Legal Medicine最新文献

Research progress and application of the third-generation sequencing technologies in forensic medicine 第三代测序技术在法医学中的研究进展和应用

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102532

Xiaoxin Hu , Jinjie Liu , Tingyu Xu , Kaiyue Qin , Yunpeng Feng , Zhenjun Jia , Xingchun Zhao

{"title":"Research progress and application of the third-generation sequencing technologies in forensic medicine","authors":"Xiaoxin Hu , Jinjie Liu , Tingyu Xu , Kaiyue Qin , Yunpeng Feng , Zhenjun Jia , Xingchun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Third-generation sequencing technologies, exemplified by single-molecule real-time sequencing and nanopore sequencing, provide a constellation of advantages, including long read lengths, high throughput, real-time sequencing capabilities, and remarkable portability. These cutting-edge methodologies have provided new tools for genomic analysis in forensic medicine. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the current applications and cutting-edge trends of third-generation sequencing technologies in forensic medicine, this study retrieved relevant literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and the Web of Science (WOS) database. Using bibliometric software CiteSpace 6.1.R6, the study visualized publication volume, countries, and keywords related to the application of third-generation sequencing technologies in forensic medicine from 2014 to 2023. The review then summarized the foundational principles, characteristics, and promising prospects of third-generation sequencing technologies in forensic medicine. Notably, it highlights their remarkable contributions in forensic individual identification, body fluid identification, forensic epigenetic analysis, microbial analysis and forensic species identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complete aortic rupture following wakeboarding accident 滑水事故后主动脉完全破裂。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102547

Alberto Amadasi, Larissa Amadasi

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of two scoring systems assessing the epiphyseal union at shoulder joint as predictors of chronological age among a sample of Egyptians 评估肩关节骨骺结合的两种评分系统作为埃及人样本中预测年龄的指标

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102546

Asmaa F. Sharif , Hadeel Eid , Mahmoud Abdelaziz Abdelnaby Ghalab , Asmaa Ali Ahmed Elfeky , Mohamed Moharram Badawy , Nagwa Mahmoud Habib , Reham Hassan El-Farouny , Heba A.A. Mabrouk

{"title":"Evaluation of two scoring systems assessing the epiphyseal union at shoulder joint as predictors of chronological age among a sample of Egyptians","authors":"Asmaa F. Sharif , Hadeel Eid , Mahmoud Abdelaziz Abdelnaby Ghalab , Asmaa Ali Ahmed Elfeky , Mohamed Moharram Badawy , Nagwa Mahmoud Habib , Reham Hassan El-Farouny , Heba A.A. Mabrouk","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age estimation has extensive medicolegal implications in civil and criminal identification. Despite the surge in adopting radiological investigations to assess developmental bony changes, the shoulder joint is understudied. A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 283 shoulder radiographs of Egyptians, investigating the reliability of two previously established scores as predictors of chronological age using the epiphyseal maturation of proximal humerus and acromion process. Epiphyseal union of proximal humerus commenced at age of 16.1–17 and completed around 21, while complete acromial union was observed around the age of 20.8. Females significantly preceded males and showed lower mean total Scores A and B at different maturation stages. There was a significant strong positive correlation between the chronological age and the epiphyseal maturation of humerus, acromion and total shoulder scores with correlation coefficients between 0.84 and 0.9. The receiver operating characteristic curves showed significant discriminating power of the total shoulder Scores A and B as predictors of the ages of 14 and 16, with area under curves above 0.9, minimal accuracy of 96.5 % and p values of 0.001. Six proposed models were established where the model <em>“age = 0.318 + (0.388) total shoulder Score A + (2.842) total shoulder Score B + 1.931 (sex)”</em> showed the best significant prediction power of radiographic evaluation of epiphyseal maturation in the proximal humerus and acromion in estimating the ages between 8 and around 20 years (R<sup>2</sup> of 0.812). Applying this model to assess the chronological age, especially if the results from the hand and teeth are inconclusive, is promising.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic and ecological significance of necrophagous insects: Insights from animal carcasses, human cadavers, and myiasis patients 食尸昆虫的法医学和生态学意义：从动物尸体、人类尸体和蠅蛆病患者身上获得的启示

