Reviews in the Neurosciences最新文献_第6页

Escape from X-chromosome inactivation and sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease 摆脱 X 染色体失活与阿尔茨海默病的性别差异

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0108

Qing-Hua Song, Ke-Xuan Zhao, Shuai Huang, Tong Chen, Ling He

{"title":"Escape from X-chromosome inactivation and sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Qing-Hua Song, Ke-Xuan Zhao, Shuai Huang, Tong Chen, Ling He","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2023-0108","url":null,"abstract":"Sex differences exist in the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Globally, women have a higher prevalence, while men with Alzheimer’s disease experience earlier mortality and more pronounced cognitive decline than women. The cause of sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease remains unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests the potential role of X-linked genetic factors in the sex difference of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During embryogenesis, a remarkable process known as X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) occurs in females, leading to one of the X chromosomes undergoing transcriptional inactivation, which balances the effects of two X chromosomes in females. Nevertheless, certain genes exceptionally escape from XCI, which provides a basis for dual expression dosage of specific genes in females. Based on recent research findings, we explore key escape genes and their potential therapeutic use associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Also, we discuss their possible role in driving the sex differences in Alzheimer’s disease. This will provide new perspectives for precision medicine and gender-specific treatment of AD.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of myelin in neurodegeneration: implications for drug targets and neuroprotection strategies. 髓磷脂在神经退行性变中的作用:对药物靶点和神经保护策略的影响。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Print Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081

Gabriella E Parrilla, Vivek Gupta, Roshana Vander Wall, Akanksha Salkar, Devaraj Basavarajappa, Mehdi Mirzaei, Nitin Chitranshi, Stuart L Graham, Yuyi You

{"title":"The role of myelin in neurodegeneration: implications for drug targets and neuroprotection strategies.","authors":"Gabriella E Parrilla, Vivek Gupta, Roshana Vander Wall, Akanksha Salkar, Devaraj Basavarajappa, Mehdi Mirzaei, Nitin Chitranshi, Stuart L Graham, Yuyi You","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081","url":null,"abstract":"Myelination of axons in the central nervous system offers numerous advantages, including decreased energy expenditure for signal transmission and enhanced signal speed. The myelin sheaths surrounding an axon consist of a multi-layered membrane that is formed by oligodendrocytes, while specific glycoproteins and lipids play various roles in this formation process. As beneficial as myelin can be, its dysregulation and degeneration can prove detrimental. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and changes in cellular metabolism and the extracellular matrix can lead to demyelination of these axons. These factors are hallmark characteristics of certain demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis. The effects of demyelination are also implicated in primary degeneration in diseases such as glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease, as well as in processes of secondary degeneration. This reveals a relationship between myelin and secondary processes of neurodegeneration, including resultant degeneration following traumatic injury and transsynaptic degeneration. The role of myelin in primary and secondary degeneration is also of interest in the exploration of strategies and targets for remyelination, including the use of anti-inflammatory molecules or nanoparticles to deliver drugs. Although the use of these methods in animal models of diseases have shown to be effective in promoting remyelination, very few clinical trials in patients have met primary end points. This may be due to shortcomings or considerations that are not met while designing a clinical trial that targets remyelination. Potential solutions include diversifying disease targets and requiring concomitant interventions to promote rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"271-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dominant mechanism in spinal cord injury-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (SCI-IDS): sympathetic hyperreflexia. 脊髓损伤诱导免疫缺陷综合征（SCI-IDS）的主要机制：交感神经反射亢进。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-30 Print Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0090

Ping Yang, Zhi-Qun Bian, Zhen-Bo Song, Cheng-Ying Yang, Li Wang, Zhong-Xiang Yao

{"title":"Dominant mechanism in spinal cord injury-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (SCI-IDS): sympathetic hyperreflexia.","authors":"Ping Yang, Zhi-Qun Bian, Zhen-Bo Song, Cheng-Ying Yang, Li Wang, Zhong-Xiang Yao","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0090","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0090","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical studies have shown that individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are particularly susceptible to infectious diseases, resulting in a syndrome called SCI-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (SCI-IDS), which is the leading cause of death after SCI. It is believed that SCI-IDS is associated with exaggerated activation of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs). After SCI, disruption of bulbospinal projections from the medulla oblongata C1 neurons to the SPNs results in the loss of sympathetic inhibitory modulation from the brain and brainstem and the occurrence of abnormally high levels of spinal sympathetic reflexes (SSR), named sympathetic hyperreflexia. As the post-injury survival time lengthens, mass recruitment and anomalous sprouting of excitatory interneurons within the spinal cord result in increased SSR excitability, resulting in an excess sympathetic output that disrupts the immune response. Therefore, we first analyze the structural underpinnings of the spinal cord-sympathetic nervous system-immune system after SCI, then demonstrate the progress in highlighting mechanisms of SCI-IDS focusing on norepinephrine (NE)/Beta 2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signal pathways, and summarize recent preclinical studies examining potential means such as regulating SSR and inhibiting β2-AR signal pathways to improve immune function after SCI. Finally, we present research perspectives such as to promote the effective regeneration of C1 neurons to rebuild the connection of C1 neurons with SPNs, to regulate excitable or inhibitory interneurons, and specifically to target β2-AR signal pathways to re-establish neuroimmune balance. These will help us design effective strategies to reverse post-SCI sympathetic hyperreflexia and improve the overall quality of life for individuals with SCI.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"259-269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61565806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intracortical brain-computer interfaces for improved motor function: a systematic review. 改善运动功能的皮质内脑机接口：一项系统综述。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Print Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0077

