{"title":"Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for 3D–1D Systems","authors":"Rami Masri, Miroslav Kuchta, Beatrice Riviere","doi":"10.1137/23m1627390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1627390","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1814-1843, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. We propose and analyze discontinuous Galerkin (dG) approximations to 3D−1D coupled systems which model diffusion in a 3D domain containing a small inclusion reduced to its 1D centerline. Convergence to weak solutions of a steady state problem is established via deriving a posteriori error estimates and bounds on residuals defined with suitable lift operators. For the time-dependent problem, a backward Euler dG formulation is also presented and analyzed. Further, we propose a dG method for networks embedded in 3D domains, which is, up to jump terms, locally mass conservative on bifurcation points. Numerical examples in idealized geometries portray our theoretical findings, and simulations in realistic 1D networks show the robustness of our method.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaushik Bhattacharya, Nikola B. Kovachki, Aakila Rajan, Andrew M. Stuart, Margaret Trautner
{"title":"Learning Homogenization for Elliptic Operators","authors":"Kaushik Bhattacharya, Nikola B. Kovachki, Aakila Rajan, Andrew M. Stuart, Margaret Trautner","doi":"10.1137/23m1585015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1585015","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1844-1873, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. Multiscale partial differential equations (PDEs) arise in various applications, and several schemes have been developed to solve them efficiently. Homogenization theory is a powerful methodology that eliminates the small-scale dependence, resulting in simplified equations that are computationally tractable while accurately predicting the macroscopic response. In the field of continuum mechanics, homogenization is crucial for deriving constitutive laws that incorporate microscale physics in order to formulate balance laws for the macroscopic quantities of interest. However, obtaining homogenized constitutive laws is often challenging as they do not in general have an analytic form and can exhibit phenomena not present on the microscale. In response, data-driven learning of the constitutive law has been proposed as appropriate for this task. However, a major challenge in data-driven learning approaches for this problem has remained unexplored: the impact of discontinuities and corner interfaces in the underlying material. These discontinuities in the coefficients affect the smoothness of the solutions of the underlying equations. Given the prevalence of discontinuous materials in continuum mechanics applications, it is important to address the challenge of learning in this context, in particular, to develop underpinning theory that establishes the reliability of data-driven methods in this scientific domain. The paper addresses this unexplored challenge by investigating the learnability of homogenized constitutive laws for elliptic operators in the presence of such complexities. Approximation theory is presented, and numerical experiments are performed which validate the theory in the context of learning the solution operator defined by the cell problem arising in homogenization for elliptic PDEs.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal [math] Error Analysis of a Loosely Coupled Finite Element Scheme for Thin-Structure Interactions","authors":"Buyang Li, Weiwei Sun, Yupei Xie, Wenshan Yu","doi":"10.1137/23m1578401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1578401","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1782-1813, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. Finite element methods and kinematically coupled schemes that decouple the fluid velocity and structure displacement have been extensively studied for incompressible fluid-structure interactions (FSIs) over the past decade. While these methods are known to be stable and easy to implement, optimal error analysis has remained challenging. Previous work has primarily relied on the classical elliptic projection technique, which is only suitable for parabolic problems and does not lead to optimal convergence of numerical solutions for the FSI problems in the standard [math] norm. In this article, we propose a new stable fully discrete kinematically coupled scheme for the incompressible FSI thin-structure model and establish a new approach for the numerical analysis of FSI problems in terms of a newly introduced coupled nonstationary Ritz projection, which allows us to prove the optimal-order convergence of the proposed method in the [math] norm. The methodology presented in this article is also applicable to numerous other FSI models and serves as a fundamental tool for advancing research in this field.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polynomial Interpolation of Function Averages on Interval Segments","authors":"Ludovico Bruni Bruno, Wolfgang Erb","doi":"10.1137/23m1598271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1598271","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1759-1781, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. Motivated by polynomial approximations of differential forms, we study analytical and numerical properties of a polynomial interpolation problem that relies on function averages over interval segments. The usage of segment data gives rise to new theoretical and practical aspects that distinguish this problem considerably from classical nodal interpolation. We will analyze fundamental mathematical properties of this problem as existence, uniqueness, and numerical conditioning of its solution. In a few selected scenarios, we will provide concrete conditions for unisolvence and explicit Lagrange-type basis systems for its representation. To study the numerical conditioning, we will provide respective concrete bounds for the Lebesgue constant.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equations with Infinite Delay: Pseudospectral Discretization for Numerical Stability and Bifurcation in an Abstract Framework","authors":"Francesca Scarabel, Rossana Vermiglio","doi":"10.1137/23m1581133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1581133","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1736-1758, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. We consider nonlinear delay differential and renewal equations with infinite delay. We extend the work of Gyllenberg et al. [Appl. Math. Comput., 333 (2018), pp. 490–505] by introducing a unifying abstract framework, and we derive a finite-dimensional approximating system via pseudospectral discretization. For renewal equations, we consider a reformulation in the space of absolutely continuous functions via integration. We prove the one-to-one correspondence of equilibria between the original equation and its approximation, and that linearization and discretization commute. Our most important result is the proof of convergence of the characteristic roots of the pseudospectral approximation of the linear(ized) equations when the collocation nodes are chosen as the family of scaled zeros or extrema of Laguerre polynomials. This ensures that the finite-dimensional system correctly reproduces the stability properties of the original linear equation if the dimension of the approximation is large enough. The result is illustrated with several numerical tests, which also demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach for the bifurcation analysis of equilibria of nonlinear equations. The new approach used to prove convergence also provides the exact location of the spectrum of the differentiation matrices for the Laguerre zeros and extrema, adding new insights into properties that are important in the numerical solution of differential equations by pseudospectral methods.