Soil & Tillage Research最新文献

{"title":"The effects of overall slope on soil surface roughness estimation","authors":"Wenting Nie ,&nbsp;Zhihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Shulan Tan ,&nbsp;YuHui Guo ,&nbsp;Gigen Liu ,&nbsp;Jinquan Huang ,&nbsp;Jianming Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil surface roughness (<em>SSR</em>) is essential for understanding and modeling soil erosion processes, while whether the overall slope of the investigated terrain surface must be corrected before <em>SSR</em> estimation is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the effects of overall slope on <em>SSR</em> and associated temporal change estimates by using the high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) from the rainfall simulation experiments of Nearing et al. (2017) wherein medium-term rainfalls (ca. 10–20 years) were simulated on a 2 m by 6.1 m stony plot under three slope treatments (5 %, 12 %, and 20 %). Square moving windows with different sizes (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) covering the topographic DEMs were used to estimate <em>SSR</em> for each slope treatment before and after each rainfall simulation under the slope-detrending (DT) and no-detrending (NDT) scenarios. Results showed that: (1) The estimated <em>SSR</em> linearly increased with <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> under the NDT scenario while it increased rapidly for small <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and tended toward asymptotes for large <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> under the DT scenario. (2) With increasing window size, the standard deviations of <em>SSR</em> increased under the NDT scenario but decreased under the DT scenario. (3) Without correcting the overall slope effects, <em>SSR</em> was overestimated while the temporal change of <em>SSR</em> was significantly underestimated reaching up to −175 % as compared to the DT scenario, and the underestimation was positively correlated with slope gradient, the true <em>SSR</em> temporal change, and window size. We mathematically illustrated that the estimated <em>SSR</em> under the NDT scenario in fact consisted of oriented roughness that was resultant from the systematic elevation variation rather than soil surface random roughness alone, and the overall slope effects must be corrected before <em>SSR</em> estimation for effectively tracking <em>SSR</em> temporal changes. The results provide guidance about the level of accuracy one might expect in evaluating <em>SSR</em> and associated temporal changes at hillslopes with different overall slopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106618"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method on airborne remote sensing tillage direction mapping based on improved probabilistic Hough transform","authors":"Xinle Zhang ,&nbsp;Baicheng Du ,&nbsp;Xiangtian Meng ,&nbsp;Yihan Ma ,&nbsp;Xinyi Han ,&nbsp;Huanjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tillage direction is a key aspect of crop planting layout in agricultural croplands. Identifying tillage direction aids agricultural production management by increasing crop yields, simplifying machine operation, and preventing soil erosion. Most current studies utilize unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery to extract positional information of planting rows in individual croplands. However, these studies have limited extraction areas and cannot obtain specific tillage direction information for each cropland on a large regional scale. Our study utilized 0.2 m resolution remote sensing images and vector data from the Hongxinglong reclamation area, acquired during the 2023 aerial experiment. We improved the probabilistic Hough transform to enable dynamic parameter adjustment for detecting straight lines and calculating their quantities. Used it as an algorithm to develop a tillage direction mapping model and complete the mapping of 1108 croplands in the reclamation area. The study results indicate that: (1) The model accurately generates maps of cropland tillage directions at a large regional scale. Under optimal parameters, the model achieves a mapping accuracy of 0.845 and a Kappa coefficient of 0.806. (2) Compared to the mapping results prior to algorithm improvement, the improved probabilistic Hough transform algorithm increases mapping accuracy by 0.136 and the Kappa coefficient by 0.156, confirming the effectiveness of the improvements. (3) The generalization capability experiment demonstrates that the model exhibits strong generalization under various remote sensing data, tillage types, climate zone crop types, cropland sizes and different seasons. Overall, this study addresses gaps in current research methodologies for tillage direction maps at large regional scales and offers valuable insights for related fields. The results of the tillage direction map benefit agricultural production management and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106621"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of root traits on shear performance of root-soil complex and soil reinforcement in the Loess Plateau","authors":"Yuying Cao ,&nbsp;Xuemeng Su ,&nbsp;Zhengchao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jun`e Liu ,&nbsp;Mingyu Chen ,&nbsp;Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Bingbing Zhu ,&nbsp;Peipei Wang ,&nbsp;Fang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion can be effectively controlled through vegetation restoration. Specifically, roots combine with soil to form a root-soil complex, which can effectively enhance soil shear strength and play a crucial role in soil reinforcement. However, the relationship between root mechanical traits and chemical compositions and shear performance and reinforcing capacity of soil is still inadequate. In this study, we determined the root chemical properties, performed root tensile tests and root-soil composite triaxial tests using two plants—one with a fibrous root system (ryegrass, <em>Lolium perenne</em> L.) and the other with a tap root system (alfalfa, <em>Medicago sativa</em> L.)