Legal Medicine最新文献_第10页

Injuries and anatomical variations of the female genitalia 女性生殖器的损伤和解剖变异

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102697

Laurence Désirée Wolf , Eva Scheurer , Kathrin Gerlach

{"title":"Injuries and anatomical variations of the female genitalia","authors":"Laurence Désirée Wolf , Eva Scheurer , Kathrin Gerlach","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Female genital injuries are often underreported or misinterpreted, particularly in cases of sexual violence. Until now, most research has focused on injuries caused by sexual intercourse, while injuries arising from everyday activities or anatomical variations have received less attention. This study aims to document genital injuries in healthy women, regardless of sexual assault, in order to contribute to an understanding of genital injury patterns and improve forensic interpretation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A monocentric observational study was conducted including 100 healthy female volunteers (aged 20–70) who underwent a standardized external genital examination including photographic documentation. Data was analysed regarding the presence of injuries and anatomical variations, injury type, and affected anatomical structures. Injuries were categorized as erosions, lacerations, petechiae, and ecchymoses, excluding redness and swelling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Genital injuries were observed in 30% of the participants. Erosions and petechiae were the most common types of injuries, each accounting for 12% of all cases. In terms of the affected structures, the clitoris (32.4%) and the labia majora and minora (23.5% each) were most frequently affected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence, distribution, and characteristics of genital injuries occurring in everyday life. Exposed structures, such as the clitoris and labia, are more susceptible to external accidental trauma compared to anatomically protected areas like the vaginal introitus. By providing information on the frequency of genital injuries, this study contributes to the understanding of genital injury patterns and will help improve forensic assessment in the future, particularly in cases of sexual violence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of fluvoxamine, desmethyl fluvoxamine and fluvoxamine acid by LC–MS/MS in body fluids and solid tissues obtained from a deceased using the standard addition method 采用LC-MS /MS法定量测定死者体液和固体组织中的氟伏沙明、去甲基氟伏沙明和氟伏沙明酸

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102684

Hideki Nozawa , Kayoko Minakata , Itaru Yamagishi , Kenta Yuyama , Masako Suzuki , Osamu Suzuki , Takuya Kitamoto , Minako Kondo , Koutaro Hasegawa

{"title":"Quantification of fluvoxamine, desmethyl fluvoxamine and fluvoxamine acid by LC–MS/MS in body fluids and solid tissues obtained from a deceased using the standard addition method","authors":"Hideki Nozawa , Kayoko Minakata , Itaru Yamagishi , Kenta Yuyama , Masako Suzuki , Osamu Suzuki , Takuya Kitamoto , Minako Kondo , Koutaro Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reports on the quantification of fluvoxamine (FLV) in human tissues have been quite limited, although FLV has been used as an antidepressant since 1986. Fluvoxamine acid (FLA) was shown to be the major metabolite of FLV in human urine in 1983, but its quantification is also limited to only three works using human plasma. The existence of desmethyl fluvoxamine (FLD) in human specimens was recently reported in 2025; therefore, its quantification has not yet been performed. Therefore, the present work deals with the quantifications of FLV, FLD and FLA in the human samples of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial fluid, bile, urine, liver, kidney and cerebrum obtained from a human cadaver; for the quantification, the standard addition method was employed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The three top concentrations of FLV, FLD and FLA were observed in bile > liver > cerebrum, bile > liver > kidney and bile > kidney > urine, respectively. The three top relative ratios of FLD/FLA were observed in cerebrum > liver > bile, and the lowest ratio was observed in urine, and this may be one of the reasons why the previous work on FLV metabolites using urine in 1983 could not detect FLD. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the validated quantification of the new metabolite FLD by LC–MS/MS in the authentic human body fluids and solid tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Postmortem computed tomography-based evaluation of brain decomposition: Correlation with postmortem interval and cause-of-death determinability 基于死后计算机断层扫描的脑分解评估：与死后间隔和死因确定的相关性。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102710

Haruki Fukuda , Hiroyuki Tokue , Miyuki Shiraishi , Takuya Ishikawa , Akari Kimimura , Kensuke Takatsu , Kouji Oka , Rieko Kubo , Tadashi Hosoya

