Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Plasmacytoma of the Head and Neck: Case Series and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Meredith M Lamb, Abdullah Zeatoun, Taylor J Stack, Sulgi Kim, Sara Albastoni, Bart Singer, Cristine Klatt-Cromwell, Brent A Senior, Adam J Kimple, Brian D Thorp","doi":"10.1159/000530946","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by localized proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells and is classified as solitary bone or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Here, we present two rare cases of plasmacytoma of the head and neck. The first is a 78-year-old male who presented with a 3-month history of epistaxis and progressive obstruction of the right nasal passage. Computerized tomography (CT) imaging revealed a mass in the right nasal cavity with destruction to the maxillary sinus. An excisional biopsy was performed revealing anaplastic plasmacytoma. The second is a 64-year-old male with a past medical history significant for prostate cancer who presented with a 2-month history of left ear pain and progressive non-tender temporal swelling. A PET/CT revealed a highly avid, destructive, and lytic left temporal mass with no other evidence of distant disease. A left temporal craniectomy and infratemporal fossa dissection revealed plasma cell dyscrasia with monoclonal lambda in situ hybridization. Although plasmacytomas are uncommon tumors of the head and neck, they may mimic other entities that require different treatment. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate therapeutic decisions and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 4","pages":"231-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9960107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Expert Consensus on the Use of Biologics in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2022, Zhuhai).","authors":"Hai-Yu Hong, Teng-Yu Chen, Qin-Tai Yang, Yue-Qi Sun, Feng-Hong Chen, Hong-Fei Lou, Hong-Tian Wang, Rui-Li Yu, Yun-Fang An, Feng Liu, Tian-Sheng Wang, Mei-Ping Lu, Qian-Hui Qiu, Xiang-Dong Wang, Jian-Jun Chen, Cui-da Meng, Zhi-Hai Xie, Juan Meng, Ming Zeng, Cheng-Li Xu, Ying Wang, Yu-Cheng Yang, Wei-Tian Zhang, Jun Tang, Yan-Li Yang, Rui Xu, Guo-Dong Yu, Zhao-Hui Shi, Xin Wei, Hui-Ping Ye, Ya-Nan Sun, Shao-Qing Yu, Tian-Hong Zhang, Jun Yong, Wei Hang, Yuan-Teng Xu, Yu Xu, Guo-Lin Tan, Na Sun, Gui Yang, You-Jin Li, Jing Ye, Ke-Jun Zuo, Li-Qiang Zhang, Xue-Yan Wang, An-Ni Yang, Ying-Xiang Xu, Wei Liao, Yun-Ping Fan, Hua-Bin Li","doi":"10.1159/000529918","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease in otolaryngology, mainly manifested as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, and smell disorder. CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), an important phenotype of CRS, has a high recurrence rate even after receiving corticosteroids and/or functional endoscopic sinus surgery. In recent years, clinicians have focused on the application of biological agents in CRSwNP. However, it has not reached a consensus on the timing and selection of biologics for the treatment of CRS so far.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We reviewed the previous studies of biologics in CRS and summarized the indications, contraindications, efficacy assessment, prognosis, and adverse effects of biologics. Also, we evaluated the treatment response and adverse reactions of dupilumab, omalizumab, and mepolizumab in the management of CRS and made recommendations.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Dupilumab, omalizumab, and mepolizumab have been approved for the treatment of CRSwNP by the US Food and Drug Administration. Type 2 and eosinophilic inflammation, need for systemic steroids or contraindication to systemic steroids, significantly impaired quality of life, anosmia, and comorbid asthma are required for the use of biologics. Based on current evidence, dupilumab has the prominent advantage in improving quality of life and reducing the risk of comorbid asthma in CRSwNP among the approved monoclonal antibodies. Most patients tolerate biological agents well in general with few major or severe adverse effects. Biologics have provided more options for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP patients or patients who refuse to have surgery. In the future, more novel biologics will be assessed in high-quality clinical trials and applied clinically.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 3","pages":"128-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of Rhinitis to Rhinosinusitis: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Bram van Schie, Joel J Vavrina, Michael B Soyka","doi":"10.1159/000527885","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000527885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic rhinitis (CR) and rhinosinusitis are prevalent conditions affecting people all over the world. Their exact relationship is still not fully understood. We sought to find out, whether CR is a risk factor for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and which main subgroup or other factors could be predisposing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with diagnosed CR between 2005 and 2010 were selected from the electronic medical record and were contacted by phone call. They were interviewed and screened for possible CRS using internationally approved questionnaires, e.g. NOSE-D and SNOT-20-GAV. Those with elevated scores were invited for a clinical examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 113 patients available for statistical analysis (48/65 = f/m), mean age of 52 ± 15 years, 13 patients were diagnosed with CRS. Extrapolated for the total cohort of 334, calculated prevalence was 9.5%. No statistical significantly higher probability of developing CRS for either main subgroup of CR was found. Age of onset, prior surgery of the nose, and use of topical nasal treatments were associated with the development of CRS in multivariate analyses (OR = 0.1, 3.2, and 3.2, respectively).