Soil & Tillage Research最新文献

{"title":"Coupled iron oxides and microbial-mediated soil organic carbon stabilization across tea plantation chronosequences","authors":"Quan Tang ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Feiyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenxia Dai ,&nbsp;Zhenwang Li ,&nbsp;Shengsen Wang ,&nbsp;Weiqin Yin ,&nbsp;Yi Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaozhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil acidification due to long-term tea plantations is a pervasive problem that may affect soil organic carbon (SOC) preservation by altering organo-mineral interactions. Nevertheless, how iron (Fe) minerals and microbes regulate SOC stabilization with increasing years of tea plantation establishment remains unclear. By analyzing the dynamic changes of SOC, Fe fractions and Fe oxide-bound OC (Fe–OC) pools, and associations with microbial communities over tea plantation establishment time-series (1, 7, 16, 25, and 42 years), this study explored the roles of coupled Fe oxides and microbial communities in regulating SOC accumulation and stabilization. The SOC levels significantly increased with years of tea plantation, accompanied by increases in the proportions of macroaggregates, poorly crystalline Fe oxides and organically complexed Fe, but soil pH decreased sharply. The increased soil Fe–OC pool and molar C:Fe ratios were positive correlated with SOC and macroaggregates, indicating that SOC was preserved by physic-chemical protection. Furthermore, these changes induced decreases in microbial biomass C and bacterial diversity with years of tea plantation. The relative abundance of A-strategists (i.e., <em>Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi</em>) increased concurrently, with an opposite trend for Y-strategists, suggesting tea plantation-induced environmental changes shifted the Y-strategists towards the predominance of A-strategists. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the role of Fe oxides and microbial life history traits in SOC accumulation and stabilization in the progression of tea plantation establishment, including (i) physic-chemical protection of SOC through formation of Fe–OC by complexation; and (ii) regulation of the microbial community diversity and composition, especially bacterial life strategies. These results are of great implications for better predicting and accurately controlling the response of OC pools in tea plantations to future changes and disturbances and for maintaining regional C balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of soil salt dynamics in a tomato-corn intercropping system with various spatial arrangements: Experiment and modeling","authors":"Ning Chen ,&nbsp;Xianyue Li ,&nbsp;Jiří Šimůnek ,&nbsp;Yuehong Zhang ,&nbsp;Haibin Shi ,&nbsp;Qi Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intercropping has been widely practiced around the world due to its apparent advantages. However, the soil salt dynamic in the intercropping system has not yet been fully quantified, especially from the perspective of the combined impacts of brackish water irrigation and groundwater recharge. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was performed in the Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, northwest China, to determine soil salt dynamics in the following cropping systems: sole corn (SC), sole tomatoes (ST), two rows of tomatoes intercropping two rows of corn (IC_2–2), and four rows of tomatoes intercropping two rows of corn (IC_4–2). Moreover, the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model was used to quantify the spatio-temporal distributions, salt fluxes, and soil salt balances in different intercropping systems. The result showed that the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model can accurately describe the soil salt dynamics in the tomato-corn intercropping system with different spatial arrangements, with average <em>M</em>RE<!--> <!-->, <em>R</em>², and <em>PBIAS</em> of 9.5 %, 0.84, and −0.7 % for electrical conductivities of the saturation paste extract (<em>EC</em>_e). There are apparent spatio-temporal differences in soil salt distributions among different intercropping systems. A clear difference in soil salt distributions was found among different intercropping systems during the middle crop growth stage, especially in the top 0–40 cm soil layer. The highest <em>EC</em>_e in the root zones of corn and tomatoes occurred in the SC and IC_2–2 systems, respectively. The salt fluxes in different intercropping systems were mainly vertical and downward. The average soil salt flux in different intercropping systems from zone I (the 0–40 cm soil layer in the corn root zone) to II (the 40–100 cm soil layer in the corn root zone) was 30.6 mg cm⁻¹, while