{"title":"Postmortem computed tomography-based evaluation of brain decomposition: Correlation with postmortem interval and cause-of-death determinability","authors":"Haruki Fukuda , Hiroyuki Tokue , Miyuki Shiraishi , Takuya Ishikawa , Akari Kimimura , Kensuke Takatsu , Kouji Oka , Rieko Kubo , Tadashi Hosoya","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accurately estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is essential for forensic investigations. Brain decomposition observed on postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) may provide useful markers to estimate PMI; however, this approach has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to classify and quantify brain decomposition using PMCT findings and to investigate its association with PMI, determinability of cause of death, and environmental factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 176 adult autopsy cases involving preautopsy PMCT. Brain decomposition was classified into five stages using the visual PMCT findings and quantified using brain area-to-length ratios on axial computed tomography slices. Associations between the PMI and determinability of the cause of death were assessed using correlation and regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Brain decomposition stage and quantitative indices showed strong correlations with PMI (<em>ρ</em> = 0.61 to − 0.69), with high predictive performance for estimating PMI ≥ 7–60 days (area under the curves [AUCs]: 0.904–0.984). Brain area ratio showed the highest accuracy for estimating PMI ≥ 60 days (AUC = 0.984, cutoff ≤ 60.7 %). The rate of undetermined causes of death increased from 7.1 % in stage 0 to 92.9 % in Stage IV. Brain deformation ratio was positively correlated with seasonal effects (<em>p</em> = 0.0017).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PMCT-based assessment of brain decomposition may provide objective markers for estimating late PMIs and assist in evaluating the likelihood of cause-of-death in decomposed bodies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of legal medicine in the reconstruction of fatalities due to tractor rollovers: from evidence to proof 法律医学在重建因拖拉机侧翻死亡事故中的作用：从证据到证据

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102711

Ugo Da Broi , Francesco Simonit , Alessio Cappelli , Sirio Cividino , Mauro Zaninelli , Rexson Tse , Jack Garland , Benjamin Ondruschka , Lorenzo Desinan

{"title":"The role of legal medicine in the reconstruction of fatalities due to tractor rollovers: from evidence to proof","authors":"Ugo Da Broi , Francesco Simonit , Alessio Cappelli , Sirio Cividino , Mauro Zaninelli , Rexson Tse , Jack Garland , Benjamin Ondruschka , Lorenzo Desinan","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite advances in engineering solutions, such as rollover protective structures and improved operator training, tractor rollovers in agricultural settings continue to be the main cause of death necessitating medicolegal investigations to reconstruct event dynamics and determine causal attributions. This study examines the distinction between evidence (observational data consistent with a hypothesis) and proof (conclusive data confirming a hypothesis) in the context of fatal tractor accidents. We propose a three-phase logic model which provides a conclusive reconstruction of the events by integrating engineering data, dynamic modelling, death scene analysis and autopsy findings. Careful analysis of the death scene and circumstantial evidence is essential during investigations of rollover dynamics, encompassing operational safety procedures, the technical characteristics of the vehicle, corpse position, autopsy findings, toxicology data, the victim’s medical history and psychophysical condition at the time of the accident occurred. Systematizing such variables within a unified forensic framework enhances the scientific reliability of forensic investigations and the technical reconstruction of the fatality, thus contributing to the development of prevention strategies, liability assessment and the formulation of safety policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atypical suicide by thermal injury to the femoral artery caused by a hot glue gun: A case report and review of the literature 热胶枪致股动脉热伤致非典型自杀一例报告及文献复习。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102721

Greta Seveso, Federica Bagini, Giacomo Belli, Luca Morini, Silvia Damiana Visonà, Giovanni Cecchetto, Luca Tajana

{"title":"Atypical suicide by thermal injury to the femoral artery caused by a hot glue gun: A case report and review of the literature","authors":"Greta Seveso, Federica Bagini, Giacomo Belli, Luca Morini, Silvia Damiana Visonà, Giovanni Cecchetto, Luca Tajana","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Analyzing suicidal behavior and methods is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of this complex phenomenon, which affects over 700,000 individuals annually and ranks among the leading causes of death worldwide. The global scope of this issue explains why suicide represents a significant public health concern and why it is so important to unveil the complex mechanisms behind its occurrence.</div><div>We report a case of a fatal thermal injury to the left femoral artery, self-inflicted with a hot glue gun. The uniqueness of this case lies primarily in the instrument used, which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been reported in the literature as a means of suicide. In fact, the only previously documented case involving a hot glue gun resulted in non-fatal injuries inflicted in a context of maltreatment. Furthermore, the anatomical region involved is unusual, as self-inflicted injuries typically target specific “elective sites” based on the chosen method.</div><div>Forensic experts may occasionally encounter atypical suicide cases involving unusual methods or tools, as well as morphologically peculiar injuries. Reporting such cases is essential for expanding our knowledge of the subject, providing valuable references for medico-legal practice, and improving preventive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal case of Daisley-Barton Syndrome: A case report with Review of the literature 戴斯利-巴顿综合征致死性1例报告并文献复习

