Neuropsychology Review最新文献

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Use of the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery in Clinical Populations.","authors":"Kelly H Watson, Abagail E Ciriegio, Claire F Miller, Marissa C Roth, Bruce E Compas","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09669-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09669-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is an assessment tool that has been widely utilized in research with clinical populations across the lifespan. Despite its widespread use, a systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive function utilizing this battery in clinical samples has not been reported. To address this gap, 84 studies were identified after systematically searching PsycINFO, PubMed, and ProQuest (71 peer-reviewed articles, 11 dissertations, 2 master's theses) comprising 6331 clinical participants. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results identified significant deficits in the Fluid Cognition Composite and the associated subtests (attention, working memory, processing speed, executive function) in clinical samples when compared to both the NIHTB-CB normative data and recruited comparison samples. Unexpectedly, there was some evidence that clinical participants scored higher on Crystallized Cognition subtests than the normative data but scored significantly lower than recruited controls. There was mixed evidence for performance differences on a Total Cognition Composite measure of cognitive function. There was some evidence of publication bias, and results were moderated by study quality and participant demographics. The implications of the findings for clinical research settings are discussed and suggested future directions are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"225-260"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Memory Functions in Persons with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Lujie Xu, Huda Al-Shamali, Tarek Turk, Sandra M Campbell, Esther Fujiwara","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09665-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09665-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Episodic memory impairment can persist in persons with HIV (PWH) despite treatment. Depression is among the most prevalent comorbidities in HIV. Changes to brain regions involved in episodic memory like the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex have been well documented in depression. If episodic memory changes occur in PWH, it is important to understand the potential impact of concurrent depressive symptoms (DS). Thus, our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of DS in episodic memory in PWH. We included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that provided episodic memory test scores and a formal assessment of DS expecting that episodic memory in PWH (A) be lower with comorbid DS; (B) negatively correlated with DS severity and incidence of clinical depression; and (C) declines over time with comorbid depression. Following PRIMSA guidelines, 3505 papers were identified, of which 44 studies were ultimately included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that immediate but not delayed recall were lower in PWH with DS than without DS, with small average effect sizes. An inverse relationship between DS severity and episodic memory performance emerged in about a quarter of the studies, with a higher likelihood in studies measuring incidence of clinically elevated DS. If observed, longitudinal memory decline was limited to moderately-severely depressed PWH. Our results suggest that prevention and treatment of clinical levels of depressive symptomatology in PWH remains a paramount target in HIV care with important implications for memory and likely other cognitive functions long-term.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"196-224"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Functional Brain Imaging Studies in Neurofibromatosis 1.","authors":"Anna Wild, Maria Tziraki, Caroline Lea-Carnall, Shruti Garg","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09695-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09695-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic condition, frequently associated with learning difficulties. Functional neuroimaging techniques have been used to investigate brain mechanisms underlying learning difficulties in NF1, but these remain poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review of functional neuroimaging studies in NF1 from 2000-2024 aiming to develop a neurobiological framework for understanding the NF1 cognitive phenotype. A total of 44 studies were identified as relevant across functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), positron emission topography (PET), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and arterial spin labelling (ASL) techniques. Findings suggest mechanisms underlying learning in NF1 may be characterised as excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio imbalance, dysconnectivity between brain regions and perturbations in neural activation patterns. We suggest, disruptions in GABAergic signalling, beginning in early development, may alter the whole brain function, explaining the differential patterns of brain activity, connectivity, and brain chemistry. As most of the reviewed studies were cross-sectional in nature, future research should focus on longitudinal designs to better understand developmental changes in brain mechanisms and how these processes evolve over time. Finally, it is essential to explore environmental modifiers in shaping the cognitive phenotypes associated with NF1.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Cognitive Training for Treating Cancer-related Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Cognitive Domain.","authors":"Cristina Salgado-Blanco, Ana F Oliveira, María Teresa Carrillo-de-la-Peña, Carina Fernandes","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09699-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09699-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive Training (CT) is proposed to improve cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), but its effect on objective cognition remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023426761) aimed to examine the efficacy of CT on objective CRCI using neuropsychological tests categorised into cognitive domains following international classifications. Secondary objectives were to assess CT effects on self-reported variables. