{"title":"Evaluation and surgical approaches to gynecologic pelvic pain in pediatric patients.","authors":"Jourdin Batchelor, Jessica Y Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelvic pain is a common concern among adolescent females, with gynecologic etiologies ranging from dysmenorrhea, most often due to endometriosis, to obstructive anomalies and adnexal masses. Evaluation requires a detailed history, including menstrual and pain characteristics, functional impact, and relevant family history, as well as a focused physical exam tailored to the adolescent's developmental stage and comfort. Pelvic ultrasonography is often the initial imaging modality, with additional imaging and laboratory testing as adjuncts. Endometriosis, the leading cause of secondary dysmenorrhea, frequently presents with debilitating pain and may require diagnostic laparoscopy if pain persists despite medical therapy. Given the variation in practice patterns and the involvement of multiple specialties, coordinated, evidence-based care is essential. This review outlines the evaluation and surgical management of gynecologic pelvic pain in the pediatric and adolescent population, with a focus on endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"151538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathleen Heller, Stephanie Brierley, Natalya Foreman, Erica M Weidler, Kathleen van Leeuwen
{"title":"Differences in sex development: Taking inventory of function and anatomy to empower self care.","authors":"Kathleen Heller, Stephanie Brierley, Natalya Foreman, Erica M Weidler, Kathleen van Leeuwen","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The umbrella term disorders of sexual development (DSD) encompasses a broad spectrum of congenital conditions with atypical chromosomal, gonadal or anatomic sex development<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup>. These conditions include mosaic chromosomal disorders, gonadal disorders of development, disorders of androgen synthesis, action or excess, and anatomical disorders, such as cloacal anomalies or mullerian structural errors<sup>1</sup>. The incidence of DSD is estimated to be around 1% of all live births<sup>2</sup>. DSD patients can also be considered to have congenital conditions affecting reproductive development (CCARD) and an important element of their care as the age is taking regular inventory of their anatomy so decisions regarding medical, surgical and psychological options can be made. There are many specialties that are asked to help these families, including pediatricians, endocrinologists, urologists, pediatrics surgeons and, as they age, pediatric/adolescent gynecologists and adult gynecologists. Keeping the message consistent is difficult across such a wide spectrum of specialists. Tools that can offer a review of the function of the body and, in particular, the specific anatomy unique to these diagnoses, is essential. We present a review of common DSD or CCARD conditions and propose education delivered at typical milestones to help empower decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"151537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ken Chen, Shuhao Zhang, Zhigang Gao, Qingjiang Chen
{"title":"Developments and prospects of robotic-assisted surgery in the treatment of pediatric Hirschsprung's disease: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Ken Chen, Shuhao Zhang, Zhigang Gao, Qingjiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the continuous advancement of surgical instruments and techniques, laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery (LMIS) has become a standard practice in many pediatric medical centers. LMIS offers significant benefits over traditional open surgery, including reduced perioperative complications and enhanced postoperative recovery. In comparison to laparoscopic surgery, the robotic system is equipped with magnified 3D image, superior visualization, dexterity and tremor filter, enabling more precise operative actions, stable control, and clearer exposure of surgical field, facilitating the handling of deep anatomical structures and protecting critical blood vessels and nerves. Robotic surgery represents the pinnacle of precision in minimally invasive techniques and is gaining popularity among surgeons for complex reconstructive procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"151527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy and safety of single-port versus multi-port laparoscopic surgery for pediatric inguinal hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Guiquan Fan, Xindan Zhang, Yongke He, Xiaogang Lu, Zongyang Pang, Xiyang Gan","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of single-port versus multi-port laparoscopic surgery in pediatric inguinal hernia repair through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted up to December 2024. Studies comparing single-port and multi-port laparoscopic surgery in pediatric inguinal hernia patients were included. Two researchers independently assessed study quality and extracted data. Primary outcomes were surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications. Stata 15.1 was used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies with 3,494 pediatric patients were included. No significant differences were found in postoperative recurrence (RR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.22 to 1.26), complications (RR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.30 to 1.19), or hospital stay (SMD = -0.34, 95%CI: -0.88 to 0.21). However, single-port surgery resulted in significantly less intraoperative blood loss (SMD = -2.87, 95% CI: -4.43 to -1.31) and shorter bilateral hernia repair time (SMD = -0.93, 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.16), with better cosmetic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both approaches are safe and effective. Single-port surgery offers advantages in minimizing scarring, reducing blood loss, and shortening surgery time for bilateral cases but requires advanced skills and is unsuitable for larger or complex hernias. Multi-port surgery provides more flexibility for complex cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"151526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenna S. Lee , Emma Kirkpatrick , Lorraine I. Kelley-Quon