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102704

LN. Abisha Tino , Deepu Mathew , Vinod Ashok Chaudhari , P.Keerthi Kumaran , Sanjay Sriram , S. Santhakumar

{"title":"Fatal case of Daisley-Barton Syndrome: A case report with Review of the literature","authors":"LN. Abisha Tino , Deepu Mathew , Vinod Ashok Chaudhari , P.Keerthi Kumaran , Sanjay Sriram , S. Santhakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Daisley-Barton Syndrome is a rare but distinct systemic manifestation of paraquat poisoning, characterized by the development of spontaneous pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum. We report the case of an adult male in his 40 s, who presented with abdominal pain and vomiting following ingestion of approximately 200 mL of paraquat. Initial management included gastric lavage and supportive care. Over the following days, he developed mucosal ulcerations involving the lips, tongue, and oral cavity, along with progressive respiratory distress. Imaging revealed pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. Despite intensive care, the patient died due to respiratory failure. Autopsy revealed extensive pulmonary hemorrhage, necrosis, and diffuse alveolar damage consistent with paraquat toxicity. A literature search was conducted using major databases, and relevant case reports describing Daisley-Barton Syndrome were identified. We compared clinical features, radiological findings, outcomes, and autopsy details, where available. Our case is unique in providing both detailed clinical and autopsy findings. The comparison reinforces the diagnostic significance of spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum as hallmark features of the syndrome and highlights the variability in clinical course and outcomes. This report emphasizes the importance of early recognition and the role of autopsy in confirming diagnosis and understanding the underlying pathophysiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commotio cordis: Insights from a case of blunt chest trauma and a road map for the correct diagnosis 心动症：钝性胸外伤1例及正确诊断指南。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102714

Francesco Calabrò , Alessandra Puggioni , Davide Machado , Valentina Bugelli

{"title":"Commotio cordis: Insights from a case of blunt chest trauma and a road map for the correct diagnosis","authors":"Francesco Calabrò , Alessandra Puggioni , Davide Machado , Valentina Bugelli","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commotio cordis (CC) is a rare cause of sudden cardiac death resulting from a blunt, non-penetrating impact to the precordium, in the absence of underlying cardiac pathology or structural damage. Although most frequently described in adolescents engaged in sports activities, CC may also occur in non-sport contexts. We report the case of a 43-year-old male construction worker who died after being struck in the chest by a slow-moving truck. Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) revealed multiple left rib fractures, costal cartilage fractures, manubriosternal dislocation and pulmonary contusions. Conventional autopsy confirmed the absence of cardiac rupture, coronary disease or pericardial injuries. Histological analysis supported a diagnosis of electromechanical dissociation by fatal arrhythmia.</div><div>In our review of six previously published articles involving similar cases, autopsy was the principal diagnostic tool in all instances. PMCT was employed in only one case, prompted by circumstantial suspicion of child abuse.</div><div>This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary forensic approach, combining PMCT and traditional autopsy to reconstruct the traumatic event and rule out other mechanisms of death. CC remains a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring demonstration of precordial impact, absence of lethal structural injuries, and lack of alternative causes of death on autopsy and toxicological examination.</div><div>PMCT should be strongly recommended in cases of sudden death following blunt thoracic trauma, even when external signs are minimal or absent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences between accidents and suicides in river drowning cases based on forensic autopsy information in a part of Japan 基于日本部分地区法医尸检信息的河中溺水事故与自杀的差异

