Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri最新文献

{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis and Research Trends of MRI Findings in Placenta Previa","authors":"Abudounaibi Abudoueryimu, Chen QiaoHui, Aibibiguli Xirefu, Maimaitiming Mahemuti, Zulifeiya Maihemuti, Wurelika Aili, Guzailinuer Keremu, Aisikaierjiang Yalikun, Nuerguli Yusuyun","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This bibliometric analysis aims to identify current research hotspots and future trends in MRI studies of placenta previa, offering valuable insights for further research and advancing imaging techniques in this field. A literature search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 2014 to December 2024 using a comprehensive search strategy encompassing terms related to placenta previa and MRI. The collected data (including authors, keywords, journals, countries, institutions, and references) were visualized and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.3. R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20. A total of 281 articles were identified, of which 206 met the inclusion criteria (176 original articles and 30 reviews). These articles were authored by 1123 researchers from 343 institutions across 36 countries and published in 88 journals. The most productive countries were China (76 articles), the USA (47), and Japan (29). The USA and Italy exhibited higher average citations per article (34.8 and 41.7, respectively), indicating substantial international influence.The included articles cited 2838 references from 819 journals. MRI applications in placenta previa have gained increasing attention, with a recent focus on placenta accreta spectrum and MRI features. While China has made significant contributions, enhancing international academic impact remains important. Future research should emphasize technological innovation, international collaboration, and combined imaging modalities to further improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div>This bibliometric analysis aims to identify current research hotspots and future trends in MRI studies of placenta previa, offering valuable insights for further research and advancing imaging techniques in this field. A literature search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 2014 to December 2024 using a comprehensive search strategy encompassing terms related to placenta previa and MRI. The collected data (including authors, keywords, journals, countries, institutions, and references) were visualized and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.3. R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20. A total of 281 articles were identified, of which 206 met the inclusion criteria (176 original articles and 30 reviews). These articles were authored by 1123 researchers from 343 institutions across 36 countries and published in 88 journals. The most productive countries were China (76 articles), the USA (47), and Japan (29). The USA and Italy exhibited higher average citations per article (34.8 and 41.7, respectively), indicating substantial international influence.The included articles cited 2838 references from 819 journals. MRI applications in placenta previa have gained increasing attention, with a recent focus on placenta accreta spectrum and MRI features. While China has made significant contributions, enhancing international academic impact remains important. Future research should emphasize technological i","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 118-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Renal Stiffness Using Shear Wave Elastography for Pathological Staging in Chronic Nephritis Syndrome","authors":"Qingyue Yang, Tingyue Qi, Hongguang Sun","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the clinical utility of shear wave elastography (SWE) for quantifying renal stiffness in chronic nephritis syndrome (CNS) and correlate it with histopathological staging. A study involving 95 CNS patients and 95 healthy controls was conducted with ethical approval. All participants underwent bilateral renal SWE to measure cortical stiffness (Young's modulus, YM). CNS patients underwent ultrasound-guided renal biopsies. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine were also assessed. ANOVA, ROC curves, and Spearman's rank correlation were used for statistical analysis. Significant differences (p < 0.001) in bilateral renal YM Emax, Emean, and Emin values were observed between CNS and control groups, with CNS patients exhibiting higher values. ROC analysis indicated that bilateral renal YM Emax (AUC = 0.94), YM Emean (AUC = 0.86), and YM Emin (AUC = 0.90) were significant predictors of CNS. The pathological type of CNS significantly influenced bilateral renal YM Emin (p = 0.044), with SLE exhibiting lower values. Subgroup analysis by eGFR stage revealed significant differences in all YM parameters across stages (p < 0.05), with advanced stages (4-5) showing the highest mean values. Spearman's correlation showed positive correlations between YM parameters and serum creatinine, 24-hour urine protein excretion, and cystatin C (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), and negative correlations with eGFR (p < 0.01). SWE is a non-invasive tool for assessing renal stiffness and damage in the CNS by measuring Young’s modulus. Increased SWE-derived renal elastic modulus values correlate with the progression of renal fibrosis in CNS patients.</div></div><div>To evaluate the clinical utility of shear wave elastography (SWE) for quantifying renal stiffness in chronic nephritis syndrome (CNS) and correlate it with histopathological staging. A study involving 95 CNS patients and 95 healthy controls was conducted with ethical approval. All participants underwent bilateral renal SWE to measure cortical stiffness (Young's modulus, YM). CNS patients underwent ultrasound-guided renal biopsies. