Motor Control最新文献_第8页

Obesity Is Associated With Gait Alterations and Gait Asymmetry in Older Adults. 肥胖与老年人步态改变和步态不对称有关

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0125

Hao Meng, Stacey L Gorniak

{"title":"Obesity Is Associated With Gait Alterations and Gait Asymmetry in Older Adults.","authors":"Hao Meng, Stacey L Gorniak","doi":"10.1123/mc.2021-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2021-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The prevalence of obesity (OB) has increased in the older adult (OA) population. However, it is not quite clear whether OB exaggerates gait instability and leads to a higher risk of falls in OAs. The first goal of this study was to investigate whether OB is associated with gait alterations and gait asymmetry in OAs. The second goal of this study was to examine relationships between various OB measures with gait measures and gait symmetry measures in OAs.Methods: A total of 30 OAs were included and categorized according to their body mass index (BMI) values into groups of persons with normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and OB. Participants were required to complete an anthropometric assessment, a body composition assessment, and overground walking tests.Results: The group with OB had shorter swing phase, longer stance phase, and shorter single support phase than the NW group. Increased body weight, BMI, visceral adipose tissue mass, and android fat had correlations with shorter swing phase, longer stance phase, and shorter single support phase. Increased body weight and BMI had significantly positive correlations with symmetry index of knee range of motion.Conclusions: OB may impair gait automation capacity in OAs. Both body weight and BMI remain good measures in terms of establishing correlations with gait stability in OAs. However, the amount of fat mass surrounding the abdomen could be vital to interpreting the alterations in the gait of OAs with obesity.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"6-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10455327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Using Monte Carlo Simulation to Propagate Processing Parameter Uncertainty to the Statistical Analyses of Biomechanical Trajectories. 利用蒙特卡罗模拟将加工参数不确定性传播到生物力学轨迹的统计分析中。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0016

Todd C Pataky

{"title":"Using Monte Carlo Simulation to Propagate Processing Parameter Uncertainty to the Statistical Analyses of Biomechanical Trajectories.","authors":"Todd C Pataky","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Biomechanical trajectories are often routed through a chain of processing steps prior to statistical analysis. As changes in processing parameter values can affect these trajectories, care is required when choosing data processing specifics. The purpose of this Research Note was to demonstrate a simple way to propagate data processing parameter uncertainty to statistical inferences regarding biomechanical trajectories. As an example application, the correlation between foot contact duration and vertical ground reaction force during constant-speed treadmill walking was considered. Uncertainty was modeled using plausible-range uniform distributions in three data processing steps, and Monte Carlo simulation was used to construct probabilistic representations of both individual vertical ground reaction force measurements and the ultimate statistical results. Whereas an initial, plausible set of parameter values yielded a significant correlation between contact duration and late-stance vertical ground reaction force, Monte Carlo simulations revealed strong sensitivity, with \"significance\" being reached in fewer than 40% of simulations, with relatively little net effect of parameter uncertainty magnitude. These results indicate that propagating processing parameter uncertainty to statistical results promotes a cautious, nuanced, and robust view of observed effects. By extension, Monte Carlo simulations may yield greater interpretive consistency across studies involving data processing uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10520794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoupled Control of Grasp and Rotation Constraints During Prehension of Weightless Objects. 无重力物体抓取过程中抓取与旋转约束的解耦控制。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0074

Dayuan Xu, Jiwon Park, Jiseop Lee, Sungjune Lee, Jaebum Park

{"title":"Decoupled Control of Grasp and Rotation Constraints During Prehension of Weightless Objects.","authors":"Dayuan Xu, Jiwon Park, Jiseop Lee, Sungjune Lee, Jaebum Park","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Gravity provides critical information for the adjustment of body movement or manipulation of the handheld object. Indeed, the changes in gravity modify the mechanical constraints of prehensile actions, which may be accompanied by the changes in control strategies. The current study examined the effect of the gravitational force of a handheld object on the control strategies for subactions of multidigit prehension. A total of eight subjects performed prehensile tasks while grasping and lifting the handle by about 250 mm along the vertical direction. The experiment consisted of two conditions: lifting gravity-induced (1g) and weightless (0g) handheld objects. The weightless object condition was implemented utilizing a robot arm that produced a constant antigravitational force of the handle. The current analysis was limited to the two-dimensional grasping plane, and the notion of the virtual finger was employed to formulate the cause-effect chain of elemental variables during the prehensile action. The results of correlation analyses confirmed that decoupled organization of two subsets of mechanical variables was observed in both 1g and 0g conditions. While lifting the handle, the two subsets of variables were assumed to contribute to the grasping and rotational equilibrium, respectively. Notably, the normal forces of the thumb and virtual finger had strong positive correlations. In contrast, the normal forces had no significant relationship with the variables as to the moment of force. We conclude that the gravitational force had no detrimental effect on adjustments of the mechanical variables for the rotational action and its decoupling from the grasping equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"35-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10350854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Startling Acoustic Stimulation Has Task-Specific Effects on Intracortical Facilitation and Inhibition at Rest and During Visually Guided Isometric Elbow Flexion in Healthy Individuals. 触电声刺激对健康个体休息时和视觉引导肘关节等长屈曲时的皮质内促进和抑制有任务特异性影响。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0014

