Medicina Del Lavoro最新文献

{"title":"Occupational Safety and Health of Riders Working for Digital Food Delivery Platforms in the City of Milan, Italy.","authors":"Luca Boniardi, Laura Campo, Sofia Prudenzi, Luciano Fasano, Paolo Natale, Dario Consonni, Michele Carugno, Angela Cecilia Pesatori, Silvia Fustinoni","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16278","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid growth of the digital economy has transformed various labor markets, including the food sector. The transient nature and the peculiar work environments of food delivery workers raise concerns about occupational safety and health (OSH). This study aims to better understand these issues by conducting a comprehensive exploratory survey on OSH among food delivery riders in Milan, Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> The study employed structured interviews based on a validated questionnaire developed through a literature review, expert interviews, and input from riders and health and safety professionals. The survey was performed from July to November 2022 by interviewing riders at their main gathering points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We interviewed 240 riders, 97% males, 81% less than 35 years old, and 83% with extra-European origin. Delivery was performed mainly by traditional bicycles (40%) and e-bikes (46%), with 44% working seven days per week and 23% working more than 8 hours daily. Road accidents were reported by 39% of riders, influenced by type of vehicle, fatigue, and number of daily deliveries. Physical and verbal assaults (12% and 28%, respectively) were reported, as well as health-related issues, particularly musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore food delivery riders' complex challenges, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. The study calls for collaborative efforts between policymakers, employers, OSH professionals, and stakeholders to enhance OSH standards and promote decent working conditions, aligning with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor Structure, Psychometric Properties, and Measurement Invariance of the Pandemic Experiences and Perceptions Scale Among Italian Hospital Workers.","authors":"Igor Portoghese, Maura Galletta, Michael P Leiter, Ilenia Piras, Luigi Isaia Lecca, Monica Puligheddu, Marcello Campagna","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16053","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic represented substantial risks to hospital workers' physical and mental health. The availability of validated measures on the impact of the pandemic on workplaces is crucial for developing data-driven interventions. The primary purpose of our study was to translate it into Italian and assess factor structure, psychometric properties, and measurement invariance of the Pandemic Experiences and Perceptions Scale (PEPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The survey was completed by 766 workers from an Italian hospital. We examined the internal structure of the PEPS using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) techniques and testing the invariance for clinical vs. nonclinical workers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The six-factor ESEM solution showed an excellent fit to the data (CFI=0.956, TLI=0.932, RMSEA=0.050), supporting the superiority of the ESEM solution. The factorial invariance of the PEPS across occupational roles (clinical vs. nonclinical hospital workers) was supported, and the ESEM-based McDonald's omega was good for all factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results from this study provided evidence for the factorial validity, reliability, and measurement invariance across occupational roles of the Italian version of the PEPS. Thus, the Italian version of the PEPS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing pandemic experiences and perceptions among Italian workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of a Measure of Evidence-Based Practice in Occupational Health.","authors":"Jani Ruotsalainen, Kati Päätalo, Kari-Pekka Martimo, Tuula Oksanen","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16286","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational Health Services (OHS) are obliged to follow the principles of evidence-based medicine. However, there needs to be tools to measure this. Therefore, we developed and validated a questionnaire for evaluating OHS practitioners' attitudes, competence, and organisational support to perform evidence-based practice (EBP-OHS) following the JBI Model of Evidence-Based Healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The questionnaire's content validity was assessed by 12 experts in the field. Then, an opportunity sample of 549 OHS practitioners completed the questionnaire. We examined the questionnaire's psychometric properties using exploratory factor analysis and subjected it to construct validity and reliability testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The content validity index of the chosen items was 0.78 or higher. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the measure's construct validity was adequate (KMO 0.9). Principal component factor analysis supported a three-factor structure (all eigenvalues 1.3 or more), which explained 60.3 % of the total variance. Aligned with these three factors, the EBP-OHS consists of three domains: Organisational support (seven items), OHS practitioners' competence (six items) and OHS practitioners' attitudes (two items). The scale's reliability is good (Cronbach alpha 0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The EBP-OHS is a valid tool for measuring occupational health services' evidence-based practice and enabling the implementation of research into practice. It embodies the phases of evidence transfer and implementation described in the JBI Model of Evidence-Based Healthcare and translates them into concrete measurable activities in the OHS context.