—and calculated the factor of safety (<em>FOS</em>). The results revealed that the relationship between root diameter and tensile strength differed among different root characters. Holocellulose content and cellulose content were the main factors controlling the root tensile strength of ryegrass and alfalfa, respectively. The shear properties of the root-soil complex (cohesion (<em>c</em>) and internal friction angle (<em>φ</em>)) are correlated with soil water content (<em>SWC</em>) and root mass density (<em>RMD</em>). Root traits had a more substantial effect on <em>c</em> than <em>φ</em>, with significant differences in <em>c</em> between ryegrass and alfalfa at 7 % and 11 % <em>SWC</em>. The root-soil complex had an optimum <em>RMD</em>, and the maximum increase rates of <em>c</em> were 80.57 % and 34.4 %, respectively. Along slopes, sliding first occurs at the foot of the slope, thus demanding emphasis on protection and reinforcement. On steep gradients with low <em>SWC</em>, ryegrass strongly contributes to soil reinforcement, whereas alfalfa is more effective on gentle gradients with high <em>SWC</em>. The results provide scientific references for species selection for vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau and a deeper understanding of the mechanical mechanism of soil reinforcement by roots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106625"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of tillage frequency on soil micro-food web compositions and energetic structure in an agroecosystem","authors":"Yao Yu ,&nbsp;Xionghui Liao ,&nbsp;Xianwen Long ,&nbsp;Jiangnan Li ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingying Ye ,&nbsp;Kelin Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microbes and nematodes are key components of soil micro-food webs, driving energy fluxes across trophic levels. While tillage is known to reduce microbial biomass and alter nematode communities, its impacts on energy fluxes under different tillage frequencies remain unclear, particularly in fragile karst ecosystems. To disentangle direct physical disturbances from resource-driven influences, we investigated the effects of tillage frequency on soil micro-food web composition and energetic structures. Eight treatments were set up, including original vegetation with no tillage (T0 + V), actual-maize planting with no tillage (T0 + M) and tilled every 4 months (T2 + M), and pseudo-maize planting with artificial plants simulating maize (T0) and tilled every 6, 4, 2, and 1 month(s) (T1, T2, T3, T4, respectively). Tillage after vegetation removal significantly reduced microbial biomass and nematode abundance. Energy flow uniformity was higher under low tillage frequencies (T1, T2) than under high frequencies (T3, T4). This indicates that increased tillage disrupts soil micro-food web stability. Actual-maize planting further enhanced energy flow uniformity compared to pseudo-maize planting. Additionally, tillage weakened the fungal energy channel, as shown by a decreased fungal-to-bacterial biomass ratio and reduced abundance of the fungivorous nematode family <em>Aphelenchoididae</em>, indicating its sensitivity to disturbance. These findings highlight that land use change from natural vegetation to cropland, combined with even low-frequency tillage, can disrupt soil biological properties in karst ecosystems. Reducing tillage frequency could help maintain soil community stability and promote sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106613"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The accumulation of mineral nitrogen in soil during drying events is affected by soil management","authors":"Eduardo Vázquez ,&nbsp;Nikola Teutscherová ,&nbsp;Javier Almorox ,&nbsp;Joaquín Cámara ,&nbsp;Kristin D. Kasschau ,&nbsp;Marta Benito","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil drying events play a critical role in shaping nitrogen (N) cycling in drylands by influencing N availability and the risk of N losses. This study examines how different soil management practices (no-tillage (NT) and traditional tillage (TT), with and without liming)affect N mineralization and the accumulation of inorganic N during drying periods in a hot-summer Mediterranean climate. Using soils from a long-term field experiment in southwestern Spain, we evaluated changes in inorganic N, enzymatic activities, and the abundance of genes related to N cycling during a summer fallow under field conditions, and in a complementary laboratory incubation under controlled temperature conditions. Field results showed a significant accumulation of inorganic N (from 6.47 to 11.43 mg N kg⁻¹) during drying, with a synergistic effect of NT and liming. Enzymatic activities (β-glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, proteases) and gene abundances (chiA, pepA, apr) declined with drying but remained higher under NT than TT. The laboratory study confirmed that management-induced differences in N cycling were mainly due to changes in soil biogeochemical properties (organic matter, pH), rather than changes in microclimatic conditions (soil temperature and moisture). While NT and liming enhanced N mineralization and