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library (last search in May 2024). Controlled trials performing CT and reporting neuropsychological outcomes were included. Risk of bias was assessed with RoB-2 and certainty of evidence with the GRADE approach. Hedges' g at post-intervention was the primary outcome of the multivariate meta-analysis, calculated as the standardized mean difference between groups at post-intervention. Hedges´ g at pre-intervention was included as a fixed covariate. Fifteen studies were included in the systematic review and 12 in the meta-analysis (control group n = 507; intervention group n = 578). The meta-analysis showed a small, significant effect of CT on executive functioning (Hedges' g = 0.15, 95% CI [0.00, 0.29], p = .047). This result warrants cautious interpretation due to low-quality evidence. No significant effects were found in other cognitive domains or self-reported indices. Although these results contrast with previous meta-analyses, this study includes a larger dataset, enhancing the robustness of the results, and introduces a novel analysis strategy by grouping neuropsychological tests according to international classifications. In conclusion, CT shows a small benefit for executive functioning in CRCI, but high-quality studies are needed to confirm its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immersive Virtual Reality in Neuropsychological Assessment of Acquired Brain Injury: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nicola Davide Cavallo, Federica Amitrano, Armando Coccia, Carlo Miccio, Gabriella Santangelo, Laura Marcuccio, Giovanni D'Addio, Pasquale Moretta","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09693-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-026-09693-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acquired brain injury (ABI) often results in a range of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural impairments that compromise everyday functioning. Accurate neuropsychological assessment is essential for developing effective, individualized rehabilitation strategies. However, traditional paper-and-pencil tests frequently lack ecological validity and may underestimate deficits that emerge in complex, real-life contexts. Immersive virtual reality (VR) offers a promising complementary approach by creating interactive, realistic environments that more closely mirror daily cognitive demands. To examine the effectiveness of immersive VR in assessing neurocognitive impairments in ABI populations. Seventeen studies comparing the cognitive performance of ABI patients and healthy controls were analysed, focusing on executive functions, visuospatial abilities, and memory. Healthy controls outperformed ABI patients across all domains. The strongest effect sizes were observed in the visuospatial domain, although results were heterogeneous. Executive function tasks also revealed robust differences with less variability. Memory was the least assessed domain across studies. Moderator analyses indicated that error-based performance measures yielded the largest effect sizes, suggesting they may be particularly informative sensitive in detecting subtle cognitive deficits. In contrast, demographic factors and the inclusion of environmental distractors did not significantly influence outcomes. These findings support immersive VR as a sensitive and ecologically valid tool for neuropsychological assessment in ABI. While the current evidence is promising, further research is required to standardize VR protocols and optimize their clinical application, enabling more personalized and functionally relevant cognitive evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensatory Strategy Training Versus Computerized Restorative Function Training for Adults in the Chronic Stage After Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Elise M Verhoog, Luciano Fasotti, Roy P C Kessels, Dirk Bertens","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09682-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-025-09682-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although compensatory strategy training (CST) interventions are often regarded as the golden standard in practice, computerized restorative function training (CRFT) interventions became increasingly popular in recent years to rehabilitate cognitive problems in individuals with brain injuries. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of CST interventions in comparison to CRFT interventions with a particular focus on generalization of treatment effects to daily life. More specifically, we evaluated the efficacy across the components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework, with a particular focus on outcome measures at the activity and participation levels, as these are crucial for evaluating generalization. Database searches were conducted of studies investigating CST and CRFT interventions in comparison either with an active control condition or with one another. Scientific quality and risk of bias was rated using the RoB-2 Cochrane Tool. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicated that CST results in significant improvements on task performance (at the ICF activity level), as measured by proxy ratings. These effects were most notable for interventions targeting executive functioning and immediately post-treatment, with long-term effects remaining unclear. Notably, CRFT showed no improvements, with the active control group demonstrating significantly better task performance post-treatment compared to the CRFT group. However, further research is necessary to conduct a robust direct comparison between both interventions, to evaluate the long-term effects at the ICF activity level, and to evaluate which intervention method leads to improvements at the participation level.