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We Need to Develop, Not Forget, Our Toxicological Knowledge.","authors":"Pietro Apostoli","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16440","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16440","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and Anxiety in Voluntarily Unemployed People: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Ivan Borrelli, Paolo Emilio Santoro, Giuseppe Melcore, Antongiulio Perrotta, Maria Francesca Rossi, Maria Rosaria Gualano, Umberto Moscato","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.15850","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.15850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unemployment impacts people's physical and psychological well-being, and gender and age affect mental health among the unemployed. Despite the correlation between unemployment and negative mental health outcomes being largely investigated in scientific literature, research on voluntarily unemployed individuals is scarce. A systematic review was performed on studies evaluating mental health outcomes in voluntarily unemployed adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA statements, three databases were screened; research articles written in English investigating the relationship between mental health outcomes and employment status were included. The quality of articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search yielded 727 records; 4 studies were included in this systematic review. One study reported voluntarily unemployed people as less depressed than employed and unemployed people, one as more depressed than employed but less than unemployed people, one reported voluntarily unemployed people as less anxious but more depressed than employed and less anxious and depressed than unemployed people, one study reported voluntarily unemployed men as depressed and anxious more often than employed men. Further research should investigate mental health outcomes in voluntarily unemployed people and strategies to bring back these individuals into the workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenge of New Forms of Work, Innovative Technologies, and Aging on Decent Work: Opportunities for Occupational Safety and Health.","authors":"Paul Schulte, Frida Marina Fischer, Ivo Iavicoli, Iracimara De Anchieta Messias, Donald L Fisher, Stephen M Popkin, Maria Carmen Martinez, Teresa Cotrim, Jodi Oakman","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16421","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) can be relevant in achieving the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal of decent work by 2030. However, further OSH actions are needed. This paper identifies the role of OSH in addressing two of many determinants of decent work: new forms of work/innovative technologies and worker aging. The authors conducted a discursive analysis of the two determinants and provided examples for consideration. New forms of work/innovative technologies can not only promote but also undermine the future of decent work, and unhealthy aging impedes longer working lives. With a focus on the OSH aspects of new forms of work/innovative technologies and aging, decent work is more likely to be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nightshift Rotation Schedule and Fatigue in U.K. and Italian Nurses.","authors":"Rosamaria Lecca, Alison Westwell, Elisa Casaglia, Michela Figorilli, Elizabeth Murphy, Monica Puligheddu, Martie Van Tongeren, Pierluigi Cocco","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16244","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i5.16244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whether hours on shift might impact adaptation to night shift work is still controversial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pooled analysis of two studies, including 170 hospital nurses working night shifts, 116 from a United Kingdom study working 12-hour rotating shifts, and 54 from Italy working 8-hour shifts. Both studies used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to detect sleepiness during routine daytime activities as an indicator of fatigue. We compared the prevalence of daytime sleepiness, as indicated by an ESS score≥11, resulting from either shift work schedule. We used logistic regression to calculate the risk of daytime sleepiness associated with 12-hour vs. 8-hour nightshifts, adjusting by age, sex, and parenting children aged≤4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing similar work circumstances, nightshifts prolonged to 12 hours did not increase the risk of daytime sleepiness compared to 8 hours (OR=0.9, 95% CI 0.32, 2.59).