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102544

Swaima Sharif , Chetan Pratap Singh , Bushra Athar , Mohd Kaleem Khan , Ayesha Qamar

{"title":"Forensic and ecological significance of necrophagous insects: Insights from animal carcasses, human cadavers, and myiasis patients","authors":"Swaima Sharif , Chetan Pratap Singh , Bushra Athar , Mohd Kaleem Khan , Ayesha Qamar","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Necrophagous insects, including flies and beetles, play pivotal roles in decomposition, ecology, and forensics. Their diversity and activities vary across environments, necessitating comprehensive studies for understanding and management. The aim of the study is to investigate insect infestation on animal carcasses, human cadavers, and myiasis patients to enhance ecological, forensic, and medical entomological understanding, aiding in ecosystem management, forensic investigations, and disease control.</div><div>Various species of flies and beetles were found associated with animal carcasses, human cadavers, and myiasis patients, as indicated by the comprehensive study. On animal carcasses, notable fly species included <em>Chrysomya rufifacies</em> (Macquart, 1842), <em>Chrysomya megacephala</em> (Fabricius, 1794), <em>Lucilia cuprina</em> (Wiedemann, 1830), and <em>Sarcophaga</em> sp., while beetles such as <em>Dermestes maculatus</em> (De Geer, 1774), <em>Necrobia rufipes</em> (Fabricius, 1781), <em>Saprinus quadrigatattus</em> (Fabricius, 1798), <em>Saprinus splendens</em> (Paykull, 1811), <em>Saprinus optabilis</em> (Marseul, 1855), <em>Saprinus chalcites</em> (Iliger, 1807), and <em>Omorgus</em> sp. (Erichson, 1847) were also observed. Similarly, human cadavers exhibited a presence of flies like <em>Chrysomya albiceps</em> (Wiedemann, 1819), <em>Chrysomya rufifacies</em> (Macquart, 1842), <em>Chrysomya megacephala</em> (Fabricius, 1794), and <em>Sarcophaga dux</em> (Thomson, 1869). In cases of myiasis patients, flies including <em>Chrysomya megacephala</em>, <em>Cochliomyia hominivorax</em> (Coquerel, 1858), and <em>Chrysomya bezziana</em> (Villeneuve, 1914) were identified.</div><div>These findings underscore the diverse range of insect species involved in carcass decomposition, forensic investigations, and medical entomology, illustrating their crucial roles in ecological processes, forensic assessments, and disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring health professionals’ knowledge of end of life in Italy 探讨意大利医疗专业人员对生命终结的认识。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102542

Casella Claudia, Capasso Emanuele, Marisei Mariagrazia, Di Donna Gaetano, Di Lorenzo Pierpaolo, Niola Massimo

{"title":"Exploring health professionals’ knowledge of end of life in Italy","authors":"Casella Claudia, Capasso Emanuele, Marisei Mariagrazia, Di Donna Gaetano, Di Lorenzo Pierpaolo, Niola Massimo","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of medicine and technologies applied to medical knowledge has made it possible to extend patients’ life expectancy by changing the prognosis of certain pathologies and often transforming their outcome. This has made it possible not only to keep a patient alive after acute events (e.g. cerebrovascular accidents, critical conditions linked to major traumas or road accidents) but also to ’chronicise’ certain pathologies. These reflections are within the grasp of health professionals, legal scholars, politicians and ordinary citizens. This study aims to explore health professionals knowledge on terms pertaining to “end of life”, that are often used improperly and interchangeably. It also offers an overview of the degree of knowledge and attitudes of health professionals and students of Medicine and Surgery and of the classes of the health professions, through a cognitive survey carried out by means of a digitalized survey on a Google platform administered by e-mail through the Order of Surgeons and Dentists of Salerno, Naples and Caserta, the Professional Order of Nurses of Naples and the student associations. The results point to the need for end-of-life organic legislation and for the implementation of training and continuing education programmes. It is desirable for the widest possible sample to take part in the survey in order to obtain more meaningful statistical information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unusual pattern of firearm injury to trunk and limbs: Two case reports and review 躯干和四肢受枪伤的不寻常模式：两例报告和回顾