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance-induced Psychotic Disorders Cause Convergent Cognitive Impairment to Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.","authors":"Irena Semancikova, Filip Dechterenko, Pooja Patel, Ondrej Bezdicek","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09687-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09687-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a meta-analysis of studies that compare cognitive functioning between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and substance-induced psychotic disorder. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed. The risk of bias was assessed by QUADAS-2. Studies were pooled using a random effect model, and reported means and standard deviation (SD) were converted to Hedges’g which corrects for positive bias in Cohen’s d. Eighteen studies with 1092 patients were included in the analysis. The random effects overall meta-analysis model resulted in no overall effect. The meta-analysis for each cognitive domain showed a subtle but significant difference in executive functions, favouring substance-induced psychotic disorder. The equivalence of the groups was demonstrated by comparable performance in memory, attention, psychomotor speed, and intellectual functioning. This meta-analysis revealed that the cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia and substance-induced psychotic disorders groups may be quite similar. This finding indicates that the harmful effect of substance use, which leads to psychosis, may cause as severe impairment of cognitive functions as schizophrenia. Our findings also suggest that differences in executive functioning may differentiate schizophrenia from substance-induced psychotic disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147624514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Subjective and Objective Fatigue Assessment Approaches in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Holly H Fleischmann, Abigale E Derusha, Andrew M Kiselica, Stephen Correia, Lawrence H Sweet","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09696-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-026-09696-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fatigue is one of the most debilitating symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The importance of fatigue management to quality of life, and challenges in measuring this construct, suggest a need to better understand and assess fatigue. The measurement of fatigue has historically been comprised of self-report scales, but recent research literature has begun reporting attempts to objectively measure fatigue using performance during sustained cognitive tasks, such as the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). However, there has yet to be a consensus as to whether these objective measures of fatigue concur with more traditional subjective approaches. The current meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between these two fatigue measurement approaches and determine whether expected moderators (e.g., demographic, clinical, and measure type variables) affected the strength of this association. Following a literature search and contacting authors for necessary data, 66 eligible studies were identified with 106 effects that were utilized in the main analyses. A three-level random-effects model revealed a significant overall small effect (r = .19, 95% CI [0.16 to 0.23]). Age, race, education, disease severity, disease duration, and type of fatigue assessment used (objective or subjective) did not significantly moderate this main effect. While MS subtype did not reach the level of significance as a moderator, it revealed a positive effect that is important to consider conceptually and to avoid Type II error. However, sex was a significant moderator, such that studies involving more females had stronger associations. Results corroborate limited previous findings of a significant, but small, relationship between subjective and objective measurements of fatigue, but also suggest further investigation is needed in considering fatigue construct definitions and assessment within the context of these significant moderators. Findings have important clinical and research implications for improving assessment of fatigue and improving current treatment approaches in MS samples, as well as other populations that suffer from fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial March, 2026 Neuropsychology Review.","authors":"Stephen C Bowden","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09701-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-026-09701-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical Gradients Support Mental Time Travel into the Past and Future: Evidence from Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-analysis.","authors":"Alice Teghil, Martin Wiener, Maddalena Boccia","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09662-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09662-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A longstanding issue concerns the extent to which episodic autobiographical memory (EAM) and episodic future thinking (EFT) are the expression of the same cognitive ability and may be dissociated at the neural level. Here, we provided an updated picture of overlaps and dissociations between brain networks supporting EAM and EFT, using Activation Likelihood Estimation. Moreover, we tested the hypothesis that spatial gradients characterize the transition between activations associated with the two domains, in line with accounts positing a transition in the relative predominance of their features and process components. We showed the involvement of a core network across EAM and EFT, including midline structures, the bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampus, angular gyrus and anterior middle temporal gyrus (aMTG) and the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Contrast analyses highlighted a cluster in the right aMTG significantly more activated during EFT compared with EAM. Finally, gradiental transitions were found in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, left SFG, and bilateral aMTG. Results show that differences between EAM and EFT may arise at least partially through the organization of specific regions of common activation along functional gradients, and help to advocate between different theoretical accounts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13279674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}