Medicina Del Lavoro最新文献

{"title":"Critical Issues in Assessing Occupational Exposure to Diesel Dust Exhaust.","authors":"Giuseppina Folesani, Monica Gherardi, Maricla Galetti, Pier Giorgio Petronini, Fabrizio De Pasquale, Delia Cavallo, Massimo Corradi","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Italian Interministerial Decree of February 11, 2021, introduces the diesel engine exhaust (DDE) among the carcinogenic occupational compounds, also establishing an occupational exposure limit. Elemental carbon (EC), improperly called black carbon, has been proposed as a tracer of DDE exposure; EC is the carbon that is quantified in the ambient matrixes after all the organic carbon has been removed; traditionally, EC is measured with a thermo-optical analytical technique. EC determination and relative interpretation are challenging for the following reasons: (i) the scarce availability of equipped laboratories hampers EC analysis, (ii) EC interpretation is not easy due to the lack of reference values. Finally, (iii) the limit value of 0.050 mg/m3 of EC in the workplace appears too high compared to recently published exposure data. All these aspects stimulate a reflection on the significance of EC data in the context of both occupational hygiene and occupational medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Asbestos Exposure and Malignant Mesothelioma Incidence in Emilia-Romagna Italy: A Retrospective Study 1996-2023.","authors":"Fausto Giacomino, Francesco Marinelli, Isabella Bisceglia, Marco Cacchi, Cinzia Storchi, Carmine Pinto, Lucia Mangone, Antonio Romanelli, Fortunato Morabito","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare but lethal cancer strongly associated with asbestos exposure. This retrospective study examines trends in asbestos exposure in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy. Between 1996 and 2023, 3,513 cases of MM were recorded, predominantly in males (72%) and in older than 65 years (79%). Occupational exposure accounted for 82% of cases, with a significant increase observed over time from 71% to 88% in the most recent period. A greater definition of professional exposure indicates that certain exposure has gone from 49% in the first period to 62% and 58% in the last two periods; probable exposure showed a decrease from 21% to 16% while possible exposure decreased from 16% to 13%. Familiar exposure remained relatively constant at around 8%, environmental exposure showed a slight decrease from 4% to 2%, while non-occupational exposure remained stable at 2%. Among patients with exclusively occupational exposure (1,826 cases), 87% were male and aged between 65 and 75 years (36%) and 75+ (41%). The exposure rates for the province of residence see the province of Reggio Emilia with the highest occupational exposure rate (2.5 x 100,000 residents), followed by Ravenna (2.3 x 100,000 residents) and Parma and Piacenza which have similar exposure rates with 2.2 x 100,000 residents. Professional sectors such as construction, railway maintenance and metalworking are identified as high-risk industries. Despite efforts to mitigate exposure, non-occupational and environmental exposures persist. The study highlights the importance of continuous surveillance and exposure monitoring to guide effective interventions and legal recognition of MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Decades of Fatal Workplace Accidents in Milan and Monza, Italy: Trends, Work Sectors, and Causes From Autoptic Data.","authors":"Laura Maria Antonangeli, Luca Pietro Ernesto Sbrissa, Michelangelo Bruno Casali, Matteo Bonzini","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work-related fatalities represent an important global public health threat, accounting for over 300,000 deaths annually. Despite preventive strategies, fatalities persist, necessitating comprehensive investigations. Autoptic investigations, when ordered, offer comprehensive data on fatal accidents, in particular with detailed information about the type of accident, lesions, and type of work, enabling a thorough analysis of various factors contributing to workplace deaths. This study investigates work-related fatalities in Milan and Monza Brianza, Lombardy, analyzing patterns, industries, and factors leading to death among workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed all fatal work accident data from the Autopsy Database of the Legal Medicine Institute of Milan from January 2000 to December 2022. We also estimated the risk of fatal accidents per 1.00.000 workers using ISTAT data for the different work sectors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 17,841 violent deaths in Milan and Monza Brianza, 308 resulted from work-related accidents. The majority were male (95.1%). The secondary sector showed the higher estimated risk (27 /106 vs. 19/106 in primary and 2.3/106 in tertiary sector) accounted for 78.5% of fatalities, with specialized workers (35.1%) and construction workers (25%) being the most affected. Falls from above were the leading cause of death (36.7%). A decreasing trend in fatal accidents over the study period was observed, with July having the greatest frequency. The most common causes of death were polytrauma (36.4%) and head injuries (19.2%). Non-Italian workers constitute a noteworthy percentage of fatal cases (24%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The secondary sector has the most fatal accidents at work despite a decrease in accidents over the observed time period. There is a need for rigorous analysis and interventions, using forensic autopsy case data to help understand causes, and collaboration between institutions is encouraged to develop effective preventive policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return to Work After Release From Prison.","authors":"Stefano Massimo Candura, Domenico Madeo, Claudia Negri, Fabrizio