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102543

Hisham Zein-Elabdin , Maha Abd Al Hamied Ghanem

{"title":"Unusual pattern of firearm injury to trunk and limbs: Two case reports and review","authors":"Hisham Zein-Elabdin , Maha Abd Al Hamied Ghanem","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents two cases of fatal injuries from rifled weapons with unconventional shapes of inlets and exits mismatched with the distance of firing. According to forensic literature, in long-distance ranges, we expected to see rounded entry wounds smaller than bullet size, circular in shape without associates with limited damage in the tissues. In the first case, there were large wounds which did not match a distance of more than 2 m, while in the second case, the distance was more than 30 m with large wounds 21 × 10 cm and massive damage to bones and lungs. In the first case, a 25-year-old male, he had multiple wounds in the front of the chest, the first one over the sternum end measuring 9 × 7 cm rounded in shape with fracture of the ribs, sternum and lung laceration. The second wound was 3 × 5 cm in the lateral aspect – mid axillary line and it was superficial due to tangential passage of the missile. In the left thigh, two inlets, each approximately 5 × 7 cm, were seen, the first one over the left iliac bone rounded and the second inlet was in the midshaft of the femur. The exit was below the left gluteus, rounded in shape 5 × 7 cm. The second case a 19-year-old male, he showed single oval wound in the middle third of the back, and it measured 21 × 10 cm. The missile passed tangentially and led to broken ribs and the vertebral column with a lung laceration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research trends on forensic entomology for five decades worldwide 五十年来全球法医昆虫学的研究趋势。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102539

Idha Arfianti Wiraagni , Melodia Rezadhini , Jajar Setiawan , Fajar Sofyantoro , Dwi Sendi Priyono , Nur Indah Septriani , Dyah Aryani Perwitasari

引用次数: 0

Development of Piophila megastigmata (Diptera: Piophilida) at seven constant temperatures 在七种恒定温度下巨喙雉（双翅目：喙雉科）的发育过程

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102541

Yinghui Wang, Jiangfeng Wang, Chengtao Kang, Gengwang Hu, Yi Guo, Yu Wang

{"title":"Development of Piophila megastigmata (Diptera: Piophilida) at seven constant temperatures","authors":"Yinghui Wang, Jiangfeng Wang, Chengtao Kang, Gengwang Hu, Yi Guo, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In forensic entomology, the time-related growth and development of carrion insects allows for the estimation of the minimum postmortem interval (PMI<sub>min</sub>). <em>Piophila megastigmata</em> (Diptera: Piophilidae) is of great significance in estimating PMI<sub>min</sub> in the late stage of corpse decay. In this paper, the development of <em>P. megastigmata</em> was investigated under the seven constant temperatures of 16–34 °C. The total development time at each temperature was 970.38, 824.50, 593.13, 498.25, 392.00, 385.63 and 405.87 h, respectively. The isomorphen diagram shows the trend of development during different developmental stages at different temperatures. By using a revised linear regression model, the estimated lower lethal developmental thresholds (T<sub>L</sub>) and thermal summation constant (K) were found to be 10.57 °C and 6936.78 degree hours, respectively. According to a nonlinear model, the T<sub>L</sub>, upper lethal developmental thresholds (T<sub>H</sub>), and intrinsic optimum temperature (T<sub>Φ</sub>) were determined to be 7.53, 34.68, and20.43 °C, respectively. Also, logistic function and an isomegalen diagram were constructed according to the continuous changes in larval body length, and illustrates the time required to develop to a certain length at different temperatures. The obtained results offer crucial fundamental developmental information regarding <em>P. megastigmata</em>, which can be applied in PMI<sub>min</sub> estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges of the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) estimation in forensic scenarios: Is dental histology an alternative? 法医场景中最小死后间隔（PMImin）估算所面临的挑战：牙科组织学是一种替代方法吗？