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum creatinine were also assessed. ANOVA, ROC curves, and Spearman's rank correlation were used for statistical analysis. Significant differences (p < 0.001) in bilateral renal YM Emax, Emean, and Emin values were observed between CNS and control groups, with CNS patients exhibiting higher values. ROC analysis indicated that bilateral renal YM Emax (AUC = 0.94), YM Emean (AUC = 0.86), and YM Emin (AUC = 0.90) were significant predictors of CNS. The pathological type of CNS significantly influenced bilateral renal YM Emin (p = 0.044), with SLE exhibiting lower values. Subgroup analysis by eGFR stage revealed significant differences in all YM parameters across stages (p < 0.05), with advanced stages (4-5) showing the highest mean values. Spearman's correlation showed positive correlatio","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147989793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on PET Imaging of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms","authors":"Charanjeet Singh MD,&nbsp;Mamta Gupta MD,&nbsp;Ananya Panda MBBS, MD, DNB, FRCR,&nbsp;Anjali Prakash MD,&nbsp;Joyce Mhlanga MD,&nbsp;Onofrio Antonio Catalano MD, PhD,&nbsp;Mayur K. Virarkar MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Positron emission tomography (PET) now complements ultrasound, CT, and MRI by enabling whole-body assessment of tumor biology in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) directed PET is the reference standard for staging, prognostication, and selection for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), while ¹⁸F-FDG PET identifies aggressive, dedifferentiated components that may be refractory to receptor-targeted strategies. Recent Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging/European Association of Nuclear Medicine (SNMMI/EANM) guidelines standardize SSTR PET/CT procedures and reporting. Emerging advances include fluorinated SSTR ligands (e.g., ¹⁸F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide, ¹⁸F-SiTATE), SSTR antagonists (JR11 family), copper-64 theranostics (⁶⁴Cu-SARTATE), and non-SSTR targets such as GLP-1R, CXCR4, and FAP. Hybrid PET/MRI improves hepatic lesion characterization and reduces radiation in appropriate patients, while CT/MRI remains indispensable for morphology and complications. Integrating multi-tracer PET with anatomic imaging refines risk stratification, PRRT selection, and longitudinal response assessment.</div></div><div>Positron emission tomography (PET) now complements ultrasound, CT, and MRI by enabling whole-body assessment of tumor biology in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) directed PET is the reference standard for staging, prognostication, and selection for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), while ¹⁸F-FDG PET identifies aggressive, dedifferentiated components that may be refractory to receptor-targeted strategies. Recent Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging/European Association of Nuclear Medicine (SNMMI/EANM) guidelines standardize SSTR PET/CT procedures and reporting. Emerging advances include fluorinated SSTR ligands (e.g., ¹⁸F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide, ¹⁸F-SiTATE), SSTR antagonists (JR11 family), copper-64 theranostics (⁶⁴Cu-SARTATE), and non-SSTR targets such as GLP-1R, CXCR4, and FAP. Hybrid PET/MRI improves hepatic lesion characterization and reduces radiation in appropriate patients, while CT/MRI remains indispensable for morphology and complications. Integrating multi-tracer PET with anatomic imaging refines risk stratification, PRRT selection, and longitudinal response assessment.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 226-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148195219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater, Lesser, and Third Occipital Nerve Entrapment: Sonographic Anatomy and Imaging","authors":"Michelle Fenech,&nbsp;Samantha Jackson,&nbsp;Jerome Boyle","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occipital neuralgia causes stabbing, burning, or throbbing pain and dysthesia in the distribution of the greater, lesser, and third occipital nerves (ONs), which extends from the suboccipital region to the vertex of the head. There can be crossover between occipital neuralgia symptoms and headaches, which can confuse the clinical picture. Ultrasound imaging can demonstrate the ONs, identify occipital neuropathy, including neural entrapment, and guide nerve blocks to address pain. The ONs are small, and the muscles of the posterolateral neck signpost their position sonographically; however, the relative sonographic imaging appearances and anatomy of these muscles can be underappreciated, which can make imaging the ONs challenging. This review unpacks the relative sonographic anatomy of the ONs, including the postero-lateral neck muscles, and the sonographic technique to identify and image the muscles and ONs, including outlining points of ON entrapment.</div></div><div>Occipital neuralgia causes stabbing, burning, or throbbing pain and dysthesia in the distribution of the greater, lesser, and third occipital nerves (ONs), which extends from the suboccipital region to the vertex of the head. There can be crossover between occipital neuralgia symptoms and headaches, which can confuse the clinical picture. Ultrasound imaging can demonstrate the ONs, identify occipital neuropathy, including neural entrapment, and guide nerve blocks to address pain. The ONs are small, and the muscles of the posterolateral neck signpost their position sonographically; however, the relative sonographic imaging appearances and anatomy of these muscles can be underappreciated, which can make imaging the ONs challenging. This review unpacks the relative sonographic anatomy of the ONs, including the postero-lateral neck muscles, and the sonographic technique to identify and image the muscles and ONs, including outlining points of ON entrapment.