Matthew W Holt, Eric C Robinson, Nathan A Shlobin, Jacob T Hanson, Ismail Bozkurt

{"title":"Intracortical brain-computer interfaces for improved motor function: a systematic review.","authors":"Matthew W Holt, Eric C Robinson, Nathan A Shlobin, Jacob T Hanson, Ismail Bozkurt","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0077","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0077","url":null,"abstract":"In this systematic review, we address the status of intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) applied to the motor cortex to improve function in patients with impaired motor ability. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 Guidelines for Systematic Reviews. Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) were used to assess bias and quality. Advances in iBCIs in the last two decades demonstrated the use of iBCI to activate limbs for functional tasks, achieve neural typing for communication, and other applications. However, the inconsistency of performance metrics employed by these studies suggests the need for standardization. Each study was a pilot clinical trial consisting of 1-4, majority male (64.28 %) participants, with most trials featuring participants treated for more than 12 months (55.55 %). The systems treated patients with various conditions: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, spinocerebellar degeneration without cerebellar involvement, and spinal cord injury. All participants presented with tetraplegia at implantation and were implanted with microelectrode arrays via pneumatic insertion, with nearly all electrode locations solely at the precentral gyrus of the motor cortex (88.88 %). The development of iBCI devices using neural signals from the motor cortex to improve motor-impaired patients has enhanced the ability of these systems to return ability to their users. However, many milestones remain before these devices can prove their feasibility for recovery. This review summarizes the achievements and shortfalls of these systems and their respective trials.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"213-223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adult ADHD: it is old and new at the same time - what is it? 成人多动症：它是旧的，也是新的——它是什么？

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Print Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0071

Raly James Perez Custodio, Jan G Hengstler, Jae Hoon Cheong, Hee Jin Kim, Edmund Wascher, Stephan Getzmann

{"title":"Adult ADHD: it is old and new at the same time - what is it?","authors":"Raly James Perez Custodio, Jan G Hengstler, Jae Hoon Cheong, Hee Jin Kim, Edmund Wascher, Stephan Getzmann","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0071","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0071","url":null,"abstract":"Even though the number of studies aiming to improve comprehension of ADHD pathology has increased in recent years, there still is an urgent need for more effective studies, particularly in understanding adult ADHD, both at preclinical and clinical levels, due to the increasing evidence that adult ADHD is highly distinct and a different entity from childhood ADHD. This review paper outlines the symptoms, diagnostics, and neurobiological mechanisms of ADHD, with emphasis on how adult ADHD could be different from childhood-onset. Data show a difference in the environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and brain structural changes, when combined, could greatly impact the behavioral presentations and the severity of ADHD in adults. Furthermore, a crucial aspect in the quest to fully understand this disorder could be through longitudinal analysis. In this way, we will determine if and how the pathology and pharmacology of ADHD change with age. This goal could revolutionize our understanding of the disorder and address the weaknesses in the current clinical classification systems, improving the characterization and validity of ADHD diagnosis, specifically those in adults.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"225-241"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective, behavioral and neurobiological effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety. 大麻和大麻素对社交焦虑的主观、行为和神经生物学影响。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Print Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0078

Bárbara Dos Anjos Rosário, Jéssica Alves Lemes, Maria Paula de Lima, Daniel Araki Ribeiro, Milena de Barros Viana

{"title":"Subjective, behavioral and neurobiological effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety.","authors":"Bárbara Dos Anjos Rosário, Jéssica Alves Lemes, Maria Paula de Lima, Daniel Araki Ribeiro, Milena de Barros Viana","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0078","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0078","url":null,"abstract":"Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating disorder, characterized by fear and anxiety in social situations. Evidence suggests that the levels of SAD are rising, in particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy are effective treatments for SAD. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients do not respond well to these therapeutic options. During the last years, Cannabis and cannabinoid-containing products have been investigated for the treatment of different neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, their efficacy for the treatment of anxiety disorders is still a matter of debate. The purpose of this review was to investigate subjective, behavioral, and neurobiological effects of Cannabis and cannabinoids in social anxiety and SAD. A search in the PubMed database for articles published between the years of 2003-2023 was conducted. One hundred and seventeen (117) original studies were identified. After the exclusion criteria, eighteen (18) studies were selected. The studies investigated the effects of the cannabinoids Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in patients or healthy volunteers submitted to tasks that assessed social anxiety. Results showed that CBD decreases social anxiety, producing an inverted U-shaped curve, with anxiety measurements being reduced at intermediate doses administered orally (300-600 mg), but not at lower or higher doses. THC either reduces (lower doses, 6-7.5 mg) or increases (higher doses) social anxiety measurements. CBD attenuates the anxiogenic effects of THC. The effects of THC and CBD in anxiety are associated to the modulation of fronto-limbic regions. Further clinical trials, conducted with male and female patients and larger cohorts are still necessary to consolidate these results.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frontmatter 头版头条