Yen-Ting Chen, Shengai Li, Yingchun Zhang, Ping Zhou, Sheng Li

{"title":"Startling Acoustic Stimulation Has Task-Specific Effects on Intracortical Facilitation and Inhibition at Rest and During Visually Guided Isometric Elbow Flexion in Healthy Individuals.","authors":"Yen-Ting Chen, Shengai Li, Yingchun Zhang, Ping Zhou, Sheng Li","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Startling acoustic stimulation (SAS) causes a transient effect on the primary motor cortex (M1) nonreflexively. It reduces the cortical excitability at rest, but not during voluntary contraction. However, the effect of SAS on intracortical activity is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the SAS effect on short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Eleven healthy individuals performed isometric elbow flexion at 10% of maximum voluntary contraction on the dominant side with a real-time visual target (i.e., M1 preactivation) or at rest. TMS was delivered to the M1 ipsilateral to elbow flexion without or with SAS delivered 90 ms prior to TMS. There were three TMS delivery conditions: (a) single pulse, (b) short-interval intracortical inhibition, and (c) intracortical facilitation. TMS-induced motor-evoked potential (MEP) was compared between predetermined TMS and SAS conditions at rest and during ipsilateral voluntary contraction. We confirmed that SAS decreased the MEP amplitude at rest, but not during M1 preactivation. SAS caused task-specific effects on intracortical excitability. Specifically, SAS increased intracortical facilitation at rest and during voluntary contraction. However, SAS decreased short-interval intracortical inhibition only during M1 preactivation. Collectively, our results suggest that SAS transiently influences the motor cortex excitability, possibly via its activation of higher centers, to achieve a visually guided goal-directed task.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"96-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10356704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Optimality, Stability, and Agility of Human Movement: New Optimality Criterion and Trade-Offs. 人类运动的最优性、稳定性和敏捷性:新的最优性标准和权衡。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0135

Mark L Latash

引用次数: 3

Between a Walk and a Hard Place: How Stepping Patterns Change While Navigating Environmental Obstacles. 在行走和艰难的地方之间:行走模式如何在导航环境障碍时发生变化。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0045

Ashwini Kulkarni, Chuyi Cui, Shirley Rietdyk, Satyajit Ambike

{"title":"Between a Walk and a Hard Place: How Stepping Patterns Change While Navigating Environmental Obstacles.","authors":"Ashwini Kulkarni, Chuyi Cui, Shirley Rietdyk, Satyajit Ambike","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0045","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining a consistent relationship between each footfall and the body's motion is a key mechanism to maintain balance while walking. However, environmental features, for example, puddles/obstacles, impose additional constraints on foot placement. This study investigated how healthy young individuals alter foot placements to simultaneously manage body-centric and environmental constraints during an obstacle-crossing task. Consistent step length promotes balance for all steps, whereas accurate foot placement around the obstacle is essential to avoid a trip. While crossing an obstacle, any error in positioning one foot relative to the obstacle can be compensated by selecting the placement of the subsequent step. However, compensation will necessarily alter step length from its average value. The interstep covariance index computed from two consecutive foot placements was used to quantify this tradeoff between body-centric and environmental constraints for six consecutive steps while approaching, crossing, and resuming unobstructed gait after crossing the obstacle. The index declined only when either one or both feet were adjacent to the obstacle. The decline was driven in part by a tendency toward higher step length variability. Thus, changes in the stepping patterns to address the environmental constraint occurred at the cost of the body-centric constraint. However, the step length never ceased to be controlled; the interstep covariance index was positive for all steps. Overall, participants adapted foot placement control to account for the larger threat to balance. The environmental constraint was prioritized only when a potential trip posed greater threat to balance compared with the threat posed by variable step length.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"20-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10455255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Introduction to the Special Z-Issue in Honor of the 90th Birthday of Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky. 为纪念Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky诞辰90周年而发行的z特刊简介。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0118