{"title":"Advancing advocacy for evidence-based opioid stewardship","authors":"Jenna S. Lee , Emma Kirkpatrick , Lorraine I. Kelley-Quon","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opioids are frequently prescribed for postsurgical and acute pain management for both adults and children. However, research has shown that overprescription and improper handling of these medications contribute to problematic substance use, dependency, and overdose among the pediatric population. Despite increased awareness and efforts to mitigate the opioid epidemic, challenges persist, including inconsistent prescribing practices, inadequate education on safe disposal practices, gaps in prescription monitoring systems, and barriers to naloxone availability. In this review, we will highlight actionable steps and strategies for advocacy and intervention to reduce the burden of the opioid crisis in children and adolescents. Key topics include the critical role of opioid stewardship when managing postoperative pain, the importance of family engagement and education on safe disposal methods, the ongoing challenges of safe prescribing and monitoring, and opportunities to extend substance use screening and treatment referral for injured adolescents. Additionally, we will highlight policy recommendations to promote equitable access and availability of harm reduction tools such as naloxone. These strategies, if implemented together, can significantly reduce the risks associated with pediatric opioid use and mitigate the impact of the opioid epidemic on children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 151524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace A. Nicksa , Nicole Chicoine , Linda T. Li , Ramin Jamshidi , Alison J. Lehane , Mehul V. Raval , Sarah D. King , Sarah Greenberg
{"title":"Protecting our patients’ future through perioperative sustainability: Action and advocacy for the pediatric surgeon","authors":"Grace A. Nicksa , Nicole Chicoine , Linda T. Li , Ramin Jamshidi , Alison J. Lehane , Mehul V. Raval , Sarah D. King , Sarah Greenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is a significant threat to human health and health equity. Marginalized populations, including children, are most impacted by our rapidly changing environment. Both the prevalence of pediatric surgical disease, as well as the ability to deliver surgical care, are affected by climate change. Ironically, healthcare systems have a significant, deleterious effect on the planet. However, there are many proven mitigation strategies to reduce the injurious climate impact of the delivery of surgical services, augment equity, and improve health. We describe five domains through which pediatric surgical care providers can act to generate more sustainable healthcare systems: reduce, repurpose, reuse, refuse, and recycle. We highlight successful examples instituted through various healthcare organizations and provide recommendations that pediatric surgical care providers can use to support the health of our planet through their daily work. These actions can increase sustainability, reduce cost, and promote equity for our patients and future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 151518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baddr A. Shakhsheer , Saunders Lin , Deborah S. Loeff
{"title":"The ethics of surgical advocacy","authors":"Baddr A. Shakhsheer , Saunders Lin , Deborah S. Loeff","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physician advocacy continues to be controversial. The concept of social medicine is long-standing, though its optimal, even permissible, contemporary application remains dubious. Physicians may be motivated to become active advocates but ought to appreciate ethical concerns regarding the impact of their actions, both on patients and the larger healthcare landscape. This manuscript explores the ethical implications of physician advocacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 151528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"fm i -- Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/S1055-8586(25)00064-2","DOIUrl":"10.1053/S1055-8586(25)00064-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 151532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanne Baerg, Amanpreet Brar, Bindi Naik-Mathuria, Marion C Henry, Kenneth W Gow
{"title":"The role of pediatric surgeons in advocating against hazardous consumer products.","authors":"Joanne Baerg, Amanpreet Brar, Bindi Naik-Mathuria, Marion C Henry, Kenneth W Gow","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hazardous consumer products are a leading cause of preventable injuries among children, despite oversight by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). With their unique clinical insights, pediatric surgeons can play a critical role in advocating for improved product safety standards. This paper explores strategies for reducing injuries linked to products like all-terrain vehicles, button batteries, and magnets, emphasizing using injury data, collaboration with policymakers and manufacturers, and engagement with professional organizations. It also underscores the need for advocacy training in surgical education to prepare surgeons to lead these efforts. Importantly, it highlights the crucial role of public awareness campaigns in engaging the community and fostering a safety culture. By aligning clinical expertise with public health initiatives, pediatric surgeons can support the CPSC's mission and foster safer environments for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"151519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah King, Keyonna M Williams, Byron D Hughes, Erika A Newman
{"title":"Health advocacy through translational science: an experimental model to quantify the impact of human social stressors on health outcomes.","authors":"Sarah King, Keyonna M Williams, Byron D Hughes, Erika A Newman","doi":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2025.151516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Health status and outcomes are known to be impacted by social stressors, yet social-political change to improve health outcomes through social determinants of health is stagnant. The well understood associations between social stressors and health are often chronic in nature and are without causal evidence. A new model that demonstrates a clear cause and effect between food insecurity and accelerated tumor growth has the potential to change the way public health scientists and advocates frame their arguments for change. This model provides a novel framework for ethically sound, controllable, and translatable social determinants of health research based in objective science. Implementation of this model across other human stressors and pathologies will lay the groundwork for irrefutable evidence to support social-political change for improved health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49543,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pediatric Surgery","volume":"35 ","pages":"151516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}