3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-frontmatter7

引用次数: 0

Understanding visual processing of motion: completing the picture using experimentally driven computational models of MT. 理解运动的视觉处理：使用实验驱动的MT计算模型完成图片。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Print Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0052

Parvin Zarei Eskikand, David B Grayden, Tatiana Kameneva, Anthony N Burkitt, Michael R Ibbotson

引用次数: 0

Automated diagnosis of autism with artificial intelligence: State of the art. 人工智能自动诊断自闭症：最新技术。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Print Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0050

Amir Valizadeh, Mana Moassefi, Amin Nakhostin-Ansari, Soheil Heidari Some'eh, Hossein Hosseini-Asl, Mehrnush Saghab Torbati, Reyhaneh Aghajani, Zahra Maleki Ghorbani, Iman Menbari-Oskouie, Faezeh Aghajani, Alireza Mirzamohamadi, Mohammad Ghafouri, Shahriar Faghani, Amir Hossein Memari

{"title":"Automated diagnosis of autism with artificial intelligence: State of the art.","authors":"Amir Valizadeh, Mana Moassefi, Amin Nakhostin-Ansari, Soheil Heidari Some'eh, Hossein Hosseini-Asl, Mehrnush Saghab Torbati, Reyhaneh Aghajani, Zahra Maleki Ghorbani, Iman Menbari-Oskouie, Faezeh Aghajani, Alireza Mirzamohamadi, Mohammad Ghafouri, Shahriar Faghani, Amir Hossein Memari","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0050","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0050","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represents a panel of conditions that begin during the developmental period and result in impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning. Early diagnosis is directly related to a better prognosis. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of ASD requires a long and exhausting subjective process. We aimed to review the state of the art for automated autism diagnosis and recognition in this research. In February 2022, we searched multiple databases and sources of gray literature for eligible studies. We used an adapted version of the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the risk of bias in the studies. A brief report of the methods and results of each study is presented. Data were synthesized for each modality separately using the Split Component Synthesis (SCS) method. We assessed heterogeneity using the I 2 statistics and evaluated publication bias using trim and fill tests combined with ln DOR. Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach for diagnostic studies. We included 344 studies from 186,020 participants (51,129 are estimated to be unique) for nine different modalities in this review, from which 232 reported sufficient data for meta-analysis. The area under the curve was in the range of 0.71-0.90 for all the modalities. The studies on EEG data provided the best accuracy, with the area under the curve ranging between 0.85 and 0.93. We found that the literature is rife with bias and methodological/reporting flaws. Recommendations are provided for future research to provide better studies and fill in the current knowledge gaps.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"141-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10552799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Brain-breath" interactions: respiration-timing-dependent impact on functional brain networks and beyond. "大脑与呼吸 "之间的相互作用：呼吸计时对大脑功能网络及其他方面的影响。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Print Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0062

Nozomu H Nakamura, Yoshitaka Oku, Masaki Fukunaga

{"title":"\"Brain-breath\" interactions: respiration-timing-dependent impact on functional brain networks and beyond.","authors":"Nozomu H Nakamura, Yoshitaka Oku, Masaki Fukunaga","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0062","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2023-0062","url":null,"abstract":"Breathing is a natural daily action that one cannot do without, and it sensitively and intensely changes under various situations. What if this essential act of breathing can impact our overall well-being? Recent studies have demonstrated that breathing oscillations couple with higher brain functions, i.e., perception, motor actions, and cognition. Moreover, the timing of breathing, a phase transition from exhalation to inhalation, modulates specific cortical activity and accuracy in cognitive tasks. To determine possible respiratory roles in attentional and memory processes and functional neural networks, we discussed how breathing interacts with the brain that are measured by electrophysiology and functional neuroimaging: (i) respiration-dependent modulation of mental health and cognition; (ii) respiratory rhythm generation and respiratory pontomedullary networks in the brainstem; (iii) respiration-dependent effects on specific brainstem regions and functional neural networks (e.g., glutamatergic PreBötzinger complex neurons, GABAergic parafacial neurons, adrenergic C1 neurons, parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus, temporoparietal junction, default-mode network, ventral attention network, and cingulo-opercular salience network); and (iv) a potential application of breathing manipulation in mental health care. These outlines and considerations of \"brain-breath\" interactions lead to a better understanding of the interoceptive and cognitive mechanisms that underlie brain-body interactions in health conditions and in stress-related and neuropsychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"165-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0