Mark L Latash

{"title":"Introduction to the Special Z-Issue in Honor of the 90th Birthday of Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky.","authors":"Mark L Latash","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/mc.2022-0118","url":null,"abstract":"This Special Z-Issue of Motor Control contains papers written by students, trainees, and younger colleagues of Professor Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky, who turns 90 years young in December 2022, and continues being an inspiration for researchers in movement science. The contributions of Vladimir Zatsiorsky to biomechanics, sport science, and motor control are so many and varied that he is rightfully viewed as a classic in all those ﬁ elds of research. In these brief introductory comments, I will try to focus on the main contributions of Vladimir to motor control, although many of those studies can also be viewed as pertaining to biomechanics.Mostearlier studies by Vladimir were in the ﬁ elds of biomechanics and sport science. Those early studies culminated in a book Physical Qualities of an Athlete published in 1966 in Russian. This book became a bestseller and was translated into 10 languages. After his emigration to the United States, Vladimir published three volumes (Zatsiorsky, 1998, 2002; Zatsiorsky & Prilutsky, 2012) that have become the go-to sources for researchers in biomechanics and motor control. In addition, he wrote a book on strength training (Zatsiorsky, 1995), which has become his most popular publication if one judges by the number of citations. I","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9557547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical Stimulation of Distal Tibial Nerve During Stance Phase of Walking May Reverse Effects of Unilateral Paw Pad Anesthesia in the Cat. 步行站立期对胫骨远端神经的电刺激可能逆转猫单侧爪垫麻醉的效果。

IF 0.9 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2022-10-31 Print Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0096

Hangue Park, Alexander N Klishko, Kyunggeune Oh, Celina Zhang, Gina Grenga, Kinsey R Herrin, John F Dalton, Robert S Kistenberg, Michel A Lemay, Mark Pitkin, Stephen P DeWeerth, Boris I Prilutsky

{"title":"Electrical Stimulation of Distal Tibial Nerve During Stance Phase of Walking May Reverse Effects of Unilateral Paw Pad Anesthesia in the Cat.","authors":"Hangue Park, Alexander N Klishko, Kyunggeune Oh, Celina Zhang, Gina Grenga, Kinsey R Herrin, John F Dalton, Robert S Kistenberg, Michel A Lemay, Mark Pitkin, Stephen P DeWeerth, Boris I Prilutsky","doi":"10.1123/mc.2022-0096","DOIUrl":"10.1123/mc.2022-0096","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous feedback from feet is involved in regulation of muscle activity during locomotion, and the lack of this feedback results in motor deficits. We tested the hypothesis that locomotor changes caused by local unilateral anesthesia of paw pads in the cat could be reduced/reversed by electrical stimulation of cutaneous and proprioceptive afferents in the distal tibial nerve during stance. Several split-belt conditions were investigated in four adult female cats. In addition, we investigated the effects of similar distal tibial nerve stimulation on overground walking of one male cat that had a transtibial, bone-anchored prosthesis for 29 months and, thus, had no cutaneous/proprioceptive feedback from the foot. In all treadmill conditions, cats walked with intact cutaneous feedback (control), with right fore- and hindpaw pads anesthetized by lidocaine injections, and with a combination of anesthesia and electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral distal tibial nerve during the stance phase at 1.2× threshold of afferent activation. Electrical stimulation of the distal tibial nerve during the stance phase of walking with anesthetized ipsilateral paw pads reversed or significantly reduced the effects of paw pad anesthesia on several kinematic variables, including lateral center of mass shift, cycle and swing durations, and duty factor. We also found that stimulation of the residual distal tibial nerve in the prosthetic hindlimb often had different effects on kinematics compared with stimulation of the intact hindlimb with paw anesthetized. We suggest that stimulation of cutaneous and proprioceptive afferents in the distal tibial nerve provides functionally meaningful motion-dependent sensory feedback, and stimulation responses depend on limb conditions.","PeriodicalId":49795,"journal":{"name":"Motor Control","volume":"27 1","pages":"71-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9772080/pdf/nihms-1852356.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10460416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncontrolled Manifold Analysis of the Effects of Different Fatigue Locations on Kinematic Coordination During a Repetitive Upper-Limb Task. 重复上肢动作中不同疲劳位置对运动协调影响的非控制流形分析。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2022-09-10 Print Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0114

Matthew Slopecki, Fariba Hasanbarani, Chen Yang, Christopher A Bailey, Julie N Côté

引用次数: 1

Addition of a Cognitive Task During Walking Alters Lower Body Muscle Activity. 行走过程中增加认知任务会改变下半身肌肉活动。

IF 1.1 4区医学

Motor Control Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2022-0013

J. Vienneau, S. Nigg, B. Nigg

引用次数: 0