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102705

Kurumi Kokusho , Ayako Himemiya-Hakucho , Izumi Takase

{"title":"Differences between accidents and suicides in river drowning cases based on forensic autopsy information in a part of Japan","authors":"Kurumi Kokusho , Ayako Himemiya-Hakucho , Izumi Takase","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The number of drowning deaths worldwide is increasing, and preventive measures are being developed on a global scale. However, unlike the global trend, elderly people account for most drowning deaths in Japan, which suggests that unique surveys and measures are required. In this study, we analyzed forensic autopsy cases of river drowning in a part of Japan to reveal the characteristics of the deaths and of finding of the deceased.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively investigated river drowning cases for which a forensic autopsy was performed from 2012 to 2021 in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Various factors were examined statistically for comparison of accidents and suicides.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The accident group tended to be older and many had cognitive impairments or reduced mobility, while the suicide group tended to be younger, with a higher proportion in their 50 s and 60 s. Many cases in both groups occurred within 6 h of the last confirmed contact. The suicide cases were reported as missing more frequently than the accident cases. The accident cases tended to occur in smaller, more familiar rivers, while suicide cases tended to occur in larger rivers further from home. Preventive measures such as guardrails or fences were present in 81.8 % of the suicide cases and 22.0 % of the accident cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the importance of timely searches, innovative preventive measures, and societal awareness focused on people with mental and cognitive problems to address the underlying factors contributing to drowning in rivers due to accident and suicide in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of alcohol concentration in a single drop blood obtained via fingertip using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry coupled with solid-phase microextraction 气相色谱/质谱联用固相微萃取法测定指尖单滴血中酒精浓度

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102699

Koichi Saito, Tomonori Asanuma, Rie Ito

{"title":"Determination of alcohol concentration in a single drop blood obtained via fingertip using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry coupled with solid-phase microextraction","authors":"Koichi Saito, Tomonori Asanuma, Rie Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME)–gas chromatography (GS)/mass spectrometry as a low-complexity method for accurate measurement of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) changes in humans over time following alcohol consumption. The aim was to develop an analytical method that would require as small blood samples as possible—smaller than that required for the conventional method—thereby reducing the burden on the subject. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as the fiber material for SPME, and a DB-WAX capillary column was used for GC. For sample extraction via SPME, 50 µL of blood sample obtained via fingertip puncture was added to a vial already containing 3 mL of 20 % aqueous sodium chloride solution, following which an SPME fiber was inserted into the vapor phase (headspace) of the vial and heated at 70 ℃ for 20 min to sorb ethanol onto the fiber. The experiment for ethanol recovery in whole blood yielded recoveries of 71.1 % when spiked at 100 µg/mL and 95.1 % when spiked at 1000 µg/mL. Blood samples were obtained periodically with consent from a human volunteer who had actually consumed alcohol, and the BAC was shown to decrease with a peak 1.5 h after drinking, confirming the applicability of this method in BAC assessment when compared with the conventional Widmark method. Furthermore, the applicability of this method was also investigated in the case of saliva, which can be collected more easily and non-invasively than blood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A pilot study on the relationship between a variable number tandem repeat polymorphism and monoamine oxidase A protein expression in the human brain 可变数串联重复序列多态性与人脑单胺氧化酶A蛋白表达关系的初步研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Legal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102707

Aya Matsusue , Mio Takayama , Naoto Tani , Brian Waters , Masayuki Kashiwagi , Takaki Ishikawa

{"title":"A pilot study on the relationship between a variable number tandem repeat polymorphism and monoamine oxidase A protein expression in the human brain","authors":"Aya Matsusue , Mio Takayama , Naoto Tani , Brian Waters , Masayuki Kashiwagi , Takaki Ishikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amine neurotransmitters and xenobiotics. The <em>MAOA</em> gene is located on the X chromosome and has a functional variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of 30 bp repeats in the promoter region (<em>MAOA</em>-uVNTR). The <em>MAOA</em>-uVNTR polymorphism has been associated with transcriptional activity. We herein examined the frequencies of <em>MAOA</em>-uVNTR alleles in 21 cases in which amphetamines or psychotropic drugs were not detected in blood or urine samples (ND cases). We also investigated MAOA protein expression levels in the brains of these cases. In ND cases, brain MAOA expression levels were significantly higher in males with 4-repeat alleles and females who were homozygous for 4-repeat alleles (4 + 4/4 genotype group) than in males with 3-repeat alleles and females who were homozygous for 3-repeat alleles (3 + 3/3 genotype group) (<em>p</em> = 0.0395). Collectively, these results indicate that the <em>MAOA</em>-uVNTR polymorphism affects the brain expression level of MAOA in ND cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49913,"journal":{"name":"Legal Medicine","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0