microbial resilience, they also promoted inorganic N accumulation, increasing the potential for N losses (e.g., via N₂O emissions) upon rewetting. These results highlight the importance of integrating adaptive practices, such as summer cover cropping, into conservation agriculture to reduce N losses and improve nutrient use efficiency under increasingly frequent drought conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106623"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title: Flue gas desulfurization gypsum amelioration affects the salinealkali soil microbial community on the temporal scale","authors":"Bangyan Liu ,&nbsp;Shujuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Lizhen Xu ,&nbsp;Zhentao Sun ,&nbsp;Enbo Mo ,&nbsp;Yonggan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the physicochemical processes of saline<img>alkali soil amelioration via flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum have been well substantiated, the underlying mechanisms of soil microbial community succession and feedback on the temporal scale of amelioration remain unclear. To elucidate this mechanism, we investigated the microbial community response to the physicochemical properties change with saline<img>alkali soil ameliorated by FGD gypsum for 1 year, 3 years, and 10 years (the corresponding bare saline<img>alkali soil was used as the control). With increasing years of FGD gypsum amelioration in saline<img>alkali soil, the proportion of homogeneous selection (determinism process) in bacterial and fungal communities significantly increased from 37.5 % to 50.3 % and from 10.0 % to 31.8 %, respectively, but the proportion of dispersal limitation (stochastic process) significantly decreased. Thus, the microbial species composition and community structure were significantly changed, thus increasing microbial community β-diversity and ecological co-occurrence network complexity with increasing years of amelioration, as did the predict functions of prokaryotes in the dark oxidation of sulfide and sulfur compounds. Furthermore, the random forest and structure equation modules indicated that the changes in bacterial and fungal community assembly processes, structures, and co-occurrence networks were dominated by soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, exchangeable sodium percentage, SO₄^2-, HCO₃^-, and pH. Our findings suggest that the soil microbial community succession process and complexity increase with increasing years of FGD gypsum reclamation by mediating the salinity and soil available carbon and nitrogen content in saline<img>alkali paddy soils on the temporal scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106607"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil salt crusts greatly reduce wind erosion and PM10 emission on sandy loam","authors":"Qingzhu Liu ,&nbsp;Ruoxuan Shi ,&nbsp;Brenton Sharratt ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tauseef Jaffar ,&nbsp;Xiong Li ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind erosion leads to significant loss of soil and soil organic carbon in arid and semi-arid desert ecosystems, posing a serious threat to sustainable agriculture and ecological security. Soil salt crusts (SSCs),<span><span>¹</span></span> widely distributed on soil surfaces in these regions, have a notable impact on surface processes, including the initiation, release, and transport of soil particles. However, there is limited understanding of the role of SSCs in reducing wind erosion and PM10 emission, as well as the surface changes of crust-covered soils during wind erosion. In this study, we used wind tunnels to evaluate the influence of artificial SSCs on wind erosion rate (WER),<span><span>²</span></span> surface characteristics, and PM10 emission during wind erosion processes. The results showed that as the salt concentration of irrigation water increased, the hardness and shear resistance of SSCs also increased, the structure became denser, but the thickness decreased. The effectiveness of SSCs in reducing WER and inhibiting PM10 emission also improved with the increasing salt concentrations. Additionally, SSCs delayed and reduced the geomorphological changes in the soil surface during wind erosion. We conclude that irrigation water salinity affects SSC formation, altering the structure and strength of the soil surface. Once SSCs are destroyed, WER and PM10 emissions may increase significantly. Thus, in addition to supporting plant growth, saline water irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions can form soil salt crusts (SSCs) that serve as an effective measure against wind erosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106619"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency and its fate in the spring wheat-soil system under varying N-fertilizer rates: A two-year field study using 15N tracer","authors":"Aixia Xu ,&nbsp;Khuram Shehzad Khan ,&nbsp;Xuexue Wei ,&nbsp;Yafei Chen ,&nbsp;Yixun Zhou ,&nbsp;Chongrui Sun ,&nbsp;Zechariah Effah ,&nbsp;Lingling Li","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) is a globally significant staple crop and a primary source of food. Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization in wheat farming systems has resulted in lower N use efficiency (NUE) in arid regions of China. We hypothesize that prolonged N fertilization alters the fate of fertilizer-derived N, thus affecting NUE. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two on-farm ¹⁵N tracer experiments during the 2021–2022 growing seasons, within a long-term N fertilization trial on a monoculture spring wheat field. The trial included five N-fertilizer rate treatments: N1 (0 kg N ha⁻¹), N2 (52.5 kg N ha⁻¹), N3 (105 kg N ha⁻¹), N4 (157.5 kg N ha⁻¹), and N5 (210 kg N ha⁻¹). The results showed that the majority of N absorbed by spring wheat was sourced from soil N, accounting for 65.90–81.45 % at maturity, while fertilizer-derived N contributed 18.55–34.10 %. The fertilizer N recovery rate (N_fr) ranged from 21.47 % to 43.98 %, the residual N in 0–100 cm soil varied between 14.32 % and 46.59 %, and the loss rate ranged from 9.43 % to 62.41 %. As N fertilizer rates increased, N_fr declined, while residual and loss rates significantly increased. The optimal N fertilization rate was approximately 105 kg N ha⁻¹, at which we observed a high N fertilizer contribution rate (30.59 %), N fertilizer physiological efficiency of 10.28 kg kg⁻¹, and a soil N dependency rate of 53.97 %. These findings suggest that the balance between external N accumulation and soil N utilization is a key determinant for maintaining sustainable soil N fertility. Future research should prioritize the investigation of long-term dynamics of fertilizer NUE, with a particular emphasis on the role of nitrogen fertilizers in soil nitrogen depletion and accrual.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-dimensional evaluation of site-specific tillage using mouldboard ploughing","authors":"Yongjing Wang,&nbsp;Abdul M. Mouazen","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the lack of high-resolution data on soil compaction using proximal sensing technology, mouldboard (MB) ploughing is carried out at uniform speed and depth, which does not necessarily respond to tillage needs due to compaction level and depth that are spatially variable across the field area. This study aims at simulating the comparative performance of different site specific tillage (SST) schemes (e.g., speed and depth) and uniform tillage of a MB plough using a high resolution soil packing density (PD) maps. An on-the-go soil sensing platform was used to predict and map topsoil PD in a Luvisol field in Belgium and two Cambisol fields in Spain. All fields were divided into three management zones, to each of which different tillage speed and depth were assigned based on PD maps. A MATLAB simulation code was developed to predict and compare the power efficiency, fuel consumption, emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from diesel combustion and total operating time of uniform, SST depth, SST speed, and hybrid SST depth and speed MB ploughing schemes. Results revealed that the degree of soil compaction varies from field to field and within fields, which necessitates SST tillage practices. It was found that the depth control was the best performing SST in fields having large areas with low (PD &lt; 1.55) and medium (PD = 1.55 – 1.70) compaction levels, resulting in the largest reduction in draught (33.7 % – 57 %), fuel consumption and CO₂ emission (29.6 % - 50.1 %), while using the same operational time as that of the uniform tillage. However, in cases when the majority of the field area was highly compacted (PD &gt; 1.70), potential savings were smaller at 22.5 %, with the speed control emerged as a more effective control scheme. It is recommended to validate the simulation results of SST of MB ploughing in fields to enable assessing the impacts they have on crop responses and soil quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106604"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice straw returning under winter green manuring enhances soil carbon pool via stoichiometric regulation of extracellular enzymes","authors":"Shun Li ,&nbsp;Guodong Zhou ,&nbsp;Guopeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Jun Nie ,&nbsp;Jianglin Zhang ,&nbsp;Songjuan Gao ,&nbsp;Weidong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.still.2025.106617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined application of green manure and rice straw (GMS) effectively enhances carbon sequestration in paddy fields. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing straw carbon incorporation into soil organic carbon (SOC) pools under this practice remain unclear. A two-year study was conducted based on a long-term field experiment to investigate soil organic carbon storage, decomposition patterns of rice straw (S) and green manure (GM), extracellular enzyme stoichiometry, and carbon flux dynamics between straw and soil pools. Over seven years, GMS exhibited annual carbon sequestration rates surpassing those of GM, S, and winter fallow without S return (CF) by 518, 451, and 766 kg/ha/year, respectively. Regulated by nutrient stoichiometry, extracellular enzyme activities associated with residue decomposition and carbon limitation of microbial metabolism were enhanced in GMS, thereby accelerating decomposition processes. Following the two-year experimental period, decomposition rates in GMS were elevated by 23.4 % and 32.7 % relative to GM and S treatments, respectively. This accelerated decomposition promoted the translocation of straw carbon into stable SOC pools via microbial residue pathways, as substantiated by 54.2 %, 25.5 %, and 18.4 % greater amino sugar accumulation in GMS relative to CF, GM, and S treatments, respectively. In summary, GMS regulates microbial resource allocation through stoichiometric modulation of residues, functioning as a critical interface governing straw carbon transfer to SOC pools, thus ultimately enhancing SOC sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49503,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Tillage Research","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 106617"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}