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 198-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of Adrenal and Extra-Adrenal Paraganglioma","authors":"Kedar G. Sharbidre MD,&nbsp;Charanjeet Singh MD,&nbsp;Malak Itani MD,&nbsp;Joyce Mhlanga MD,&nbsp;Ananya Panda MD,&nbsp;Hina Arif MD,&nbsp;Ajaykumar C. Morani MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms with variable degrees of heritability and molecular heterogeneity. Over the past 2 decades, advances in cross‑sectional and functional imaging have transformed the diagnosis of PPGL, its risk stratification, and patient‑tailored treatment planning. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging form the basis of anatomic mapping, whereas molecular imaging with newer agents such as somatostatin‑receptor (SSTR) analog positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), ¹⁸F‑fluoro‑L‑dihydroxyphenylalanine (¹⁸F‑FDOPA), ¹⁸F‑fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F‑FDG), and radio iodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I/¹³¹I‑MIBG) enables phenotype‑directed staging and therapy selection. Contemporary consensus places somatostatin‑receptor analogues such as ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ⁶⁴Cu-DOTATATE at the center of head‑and‑neck paraganglioma, SDHx‑mutated disease, sporadic or hereditary head‑and‑neck paragangliomas, and metastatic PPGLs, while ¹⁸F‑FDOPA is increasingly favored for adrenal pheochromocytoma (PCC); and ¹⁸F‑FDG complements both by detecting aggressive biology. MIBG now is only considered for inoperable or metastatic PPGLs under consideration for ¹³¹I‑MIBG therapy.</div></div><div>Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms with variable degrees of heritability and molecular heterogeneity. Over the past 2 decades, advances in cross‑sectional and functional imaging have transformed the diagnosis of PPGL, its risk stratification, and patient‑tailored treatment planning. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging form the basis of anatomic mapping, whereas molecular imaging with newer agents such as somatostatin‑receptor (SSTR) analog positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), ¹⁸F‑fluoro‑L‑dihydroxyphenylalanine (¹⁸F‑FDOPA), ¹⁸F‑fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F‑FDG), and radio iodinated metaiodobenzylguanidine (¹²³I/¹³¹I‑MIBG) enables phenotype‑directed staging and therapy selection. Contemporary consensus places somatostatin‑receptor analogues such as ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ⁶⁴Cu-DOTATATE at the center of head‑and‑neck paraganglioma, SDHx‑mutated disease, sporadic or hereditary head‑and‑neck paragangliomas, and metastatic PPGLs, while ¹⁸F‑FDOPA is increasingly favored for adrenal pheochromocytoma (PCC); and ¹⁸F‑FDG complements both by detecting aggressive biology. MIBG now is only considered for inoperable or metastatic PPGLs under consideration for ¹³¹I‑MIBG therapy.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 188-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148260209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned From an Executive Leadership Development Program and Their Impact on Academic Radiology","authors":"Mariam Moshiri MD, MBA, FSAR, FSRU","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Academic medical centers, and particularly academic radiology, are undergoing profound transformations driven by factors such as expansion of clinical workload, workforce shortages, progressive expectations for educational and research activities, increasing enterprise integration, and the need for rapid adoption of new and developing technologies such as artificial intelligence. As a result, radiologists are increasingly expected to assume formal, and at times, informal leadership roles that require influencing organizational culture, leading complex change, and coordinating multidisciplinary or matrixed teams—often without structured leadership training or preparation. This article highlights lessons learned from participation in an executive leadership development program, outlining the benefits and providing reference resources that can be used for self-development. Key themes include the centrality of self-awareness to leadership effectiveness, the role of emotional and cultural intelligence, the importance of psychological safety in team dynamics, recommendations for leading effective teams, and the necessity of deliberate change management strategies to mitigate cynicism and sustain trust. The article will demonstrate how intentional leadership development can strengthen departmental culture, enhance faculty engagement and retention, support innovation, and preserve radiology’s strategic influence within the increasingly complex academic health systems. A list of resources for self-development is provided in an Appendix.