it was 17.9 mg cm⁻¹ from zone III (the 0–40 cm soil layer in the tomato root zone) to IV (the 40–100 cm soil layer in the tomato root zone). Meanwhile, the soil salt flux in the horizontal direction mainly occurred from the corn root zone to the tomato root zone. The lowest <em>EC</em>_e occurred in the IC_4–2 system due to its higher leaching ratio of soil salts. Therefore, regarding farmland environment protection, the IC_4–2 system can be recommended as the optimal intercropping system for tomatoes and corn. The findings of this study improve the understanding of the mechanisms of soil salt dynamics for inter-species competition conditions. The study also indicates that soil salt stress can be alleviated by optimizing the spatial arrangements of different crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106377"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific cation effects on soil water infiltration and soil aggregate stability–Comparison study on variably and permanently charged soils","authors":"Shishu Yang ,&nbsp;Rui Tian ,&nbsp;Haiyang Wang ,&nbsp;Yekun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving soil hydraulic properties is one of important purposes of soil tillage. Recent studies on permanently charged soil have shown specific cation effect on soil water infiltration. In this study, specific cation effects on soil water infiltration and soil aggregate stability of both variably and permanently charged soils were comparatively examined. It was found that, specific cation effects on soil water infiltration and soil aggregate stability are quite different for permanently and variably charged soils. For the permanently charged soil, the sequence of specific cation effects on soil water infiltration was Li⁺ &lt;&lt; K⁺ &lt; Cs⁺, which was in accordance with the cation polarizability sequence of Li⁺ (0.029 ų) &lt;&lt; K⁺ (0.88 ų) &lt; Cs⁺ (2.56ų); but for the variably charged soil, the sequence changed to Cs⁺ &gt; Li⁺ &gt; K⁺. Moreover, the sequence of cation concentration effect on permanently charged soil water infiltration rate (SWIR) was SWIR (0.0001 mol/L) &lt; SWIR (0.001 mol/L) &lt; SWIR (0.01 mol/L) &lt; SWIR (0.1 mol/L) whereas that for the variably charged soil changed to SWIR (0.1 mol/L) &lt; SWIR (0.0001 mol/L) ≈ SWIR (0.01 mol/L) &lt; SWIR (0.001 mol/L). The differences of specific cation and cation concentration effects on soil water infiltration for the two soils came from those on soil aggregate stability. For permanently charged soils, soil electric field determined soil aggregate stability. However, for variably charged soils, besides soil electric field, osmotic pressure, positively charged colloids and surface reaction of metal cation may possibly play critical role in soil aggregate stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106385"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced soil water repellency suggests the need for timely replenishment of soil organic matter in long-term traditional farming","authors":"Bo-Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Sen Dou,&nbsp;Dan Guo,&nbsp;Song Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-term land use and management practices can affect soil organic matter (SOM) and cause changes in soil water repellency (SWR), the extent of which is related to SOM content and composition. Many studies have focused on explaining the generation of SWR and have emphasized the relation between the occurrence and persistence of SWR and SOM; however, few studies have attempted to revisit the amount and quality of SOM based on changes in SWR. In this 10-year study, SWR and SOM were evaluated after traditional tillage versus a one-time straw return, and the effect of traditional tillage on SOM was illustrated through changes in SWR. The findings indicated that SOM and humic acid (HA) contents and the degree of humification decreased by 8.58 %, 24.93 %, and 20.44 %, respectively, after 10 years of traditional tillage. Furthermore, the H/C molar ratio of HA decreased by 13.38 %, and the aliphatic/aromatic C ratio and the hydrophobic/hydrophilic C ratio decreased by 24.05 % and 31.08 %, respectively, resulting in a weakening of HA hydrophobicity. The primary cause for the decline in SWR over extended periods of traditional tillage was the reduction in both the amount and quality of SOM and the decreased hydrophobicity of HA. By contrast, during the initial phase of one-time straw return, there was a notable increase in the amount and quality of SOM and HA hydrophobicity, resulting in a slight water repellency of the soil; however, this increase only lasted for 3 years. The decrease in the degree and persistence of SWR reflects the decrease in the amount and quality of SOM after long-term traditional tillage, which should be