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102538

Cindy Maki Sato , Victor Jacometti , Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol , Karina Fittipaldi Bombonato-Prado , Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva , João Paulo Mardegan Issa

{"title":"Challenges of the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) estimation in forensic scenarios: Is dental histology an alternative?","authors":"Cindy Maki Sato , Victor Jacometti , Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol , Karina Fittipaldi Bombonato-Prado , Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva , João Paulo Mardegan Issa","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postmortem interval (PMI) estimates the time since death. Teeth are perennial elements capable of remaining intact in taphonomic environmental circumstances. The objective was to evaluate the feasibility of estimating the minimum postmortem interval (PMI<sub>min</sub>) through histological analyses of dental tissues exposed to burial and drowning conditions, simulating common scenarios in forensic practice. A total of n = 99 teeth were analyzed and divided into four groups: control (T0), one month (T1), three months (T2), and six months (T3). The control sample comprised 10 teeth, while T1, T2 e T3 were divided into three different subgroups: controlled environment, buried, and drowned. For each subgroup, ten samples were used. Following exposure to taphonomic conditions, the specimens were processed, and histological sections were obtained. The two-way ANOVA test and the Tukey’s post-hoc test were employed for the quantitative analysis of dentin collagen fibrils, revealing statistically significant differences (α = 5 %). This allowed for the estimation of the PMI<sub>min</sub> at three months by observing pixel counts exceeding 13e+05 in drowned teeth and greater than 8e+05 in buried teeth. Qualitative analysis revealed that the PMI<sub>min</sub> of drowned teeth was estimated at one month due to the absence of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and at six months due to the absence of predentin and partial degradation of the cementum. For buried teeth, the three-month PMI<sub>min</sub> was indicated by the absence of PDL and partial cementum degradation. The absence of pulp and remnants of predentin characterized the six-month PMI<sub>min</sub>. Qualitative and quantitative histological characteristics and parameters are potential to estimate PMI<sub>min</sub> in forensic scenarios spanning up to six months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Case of a fatal congenital transmesenteric hernia in infancy 一例致命的婴儿先天性跨肠管疝。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102540

Veljko Milošević, Tijana Petrović, Irina Banjanin, Bojana Radnić, Milenko Bogdanović

{"title":"Case of a fatal congenital transmesenteric hernia in infancy","authors":"Veljko Milošević, Tijana Petrović, Irina Banjanin, Bojana Radnić, Milenko Bogdanović","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2024.102540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a case of transmesenteric hernia resulting in the death of a 3-month-old female infant, the seventh such autopsy case reported so far. A three-month-old female infant, who initially presented with two episodes of vomiting, cramps, and constipation, was admitted to the hospital. She received symptomatic therapy and was released home. Immediately after she had been put to bed at home, she stopped breathing. There was no record of previous illnesses in the infant’s medical history. At autopsy, a necrotic segment of ileum and jejunum, length about 50 cm, was found herniated through an oval defect in the mesentery and multiply strangulated. The shock caused by small intestinal obstruction with consequent intestinal necrosis due to strangulation of the small intestine through a congenital mesenteric defect was considered to be the cause of death. In clinical practice, cases of transmesenteric hernias are uncommon, especially in the population of infants and toddlers; however, these can potentially be the cause of serious intestinal obstruction, with a high mortality rate in cases left untreated. Despite the low incidence of this condition, we believe that the clinicians should keep this diagnosis in mind as a potential cause of acute abdomen and pay special attention to revealing the cause of presented symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0