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Academic medical centers, and particularly academic radiology, are undergoing profound transformations driven by factors such as expansion of clinical workload, workforce shortages, progressive expectations for educational and research activities, increasing enterprise integration, and the need for rapid adoption of new and developing technologies such as artificial intelligence. As a result, radiologists are increasingly expected to assume formal, and at times, informal leadership roles that require influencing organizational culture, leading complex change, and coordinating multidisciplinary or matrixed teams—often without structured leadership training or preparation. This article highlights lessons learned from participation in an executive leadership development program, outlining the benefits and providing reference resources that can be used for self-development. Key themes include the centrality of self-awareness to leadership effectiveness, the role of emotional and cultural intelligence, the importance of psychological safety in team dynamics, recommendations for leading effective teams, and the necessity of deliberate change management strategies to mitigate cynicism and sustain trust. The article will demonstrate how intentional leadership development can strengthen departmental culture, enhance faculty engagement and retention, support innovation, and preserve radiology’s strategic in","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms in the Central Nervous System and Head and Neck","authors":"Nahyun C. Jo MD,&nbsp;Jamie C. Chang MD,&nbsp;Praneethkumar Madhu BS,&nbsp;Francis Deng MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the central nervous system and head and neck are rare and pose significant diagnostic challenges due to their varied clinical presentations and overlapping imaging appearances. This article reviews the latest nomenclature, multimodality imaging features, diagnostic approaches, and management considerations relevant to radiologists for the major neuroendocrine neoplasms affecting the pituitary gland, skull base, sinus, neck, and spine.</div></div><div>Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the central nervous system and head and neck are rare and pose significant diagnostic challenges due to their varied clinical presentations and overlapping imaging appearances. This article reviews the latest nomenclature, multimodality imaging features, diagnostic approaches, and management considerations relevant to radiologists for the major neuroendocrine neoplasms affecting the pituitary gland, skull base, sinus, neck, and spine.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 165-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148195212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms","authors":"Ananya Panda,&nbsp;Malak Itani,&nbsp;Joyce Mhlanga,&nbsp;Charanjeet Singh,&nbsp;Onofrio Antonio Catalano,&nbsp;Chandana Lall,&nbsp;Hina Arif-Tiwari,&nbsp;Linda Chu","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are heterogeneous tumors whose incidence has risen with advances in, and increased use of, cross sectional and endoscopic imaging. They range from well differentiated, often indolent neuroendocrine tumors to aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas. Most PNENs are non-functional and detected incidentally, whereas functional tumors present with hormone related clinical syndromes. Accurate diagnosis and staging rely on multimodality imaging. Pancreatic protocol CT and MRI remain first-line tools for anatomic assessment, providing information on tumor morphology, vascular involvement, and metastatic disease. MRI, particularly with diffusion weighted and hepatobiliary contrast imaging adds strength for detecting hepatic metastases. Functional imaging with somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET/CT or PET/MRI is essential for identifying SSTR expressing disease, guiding management, evaluating heterogeneity, and selecting candidates for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Dual tracer imaging with SSTR PET and ¹⁸F FDG provides prognostic insight and detects dedifferentiated tumor components. Ongoing challenges include standardized surveillance and response assessment to therapy. Emerging radiomics and artificial intelligence tools may hold promise for improving personalized management strategies.</div></div><div>Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are heterogeneous tumors whose incidence has risen with advances in, and increased use of, cross sectional and endoscopic imaging. They range from well differentiated, often indolent neuroendocrine tumors to aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas. Most PNENs are non-functional and detected incidentally, whereas functional tumors present with hormone related clinical syndromes. Accurate diagnosis and staging rely on multimodality imaging. Pancreatic protocol CT and MRI remain first-line tools for anatomic assessment, providing information on tumor morphology, vascular involvement, and metastatic disease. MRI, particularly with diffusion weighted and hepatobiliary contrast imaging adds strength for detecting hepatic metastases. Functional imaging with somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET/CT or PET/MRI is essential for identifying SSTR expressing disease, guiding management, evaluating heterogeneity, and selecting candidates for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Dual tracer imaging with SSTR PET and ¹⁸F FDG provides prognostic insight and detects dedifferentiated tumor components. Ongoing challenges include standardized surveillance and response assessment to therapy. Emerging radiomics and artificial intelligence tools may hold promise for improving personalized management strategies.