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accurately Recover Global Quasiperiodic Systems by Finite Points","authors":"Kai Jiang, Qi Zhou, Pingwen Zhang","doi":"10.1137/23m1620247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1620247","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1713-1735, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. Quasiperiodic systems, related to irrational numbers, are space-filling structures without decay or translation invariance. How to accurately recover these systems, especially for low-regularity cases, presents a big challenge in numerical computation. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, the finite points recovery (FPR) method, which is available for both continuous and low-regularity cases, to address this challenge. The FPR method first establishes a homomorphism between the lower-dimensional definition domain of quasiperiodic function and the higher-dimensional torus, and then recovers the global quasiperiodic system by employing an interpolation technique with finite points in the definition domain without dimensional lifting. Furthermore, we develop accurate and efficient strategies of selecting finite points according to the arithmetic properties of irrational numbers. The corresponding mathematical theory, convergence analysis, and computational complexity analysis on choosing finite points are presented. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the FPR approach in recovering both continuous quasiperiodic functions and piecewise constant Fibonacci quasicrystals while existing spectral methods encounter difficulties in recovering piecewise constant quasiperiodic functions.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Duality-Based Error Control for the Signorini Problem","authors":"Ben S. Ashby, Tristan Pryer","doi":"10.1137/22m1534791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/22m1534791","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1687-1712, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. In this paper we study the a posteriori bounds for a conforming piecewise linear finite element approximation of the Signorini problem. We prove new rigorous a posteriori estimates of residual type in [math], for [math] in two spatial dimensions. This new analysis treats the positive and negative parts of the discretization error separately, requiring a novel sign- and bound-preserving interpolant, which is shown to have optimal approximation properties. The estimates rely on the sharp dual stability results on the problem in [math] for any [math]. We summarize extensive numerical experiments aimed at testing the robustness of the estimator to validate the theory.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finite Element Discretization of the Steady, Generalized Navier–Stokes Equations with Inhomogeneous Dirichlet Boundary Conditions","authors":"Julius Jeßberger, Alex Kaltenbach","doi":"10.1137/23m1607398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1607398","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1660-1686, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. We propose a finite element discretization for the steady, generalized Navier–Stokes equations for fluids with shear-dependent viscosity, completed with inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions and an inhomogeneous divergence constraint. We establish (weak) convergence of discrete solutions as well as a priori error estimates for the velocity vector field and the scalar kinematic pressure. Numerical experiments complement the theoretical findings.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discrete Maximal Regularity for the Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Stepping Method without Logarithmic Factor","authors":"Takahito Kashiwabara, Tomoya Kemmochi","doi":"10.1137/23m1580802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1580802","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1638-1659, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. Maximal regularity is a kind of a priori estimate for parabolic-type equations, and it plays an important role in the theory of nonlinear differential equations. The aim of this paper is to investigate the temporally discrete counterpart of maximal regularity for the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) time-stepping method. We will establish such an estimate without logarithmic factor over a quasi-uniform temporal mesh. To show the main result, we introduce the temporally regularized Green’s function and then reduce the discrete maximal regularity to a weighted error estimate for its DG approximation. Our results would be useful for investigation of DG approximation of nonlinear parabolic problems.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On a New Class of BDF and IMEX Schemes for Parabolic Type Equations","authors":"Fukeng Huang, Jie Shen","doi":"10.1137/23m1612986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1612986","url":null,"abstract":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, Volume 62, Issue 4, Page 1609-1637, August 2024. <br/> Abstract. When applying the classical multistep schemes for solving differential equations, one often faces the dilemma that smaller time steps are needed with higher-order schemes, making it impractical to use high-order schemes for stiff problems. We construct in this paper a new class of BDF and implicit-explicit schemes for parabolic type equations based on the Taylor expansions at time [math] with [math] being a tunable parameter. These new schemes, with a suitable [math], allow larger time steps at higher order for stiff problems than that which is allowed with a usual higher-order scheme. For parabolic type equations, we identify an explicit uniform multiplier for the new second- to fourth-order schemes and conduct rigorously stability and error analysis by using the energy argument. We also present ample numerical examples to validate our findings.","PeriodicalId":49527,"journal":{"name":"SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141631349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}