Scafa","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16131","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.16131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Work preservation is crucial for the reintegration of ex-prisoners and the prevention of recidivism. We describe the application of an interdisciplinary diagnostic protocol (occupational health visit, psychiatric interview, psychological counselling and testing) in the case of a dairy industry worker (female, 45-year-old), released on half-freedom after approximately a year of detention in prison for attempted murder. This crime can seriously hamper job resumption. The evaluation revealed a slightly depressed mood (consistent with recent life events), in the absence of major psychiatric disorders or other disturbances that could compromise working abilities or represent a danger for the coworkers. The patient was, therefore, judged able to resume her job. At six months follow-up, she had fully served her sentence and had returned to her previous job, with good relations with her colleagues. However, she encountered hostility from her employer, which induced her to find a new job as a secretary. Her mental health status was improved. The interdisciplinary approach described here may allow ex-prisoners to return to work by helping the company physician to formulate the judgement of job fitness, offering at the same time suggestions for a rational occupational reintegration.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Effect of Sleep Hygiene Education Given to Nursing Students on Sleep Quality.","authors":"Çiğdem Müge Haylı, Seockhoon Chung, Mehmet Zeki Avcı, Dilek Demir Kösem","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aimed to ascertain the effect of sleep hygiene training on nursing students' sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research study group consisted of 80 nursing students studying in the nursing department. A quasi-experimental model with a pretest-posttest control group was used. Sleep hygiene training was given to nursing students in the experimental group. The sociodemographic data form for nurse students and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to collect data. The t-test for independent groups was used to compare the PSQI pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental and control groups, and the dependent group t-test was used to compare the PSQI pre-test and post-test scores within groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a difference in the sleep-related data of the nursing students in the experimental and control groups and between the PSQI pretest and posttest score averages according to the groups. No significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores was observed in the control group for subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep hygiene education helps nursing students develop regular sleep behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of Nursing Students' Exposure to Colleague Violence and Affecting Factors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Serap Güngör, Ipek Kose Tosunoz","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15606","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colleague violence experiences of students negatively affect their vocational education in the short term and their desire to stay in the profession in the long term. This study aims to determine the levels of colleague violence experienced by nursing students and the affecting factors in Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted with second-, third-, and fourth-year nursing students (N = 703) from three state universities in three different provinces in Turkey. The data were collected using the \"Student Information Form\" and \"The Scale of Exposure to Colleague Violence\" with an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, the Independent Samples t-test, and the ANOVA test were employed for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>students' total mean score on the scale was 46.72 ± 21.30. The \"exposure to verbal/psychological violence\" and \"effect of violence on physical and mental health\" subscales were 21.62 ± 10.09 and 25.10 ± 12.02, respectively. The most common reaction to the violence they were exposed to was \"remain silent\" (34.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>nursing students were exposed to moderate levels of verbal/psychological colleague violence, and students' physical and mental health were moderately affected by this violence. Most students remained silent as a response to colleague violence. This study contributed to the emergence of factors that affect and are related to colleagues' violence. The results highlighted the need for programs that educate people about colleague violence and what should be done.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Work-Related Quality of Life Scale in Rehabilitation Health Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ilaria Ruotolo, Giovanni Sellitto, Anna Berardi, Francescaroberta Panuccio, Rachele Simeon, Fabio D'Agostino, Giovanni Galeoto","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v115i4.15644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Work-related quality of life (WRQoL) is a multidimensional concept related to life satisfaction. Evaluating WRQoL is essential in healthcare settings since employee satisfaction affects patient service quality. Only a few studies have focused on the quality of life of rehabilitation health workers. We aimed to validate the Italian version of the WRQoL scale on a population of rehabilitation health professionals; the secondary objective was to investigate the work-related quality of life of professionals concerning the work settings in which they operate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited from January 2022 to December 2023 according to specific inclusion criteria. Questionnaires were administered through an online survey requiring also personal employment data, and together with the SF-12 questionnaire, a test-retest was performed on 30 therapists. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha, test-retest stability through intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and concurrent validity was calculated using Pearson's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 284 individuals. Internal consistency analysis showed statistically significant results: Cronbach's alpha was > 0.70; construct validity analyses revealed statistically significant data for total scores and subscales, compared to SF-12 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The WRQoL scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the quality of working life of rehabilitation professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Gynecological and Breast Cancers in Workers Exposed to Diesel Exhaust: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Of Cohort Studies.","authors":"Marika D'Agostini, Giulia Collatuzzo, Federica Teglia, Paolo Boffetta","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15568","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to explore the association between occupational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) and gynaecological and breast cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was performed to identify cohort studies reporting results on the association between occupational exposure to DE and risk of gynaecological and breast cancers. STROBE guidelines and PECOS criteria were followed. We identified 6 studies for breast cancer (BC), 4 for cervical cancer (CC), 4 for endometrial cancer (EC) and 7 for ovarian cancer (OC). Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on the relationship between DE exposure and BC, CC, EC, and OC risk; 95% confidence intervals (CI) and prediction intervals (PI) were reported. We investigated between-study heterogeneity and potential publication bias using Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No associations were observed between occupational DE exposure and risk of BC [RR=0.93; CI: 0.77-1.13; PI:0.50-1.73, I2=80.31%], EC [RR=0.89; CI: 0.75-1.05; PI:0.61-1.30, I2=0.78%], and OC [RR=1.08; CI: 0.89-1.32, PI: 0.76-1.56, I2=11.87%]. A weak association was observed for CC [RR=1.41; CI: 1.17-1.17; PI:0.85-2.30, I2=6.44%]. No between-study heterogeneity or publication bias was detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified an association between DE exposure and CC, which was not adjusted for potential confounders. No evidence of an association was found with BC, EC, and OC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Allergic Nickel Dermatitis in Occupational Settings: A Case Report.","authors":"Rui André Mendes Ribeiro, Vanessa Teófilo, Salomé Moreira, Paulo Pinho, Pedro Norton, Teresa Pereira","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15931","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contact dermatitis is a common cutaneous inflammatory condition, triggered by exposure to irritant substances or allergens. Nickel is the most prevalent allergen, a metal widely used in accessories, furniture, office materials, food and in industry, with multiple exposure pathways, making it difficult to assess which exposure is causing allergic dermatitis. Here, we report a case of an administrative worker with chronic hand eczema, limited to the radial metacarpophalangeal region of the left hand, caused by occupational exposure to nickel, confirmed by nickel deposition test on the hand and a positive test with a metallic stapler used at her workplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzene Exposure in Workers From a Waste Oil Regeneration Plant During Ordinary Activities by Air and Biological Monitoring.","authors":"Laura Campo, Luca Boniardi, Luca Olgiati, Elisa Polledri, Rosa Mercadante, Silvia Fustinoni","doi":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15863","DOIUrl":"10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the regeneration of waste oil, a strategical technological process for the European Union circular economy action plan, exhausted oils are regenerated to produce high performing oil bases. Aim of this work was to assess the exposure to benzene in plant workers during ordinary activities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>59 workers, potentially exposed to benzene, and 9 administrative workers from an Italian plant were monitored for the whole work shift with personal air samplers; urinary benzene (BEN-U) and S-phenyl mercapturic acid (SPMA) were measured by mass spectrometry methods in end-shift urine samples. Different job tasks were identified among workers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median (minimum-maximum) airborne exposures to benzene were <0.9 (<0.9-6.3) and <0.9 (<0.9-0.9) µg/m3, BEN-U and SPMA levels were 0.094 (<0.015-3.095) µg/L and 0.15 (<0.10-9.67) µg/g crt and 0.086 (0.034-0.712) µg/L and <0.10 (<0.10-3.19) µg/g creatinine in workers and administrative workers, respectively. No differences were found among job tasks and between workers and administrative workers, while higher levels were found in smokers than in non-smokers. For all job tasks, the exposure to benzene was always below occupational limit values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study has investigated for the first time the exposure to benzene of workers employed in the re-refining of exhaust oil. The results showed that normal production activities in regenerating used oils do not pose a risk of exposure to benzene in workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49833,"journal":{"name":"Medicina Del Lavoro","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}