</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusions: </strong>Only a small number of rhinitis patients developed CRS, questioning the paradigm of CR being a clear risk factor for CRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 4","pages":"186-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10534962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9956395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taste Alteration in External Auditory Canal Cholesteatoma: Indicator of Impending N VII Affection.","authors":"Lilia Matosevic, Hergen Friedrich, Simona Negoias, Cilgia Dür, Marco Caversaccio, Patrick Dubach","doi":"10.1159/000527886","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000527886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>External auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) is a rare disease, with an estimated incidence of approximately 1:1,000 adult and 1.6:1,000 pediatric otologic patients. Systematic studies of chronic ear disease and taste alteration prior to surgery are rare; in fact, there are no such studies for EACCs. Therefore, we describe chorda tympani nerve (CTN) dysfunction and the related clinical consequences in EACC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods/study design: </strong>Between 1992 and 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the symptoms, signs, and radiological and intraoperative descriptions of CTN involvement in 73 patients. Liquid taste tests and, since 2009, Taste StripsTM as well as an olfactory screening test (Smell DiskettesTM) have been performed for all symptomatic patients and, when feasible, all other EACC patients.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: 4: </strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten of 73 patients complained subjectively of dysfunction, and 8 showed abnormal taste test results. Four patients complained of olfactory dysfunction (3 cases with pathological taste tests). Gustatory dysfunction was most frequent in radiogenic EACC cases (n = 4), followed by postoperative EACC (n = 3). Two postoperative patients were asymptomatic despite abnormal test results. Rarely, patients with idiopathic (n = 2) and posttraumatic (n = 1) EACC showed acute taste dysfunction that was confirmed in each with abnormal test results.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>CTN dysfunction often developed asymptomatically in chronic ears, except for idiopathic and posttraumatic EACCs under previous healthy middle ear conditions. Taste disturbance is not a cardinal symptom of EACC, but objective testing suggests that up to one out of 10 EACC patients with advanced disease may experience regional gustatory dysfunction prior to surgery. Especially in context of a new and acute presentation, regional taste dysfunction may alert the clinician of potential progressive EACC invasion and danger to the facial nerve.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 4","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10009844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Vestibular System Involvement in Multiple Sclerosis and Associations with the Disease Severity.","authors":"İlknur Aydın Cantürk,&nbsp;Berna Özge Mutlu,&nbsp;Oğuz Yılmaz,&nbsp;Yıldırım Ahmet Bayazıt","doi":"10.1159/000529579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that can affect balance, gait, and improve fall risk. The aim of this study was to investigate peripheral vestibular system involvement in MS and associations with the disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five adult patients with MS and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were evaluated using video head impulse test (v-HIT), cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (c-VEMP), ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (o-VEMPs), and sensory organization test (SOT) of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP). The results of both groups were compared, and association with EDSS scores was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between the groups regarding v-HIT and c-VEMP results (p > 0.05). There was no association of the v-HIT, c-VEMP, and o-VEMP results with EDSS scores (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the o-VEMP results of the groups (p > 0.05) except for N1-P1 amplitudes (p = 0.01). The amplitudes of N1-P1 were significantly lower in the patients compared to controls (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the SOT results of the groups (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found within and between groups when the patients were categorized according to their EDSS scores with a cutoff point of 3 (p < 0.05). There were negative correlations between the EDSS scores and composite (r = -396, p = 0.02) and somatosensory (SOM) scores (r = -487, p = 0.04) of CDP in the MS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although central and peripheral balance-related systems are affected in MS, the impact of disease on the peripheral vestibular end organ is subtle. In particular, the v-HIT, which was mentioned previously as a detector of brainstem dysfunction could not be a reliable tool in the detection of brainstem pathologies in MS patients. The o-VEMP amplitudes may be affected in the early stages of the disease, possibly due to the crossed ventral tegmental tract, oculomotor nuclei, or interstitial nucleus of Cajal involvements. An EDSS score >3 seems a cutoff level indicating abnormalities in balance integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"85 3","pages":"150-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front & Back Matter","authors":"Mihir R. Patel, F. Dias, Karl Hörmann, S. Malekzadeh","doi":"10.1159/000527127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79408026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Capacity of Systemic Inflammation Response Index, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Tian Wang, Hanqing Lin, Chi-Yao Hsueh, Huiching Lau, Jian Zhou, H. Gong, L. Tao, Liang Zhou, Chunping Wu","doi":"10.1159/000524870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000524870","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been proposed as peripheral blood biomarkers. We compared these blood biomarkers to identify the best predictor in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 304 patients with HPSCC. SIRI was divided into three groups using X-tile version 3.6.1. The optimal cut-off points for NLR, LMR, and PLR were selected through RStudio. We compared the prognostic capacity of SIRI with that of NLR, LMR, and PLR using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Smoking, cancer in the postcricoid region, lymph node metastasis (N+), extracapsular invasion, SIRI in the highest tertile (>2.80), and LMR in the lowest tertile (<5.0) may cause poor 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with HPSCC. Local and distant recurrences may occur earlier in those with lymph node metastasis and a tumor invading beyond the mucosa layer. Conclusions: SIRI was a better predictor of OS than LMR, PLR, and NLR in HPSCC patients. SIRI in the highest tertile (>2.80) and LMR in the lowest tertile (<5.0) may cause poor 5-year OS.","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"25 1","pages":"453 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79116369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Presenting as Temporal Bone Lesion with Facial Nerve Palsy","authors":"Marius Polianskis, J. Ivaška, J. Dadonienė, Givi Lengvenis, J. Besusparis, Darius Rauba, Arnoldas Morozas, Tatjana Ivaškienė, E. Lesinskas","doi":"10.1159/000522612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000522612","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic condition which could present as local infiltration of skull base structures. We report a case of IgG4-RD with infiltration of the temporal bone and surrounding structures in a patient with systemic vasculitis on systemic steroids. A 31-year-old woman presented with right-sided facial weakness, headache, and right ear hearing loss. On examination, redness and retraction of the right tympanic membrane and facial paresis (House-Brackman IV) were noted. Computed tomography imaging showed mastoiditis, temporal lobe stroke, and brain abscess. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed infiltration in the infratemporal fossa, nasopharynx, spreading along the Eustachian tube and perineurally along the branches of CN V and CN VII intracranially, forming a dural based mass in the middle cranial fossa. Intracranial mass compressed the temporal lobe of the brain, causing perifocal brain edema. Endoscopic biopsy of the nasopharynx was chosen as the least invasive method. It showed marked fibrosis of the tissue, dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, and an increased number of IGG4-positive plasma cells. Serum IgG4 levels were below the diagnostic criteria of IgG4-RD, but histological characteristics of IgG4-RD were met. The patient was treated with high-dose oral prednisolone. Resolution of symptoms, including facial nerve paresis, was observed and infiltration in the nasopharynx, infratemporal fossa decreased on subsequent MRI tests. No recurrence was noted on the follow-up of 16 months. The case presented itself as a diagnostic challenge for a multidisciplinary team to differentiate pathology caused by either IgG4-RD, systemic vasculitis, or atypic mastoiditis. MRI and histological reports were essential to establish a correct diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"26 1","pages":"473 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90572702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucolytic and Antioxidant Effects of Intranasal Acetylcysteine Use on Acute Rhinosinusitis in Rats with an Acute Rhinosinusitis Model","authors":"Fatih Savran, B. Karabulut, A. Yılmaz, Mehmet Surmeli, E. Guler, Semra Genç, A. Ihvan","doi":"10.1159/000524869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000524869","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is effective in the treatment murine model of acute rhinosinusitis in rats. Materials and Methods: Twelve rats were included in the study. The left nasal cavity of all rats was infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Group 1 was the group in which NAC was administered into the left nasal cavity twice daily. Group 2 was selected as the control group. All rats were then sterilely sacrificed under anesthesia after intracardiac blood sampling. After sacrifice, sterile culture samples were collected from the posterior nasal cavity. Results: Total oxidant status and oxidative stress index (OSI), interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α levels decreased significantly in the treatment group. Total antioxidant status was significantly increased. There was a statistically significant increase in total serum thiol levels and native thiol levels. Histopathologic evaluation showed a statistically significant decrease in submucosal gland hypertrophy in the treatment group. Conclusion: According to our study, intranasal application of NAC can decrease the inflammatory findings in murine acute rhinosinusitis.","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"31 1","pages":"447 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85737043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymph Node Tuberculosis in Otolaryngological Practice: A Study of 68 Cases at the Sourô Sanou University Hospital of Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso","authors":"R. Ouedraogo, F. M. Amona, Syska Ikouebe Atonoboma, A. Elola","doi":"10.1159/000524790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000524790","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) frequently affects peripheral cervical lymph node body sites. We aimed to study epidemiology and diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of LNTB patients in ENT routine practice. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional prospective study in the ENT and cervicofacial surgery department at the Sourô Sanou University Hospital of Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, for a period of 36 months. Results: There were 68 cases with LNTB, of which 54.4% were mostly men. The mean age and the median age were calculated at 37 ± 6.8 and 42 years, respectively. The patient’s age ranged between 3 and 81 years, and the most represented age group was from 30 to 60 years (62%). According to geographical origin, most patients (79%) originated from rural areas. In 6 cases (9%), patients reported diabetes and 12 patients were HIV positives (18%). Most clinical features leading to the ENT consultation were cervical lymph nodes (82%) and cervical scrofuloderma (18%). For the multiple locations, the lymphadenopathies involved mostly the transversal cervical chain (56%) and spinal chain (50%). Histopathology examination was the mostly diagnosed methods used in 68%. A 6-month anti-tuberculous treatment was given with a follow-up of 6 months without any relapse in 62 cases (97%). Conclusion: The frequency of 68 cases of LNTB in 3 years is underappreciated. Among all lymph node sites, transversal cervical chain and cervical spinal chain were mostly affected. Further advanced studies are recommended to determine the prevalence and contributing factors of LNTB in the study area.","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"6 1","pages":"412 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73106770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}