supplemented SOM promptly. We recommend supplementing straw again after 3 years of the one-time straw return. By illustrating the correlation between SWR and SOM, we hope to provide land managers with new perspectives regarding SOM, which is negatively affected by long-term land use, especially in soils under long-term traditional tillage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106381"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term intercropping shaped soil bacterial microbiome composition and structure of maize fields in a semiarid region","authors":"Xinnian Guo ,&nbsp;Zhuonan Hou ,&nbsp;Xia Wu ,&nbsp;Wenzu Liu ,&nbsp;Jinjun Cai ,&nbsp;Shaoshan An","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intercropping has gained attention for its potential to enhance soil health and increase crop yields in agroecosystems, in which soil microbial community play a key regulatory role. Bacteria is critical for a variety of soil biological processes, so promoting the understanding of soil microbiome within bacteria can improve the agricultural management practices. Here, the responses of soil bacterial community composition, functions, and assembly to long-term intercropping were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in the mountainous area of Southern Ningxia, spanning approximately 10 years until summer 2022. The experiment comprised three field treatments: maize monoculture (MM), intercropping of maize and potato (MP) and intercropping of maize and soybean (MS). The results showed that intercropping altered the relative abundance of major phyla and genera, and life-history strategies, mainly influenced by microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities. The ratio of K- to r-strategy bacteria showed a trend of MP (0.77) &gt; MM (0.76)&gt; MS (0.56). Soil bacterial community structure of MP and MS was significantly different and similar to that of MM, respectively. Bugbase and PICRUSt2 analysis predicted the phenotype and metabolic pathways of soil bacterial community in maize fields, revealing that maize-legume intercropping increased the oxygen tolerance of soil bacteria. Moreover, intercropping enhanced the co-occurrence network complexity and the roles of homogeneous selection and drift, while bacterial community assembly was mainly driven by stochastic processes in MM (62.32 %), MP (60.68 %), and MS (59.17 %) soils. A variety of complex factors strongly governed bacterial community and assembly processes, such as soil nutrient elements and moisture. In brief, the study revealed the effect of intercropping on soil bacterial community, contributing to the further understanding of agricultural management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106383"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic and inorganic carbon interactions under tillage and cover cropping determine potential for carbon accumulation in temperate, calcareous soils","authors":"K.R. Ball ,&nbsp;Y. Guo ,&nbsp;P.D. Hallett ,&nbsp;P. Smith ,&nbsp;H. Moreno-Ramón ,&nbsp;N.L. Morris ,&nbsp;A.A. Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global soil carbon pool comprises soil organic carbon (SOC), found in almost all soils, and soil inorganic carbon (SIC), in calcareous soils. Despite their agricultural significance, calcareous soils, which exhibit diverse chemical properties and are found in varied environments, have historically been understudied. Using soils obtained from a decade-long, fully factorial field experiment located on temperate, near neutral pH, calcareous soils, this study examined the influence of cover crops (no-cover <em>vs</em> radish) and three levels of tillage intensity: shallow (10 cm) and deep (20 cm) non-inversion, and plough (25 cm inversion) on SOC and SIC stocks. Further, considering recent experimental and observational evidence indicating the interactions of SOC and SIC pools and their likely microbial control, we also investigated how SOC, the soil microbial biomass pool, and SIC are correlated. For SOC stock, there were significant interactions with total SIC and SOC:SIC ratio that differed by tillage intensity. Across the whole soil profile (0–60 cm), there was a significantly positive relationship between SOC content and SIC stock that was only present with ploughing. Further, at low SOC:SIC ratios (∼0.5–3.0), while SOC stock was marginally lower under plough, at higher SOC:SIC ratios (∼3.1–10.0), SOC stock was predicted to be up to ∼4–fold greater (4 kg m⁻²) with ploughing than the lower intensity tillage treatments. This result highlights a critical SOC-SIC interaction that, depending on tillage intensity, may offset anticipated disturbance-related loss of SOC, and challenges the common perception that tillage consistently reduces SOC. SOC stock was also ∼40 % (0.42 kg m⁻²) greater at 0–10 cm and ∼30 % (0.2 kg m⁻²) greater at 30–40 cm under radish cover crop than without. SIC stock differences were correlated with SOC content, tillage intensity and cover cropping. SIC stock was strongly correlated with SOC, with a predicted ∼0.3–1 kg m⁻² increase in SIC stock for ∼1 % increase in SOC. Under radish cover crops and with ploughing, there was ∼0.7 kg m⁻² more SIC than under all other conditions. Microbial biomass was positively correlated with SIC stock suggesting a causality that needs experimental testing. Given that reduced tillage is a frequently recommended practice to increase soil carbon storage and given the limited attention that has been paid to the influence of cover cropping on the SIC pool, our results indicate the need for further investigation around the dynamics of SOC and SIC interactions and stabilization processes in calcareous soils and highlights the pitfalls of a one-size-fits-all approach to soil carbon management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106369"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of rainfall-induced physical crusts on soil carbon distribution and mineralization through surface pore structure","authors":"Ruikun Feng ,&nbsp;Yiru Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxing Wang ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Diao She","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vast carbon sequestration potential of soil implies that even minor changes in its characteristics can impact atmospheric carbon levels. However, little research has focused on the influence of rainfall-induced physical crusts, a common natural phenomenon, on soil organic carbon (SOC). In this study, we simulated contour farming patterns and induced artificial rainfall to obtain different types of physical crusts (structural and depositional crusts). We determined their effects on SOC mineralization rates and distribution and utilized XCT scanning technology to gather surface pore data, attempting to explain the reasons from the perspective of pore structure changes. The formation of physical crusts significantly enhanced SOC mineralization. During the 27-day mineralization experiment, the production of structural and depositional crusts increased cumulative mineralization rates by at least 23.07 % and 18.57 %, respectively. The underlying cause of this phenomenon is closely related to the drastic changes in soil pore structure, particularly the increase in the proportion of micropores and the enhancement of pore connectivity after crust cracking. Additionally, rainfall resulted in SOC enrichment in the surface crust but led to increased participation of subsoil organic carbon in the mineralization process. Consequently, the level of SOC in subsoil significantly decreased after the formation of physical crusts compared to soil without crusts. This study reveals the impact of rainfall-induced soil physical crusts on SOC release and storage and provides a microscopic pore perspective to explain the underlying mechanisms. Against the backdrop of global climate change, this research supplements theoretical understanding of the effects of rainfall events on soil carbon pools and predictions of soil organic carbon release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106373"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme summer drought increased soil detachment capacity of biocrusts in subtropical China","authors":"Yajun Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuan Ping ,&nbsp;Guiyin Mi ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Xiao ,&nbsp;Fujun Liu ,&nbsp;Chongfa Cai ,&nbsp;Zhonglu Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological soil crusts (Biocrusts) are considered to have significant effects on soil detachment processes. Increasing extreme droughts are expected to affect the structure and functioning of biocrust ecosystems. However, understanding how biocrust ecosystems will respond to drought requires further investigation in the subtropical region. This study conducted continuously monitoring of understory biocrusts in subtropical China from May to November 2022, analyzed the monthly variation of near-surface characteristics of biocrusts and performed scouring experiments with six flow shear stresses (7.61–21.08 Pa) to assess the monthly variation of soil detachment capacity (<em>Dc</em>) of biocrusts. Finally, we elucidated the complex effects of summer drought (August-September) on <em>Dc</em> of biocrusts. Results showed that summer drought led to significant reductions in biocrust coverage (BC) and biocrust thickness (BT) (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05), as well as notable declines in soil stability (including soil cohesion and Mean weight diameter) and soil nutrient content (including soil organic matter, total Nitrogen, total Phosphorus) (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05), except for a non-significant increase in bulk density (<em>P</em>&gt;0.05). Furthermore, <em>Dc</em> of biocrusts significantly increased by 172.2 % during the summer drought compared to the previous months (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). These changes of biocrusts are mainly affected by moisture stress more than heat stress. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) revealed that reduced rain and lower soil moisture increased <em>Dc</em> mainly by diminishing the BC and BT, followed by reducing soil cohesion and soil aggregate stability. The results provide empirical evidence for the cumulatively detrimental effects of future climate on biocrusts and contribute to more comprehensive understanding of biocrusts multifunctionality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106372"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of vegetation types and near-surface characteristics on hydrodynamics and soil erosion of steep spoil heaps under rainfall and overland flow conditions","authors":"Jianming Li ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Mingming Guo ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Ding ,&nbsp;Changwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jigen Liu ,&nbsp;Wensheng Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Tong ,&nbsp;Baoyang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spoil heaps, are characterized by loose structure, high infiltration, steep slopes, etc, and have become a source of soil erosion and geological disasters. Vegetation was regarded as an effective way to curb soil erosion of spoil heaps. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the effects of vegetation types and their near-surface characteristics on hydrodynamics and soil erosion of steep spoil heaps. This study aimed to address this research gap by conducting field simulated rainfall and rainfall with run-on experiments using simulated spoil heap plots with 3.4 m × 2 m × 0.6 m (length × width × depth) and a slope of 30 degree. The material used in the spoil heaps comprised a uniform mixture of silt soil particles, constituting 90 % by mass, and gravel, constituting 10 % by mass. For this study, bare slope (BS), <em>Artemisia gmelinii</em> (<em>A. gmelinii</em>), and <em>Cynodon dactylon</em> (<em>C. dactylon</em>) treatments were designed. Additionally, the grass-covered underwent two treatments: intact grass (IG) and only root (OR). The simulation experiments consisted of two types: rainfall conditions with intensities of 0.8, 1.2, and 1.8 mm min⁻¹, and rainfall with run-on conditions with three intensities and a discharge flow rate of 15 L min⁻¹. The results showed that: under rainfall conditions, <em>A. gmelinii</em> had a higher soil loss reduction benefit (93.3 %) than <em>C. dactylon</em> (88.5 %), while the percentages reversed with <em>A. gmelinii</em> at 82.1 % and <em>C. dactylon</em> at 91.9 % under rainfall with run-on. Moreover, <em>A. gmelinii</em> exhibited higher runoff volume reduction benefits than <em>C. dactylon</em> under both experimental conditions, except for rainfall intensity of 0.8 mm min⁻¹ in IG treatments. The canopy of <em>A. gmelinii</em> accounted for 53–69 % of the reduction in average soil loss rate, whereas the root and canopy of <em>C. dactylon</em> contributed 58 % and 162 % under rainfall and rainfall with run-on conditions, respectively. During heavy rainfall events, vegetation could experience more severe soil and runoff loss compared to BS once its aboveground canopy was lost. Furthermore, <em>A. gmelinii</em> had a greater effect in reducing average velocity and increasing resistance coefficient compared to <em>C. dactylon</em>. Additionally, <em>C. dactylon</em> had twice the effect in improving shear stress and stream power than <em>A. gmelinii</em>. Vegetation influences slope sediment and runoff yield by modulating erosion dynamic parameters. This study can serve as a valuable reference and practical guidance for the ecological restoration of similar engineering spoil heaps in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 106378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The legacy of deep ploughing and liming–A 1990s experimental site revisited” [Soil Tillage Res. 245 (2025) 106323]","authors":"Jari Hyväluoma ,&nbsp;Riikka Keskinen ,&nbsp;Viktoriia Hetmanenko ,&nbsp;Sami Kinnunen ,&nbsp;Arttu Miettinen ,&nbsp;Petri Niemi ,&nbsp;Janne Kaseva ,&nbsp;Helena Soinne","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2024.106374","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 106374"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}