LOQ-5.0 ng/mL (n = 10), respectively. In some cases, other biological samples (e.g., urine, gastric contents, and liver tissue) and the materials seized on site (e.g., homemade medicinal liquor) were also analyzed. A significant positive correlation was observed between the biological samples and the seized materials for the concentration ratios of aconitine to mesaconitine and of aconitine to hypaconitine. The risk of aconite poisoning is increased by inappropriate administration, including drinking of homemade medicinal liquors containing Aconitum alkaloids, the use of unprocessed or improperly processed Aconitum plant material, and excessive consumption or misuse without doctors' directions. Accidental death caused by misuse of herbal drugs was the main cause of death in the 25 aconitine-induced deaths studied here.","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"72 ","pages":"102564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Homicide-suicide as domestic violence: A case report with a little literature review. 作为家庭暴力的杀人-自杀：一个案例报告加上一点文献回顾。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102557

Beáta Ágnes Borsay, Barbara Dóra Halasi, Róbert Kristóf Pórszász, Péter Attila Gergely

引用次数: 0