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 149-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Neoplasms","authors":"Antonino Andrea Blandino MD,&nbsp;Luigi Asmundo MD,&nbsp;Elio Quiros MD,&nbsp;Mario V. Russo MD, MBA,&nbsp;Niloofar Karbasian MD,&nbsp;Ananya Panda MBBS, MD, DNB, FRCR,&nbsp;Charanjeet Singh MD,&nbsp;Malak Itani MD,&nbsp;Mayur Virarkar MBBS (MD),&nbsp;M. Lisa Zhang MD,&nbsp;Onofrio Antonio Catalano MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms (SB-NENs) are a distinct subgroup of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs), characterized by marked biological heterogeneity and a high prevalence of metastatic disease at diagnosis. Their frequently nonspecific clinical presentation, together with small and often multifocal primary lesions, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SB-NENs, focusing on recent epidemiological trends, key elements of the 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) classification and of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging System, and the central role of imaging in clinical management. Emphasis is placed on the complementary value of anatomical and molecular imaging modalities for tumor detection, staging, treatment planning, and response assessment. The key radiologist’s contribution to surgical planning is discussed, along with imaging strategies for follow-up and evaluation of treatment response.</div></div><div>Small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms (SB-NENs) are a distinct subgroup of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs), characterized by marked biological heterogeneity and a high prevalence of metastatic disease at diagnosis. Their frequently nonspecific clinical presentation, together with small and often multifocal primary lesions, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SB-NENs, focusing on recent epidemiological trends, key elements of the 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) classification and of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging System, and the central role of imaging in clinical management. Emphasis is placed on the complementary value of anatomical and molecular imaging modalities for tumor detection, staging, treatment planning, and response assessment. The key radiologist’s contribution to surgical planning is discussed, along with imaging strategies for follow-up and evaluation of treatment response.</div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 212-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Applications of High-Frequency Ultrasound in Filler Identification and Complication Management","authors":"Yali Tang MD,&nbsp;Zhanwen Wang MD,&nbsp;Mingjie Bi MD,&nbsp;Yiping Jia MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2026.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The growing use of soft tissue fillers in aesthetic medicine has increased complication rates. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) provides real-time imaging of fillers and adjacent tissues, aiding in filler identification, adverse event detection, and complication management. To summarize sonographic features of common soft tissue fillers and emphasize HFUS's role in filler identification, complication diagnosis, and treatment guidance. This review synthesizes recent studies and case reports on HFUS assessment of cosmetic fillers, analyzing ultrasound characteristics of filler materials, related complications, and guided interventions. Different fillers exhibit distinct ultrasound features. Hyaluronic acid (HA) typically appears as well-defined anechoic or hypoechoic pseudocystic areas. Calcium hydroxyapatite characteristically presents as irregular hyperechoic deposits with marked posterior acoustic shadowing. Polymethylmethacrylate demonstrates hyperechoic foci with characteristic comet-tail artifacts, whereas polycaprolactone appears as hypoechoic material containing scattered hyperechoic foci corresponding to suspended microspheres. Poly-L-lactic acid generally presents as hyperechoic subcutaneous deposits during the early post-injection period. HFUS enables accurate filler localization and real-time detection of complications, including nodules, vascular occlusion, and granulomatous reactions, while also supporting targeted ultrasound-guided interventions such as low-dose hyaluronidase injection. HFUS serves as a non-invasive, effective modality for identifying soft tissue fillers and managing complications. Its clinical adoption enhances diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic precision, and patient safety.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The growing use of soft tissue fillers in aesthetic medicine has increased complication rates. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) provides real-time imaging of fillers and adjacent tissues, aiding in filler identification, adverse event detection, and complication management. To summarize sonographic features of common soft tissue fillers and emphasize HFUS's role in filler identification, complication diagnosis, and treatment guidance. This review synthesizes recent studies and case reports on HFUS assessment of cosmetic fillers, analyzing ultrasound characteristics of filler materials, related complications, and guided interventions. Different fillers exhibit distinct ultrasound features. Hyaluronic acid (HA) typically appears as well-defined anechoic or hypoechoic pseudocystic areas. Calcium hydroxyapatite characteristically presents as irregular hyperechoic deposits with marked posterior acoustic shadowing. Polymethylmethacrylate demonstrates hyperechoic foci with characteristic comet-tail artifacts, whereas polycaprolactone appears as hypoechoic material containing scattered hyperechoic foci corresponding to suspended microspheres. Poly-L-lactic acid generally presents as hyperechoic subcutaneous deposits during the e","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"47 3","pages":"Pages 239-247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}