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that 12-hour rotating nightshifts with additional rest days and 8-hour rotating shift schedules do not differ in their impact on daytime sleepiness. Further research is warranted on what strategies might effectively contrast fatigue, circadian misalignment, and the related metabolic changes leading to adverse health outcomes, including cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 5","pages":"e2024031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Issues in Assessing Occupational Exposure to Diesel Dust Exhaust.","authors":"Giuseppina Folesani, Monica Gherardi, Maricla Galetti, Pier Giorgio Petronini, Fabrizio De Pasquale, Delia Cavallo, Massimo Corradi","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16100","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Italian Interministerial Decree of February 11, 2021, introduces the diesel engine exhaust (DDE) among the carcinogenic occupational compounds, also establishing an occupational exposure limit. Elemental carbon (EC), improperly called black carbon, has been proposed as a tracer of DDE exposure; EC is the carbon that is quantified in the ambient matrixes after all the organic carbon has been removed; traditionally, EC is measured with a thermo-optical analytical technique. EC determination and relative interpretation are challenging for the following reasons: (i) the scarce availability of equipped laboratories hampers EC analysis, (ii) EC interpretation is not easy due to the lack of reference values. Finally, (iii) the limit value of 0.050 mg/m3 of EC in the workplace appears too high compared to recently published exposure data. All these aspects stimulate a reflection on the significance of EC data in the context of both occupational hygiene and occupational medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 4","pages":"e2024029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Asbestos Exposure and Malignant Mesothelioma Incidence in Emilia-Romagna Italy: A Retrospective Study 1996-2023.","authors":"Fausto Giacomino, Francesco Marinelli, Isabella Bisceglia, Marco Cacchi, Cinzia Storchi, Carmine Pinto, Lucia Mangone, Antonio Romanelli, Fortunato Morabito","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16005","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare but lethal cancer strongly associated with asbestos exposure. This retrospective study examines trends in asbestos exposure in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy. Between 1996 and 2023, 3,513 cases of MM were recorded, predominantly in males (72%) and in older than 65 years (79%). Occupational exposure accounted for 82% of cases, with a significant increase observed over time from 71% to 88% in the most recent period. A greater definition of professional exposure indicates that certain exposure has gone from 49% in the first period to 62% and 58% in the last two periods; probable exposure showed a decrease from 21% to 16% while possible exposure decreased from 16% to 13%. Familiar exposure remained relatively constant at around 8%, environmental exposure showed a slight decrease from 4% to 2%, while non-occupational exposure remained stable at 2%. Among patients with exclusively occupational exposure (1,826 cases), 87% were male and aged between 65 and 75 years (36%) and 75+ (41%). The exposure rates for the province of residence see the province of Reggio Emilia with the highest occupational exposure rate (2.5 x 100,000 residents), followed by Ravenna (2.3 x 100,000 residents) and Parma and Piacenza which have similar exposure rates with 2.2 x 100,000 residents. Professional sectors such as construction, railway maintenance and metalworking are identified as high-risk industries. Despite efforts to mitigate exposure, non-occupational and environmental exposures persist. The study highlights the importance of continuous surveillance and exposure monitoring to guide effective interventions and legal recognition of MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 4","pages":"e2024028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Decades of Fatal Workplace Accidents in Milan and Monza, Italy: Trends, Work Sectors, and Causes From Autoptic Data.","authors":"Laura Maria Antonangeli, Luca Pietro Ernesto Sbrissa, Michelangelo Bruno Casali, Matteo Bonzini","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15872","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work-related fatalities represent an important global public health threat, accounting for over 300,000 deaths annually. Despite preventive strategies, fatalities persist, necessitating comprehensive investigations. Autoptic investigations, when ordered, offer comprehensive data on fatal accidents, in particular with detailed information about the type of accident, lesions, and type of work, enabling a thorough analysis of various factors contributing to workplace deaths. This study investigates work-related fatalities in Milan and Monza Brianza, Lombardy, analyzing patterns, industries, and factors leading to death among workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed all fatal work accident data from the Autopsy Database of the Legal Medicine Institute of Milan from January 2000 to December 2022. We also estimated the risk of fatal accidents per 1.00.000 workers using ISTAT data for the different work sectors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 17,841 violent deaths in Milan and Monza Brianza, 308 resulted from work-related accidents. The majority were male (95.1%). The secondary sector showed the higher estimated risk (27 /106 vs. 19/106 in primary and 2.3/106 in tertiary sector) accounted for 78.5% of fatalities, with specialized workers (35.1%) and construction workers (25%) being the most affected. Falls from above were the leading cause of death (36.7%). A decreasing trend in fatal accidents over the study period was observed, with July having the greatest frequency. The most common causes of death were polytrauma (36.4%) and head injuries (19.2%). Non-Italian workers constitute a noteworthy percentage of fatal cases (24%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The secondary sector has the most fatal accidents at work despite a decrease in accidents over the observed time period. There is a need for rigorous analysis and interventions, using forensic autopsy case data to help understand causes, and collaboration between institutions is encouraged to develop effective preventive policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":"115 4","pages":"e2024023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}