Richard Meier, Jeffrey A Thompson, Mei Chung, Naisi Zhao, Karl T Kelsey, Dominique S Michaud, Devin C Koestler
{"title":"A Bayesian framework for identifying consistent patterns of microbial abundance between body sites.","authors":"Richard Meier, Jeffrey A Thompson, Mei Chung, Naisi Zhao, Karl T Kelsey, Dominique S Michaud, Devin C Koestler","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2019-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have found that the microbiome in both gut and mouth are associated with diseases of the gut, including cancer. If resident microbes could be found to exhibit consistent patterns between the mouth and gut, disease status could potentially be assessed non-invasively through profiling of oral samples. Currently, there exists no generally applicable method to test for such associations. Here we present a Bayesian framework to identify microbes that exhibit consistent patterns between body sites, with respect to a phenotypic variable. For a given operational taxonomic unit (OTU), a Bayesian regression model is used to obtain Markov-Chain Monte Carlo estimates of abundance among strata, calculate a correlation statistic, and conduct a formal test based on its posterior distribution. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate overall viability of the approach, and provide information on what factors affect its performance. Applying our method to a dataset containing oral and gut microbiome samples from 77 pancreatic cancer patients revealed several OTUs exhibiting consistent patterns between gut and mouth with respect to disease subtype. Our method is well powered for modest sample sizes and moderate strength of association and can be flexibly extended to other research settings using any currently established Bayesian analysis programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bi-level feature selection in high dimensional AFT models with applications to a genomic study","authors":"Hailin Huang, Jizi Shangguan, Peifeng Ruan, Hua Liang","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We propose a new bi-level feature selection method for high dimensional accelerated failure time models by formulating the models to a single index model. The method yields sparse solutions at both the group and individual feature levels along with an expedient algorithm, which is computationally efficient and easily implemented. We analyze a genomic dataset for an illustration, and present a simulation study to show the finite sample performance of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44345541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clustering methods for single-cell RNA-sequencing expression data: performance evaluation with varying sample sizes and cell compositions","authors":"A. Suner","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A number of specialized clustering methods have been developed so far for the accurate analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) expression data, and several reports have been published documenting the performance measures of these clustering methods under different conditions. However, to date, there are no available studies regarding the systematic evaluation of the performance measures of the clustering methods taking into consideration the sample size and cell composition of a given scRNA-seq dataset. Herein, a comprehensive performance evaluation study of 11 selected scRNA-seq clustering methods was performed using synthetic datasets with known sample sizes and number of subpopulations, as well as varying levels of transcriptome complexity. The results indicate that the overall performance of the clustering methods under study are highly dependent on the sample size and complexity of the scRNA-seq dataset. In most of the cases, better clustering performances were obtained as the number of cells in a given expression dataset was increased. The findings of this study also highlight the importance of sample size for the successful detection of rare cell subpopulations with an appropriate clustering tool.","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2019-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48981400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inference of finite mixture models and the effect of binning","authors":"Eva-Maria Geissen, J. Hasenauer, N. Radde","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Finite mixture models are widely used in the life sciences for data analysis. Yet, the calibration of these models to data is still challenging as the optimization problems are often ill-posed. This holds for censored and uncensored data, and is caused by symmetries and other types of non-identifiabilities. Here, we discuss the problem of parameter estimation and model selection for finite mixture models from a theoretical perspective. We provide a review of the existing literature and illustrate the ill-posedness of the calibration problem for mixtures of uniform distributions and mixtures of normal distributions. Furthermore, we assess the effect of interval censoring on this estimation problem. Interestingly, we find that a proper treatment of censoring can facilitate the estimation of the number of mixture components compared to inference from uncensored data, which is an at first glance surprising result. The aim of the manuscript is to raise awareness of challenges in the calibration of finite mixture models and to provide an overview about available techniques.","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46930703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel individualized drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for type 1 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Hong Zheng","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existence of high cost-consuming and high rate of drug failures suggests the promotion of drug repositioning in drug discovery. Existing drug repositioning techniques mainly focus on discovering candidate drugs for a kind of disease, and are not suitable for predicting candidate drugs for an individual sample. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cell. Here, we present a novel single sample drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for T1DM. Our method is based on the observation of drug-disease associations by measuring the similarities of individualized pathway aberrance induced by disease and various drugs using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov weighted Enrichment Score algorithm. Using this method, we predicted several underlying candidate drugs for T1DM. Some of them have been reported for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and some with a current indication to treat other diseases might be repurposed to treat T1DM. This study conducts drug discovery via detecting the functional connections among disease and drug action, on a personalized or customized basis. Our framework provides a rational way for systematic personalized drug discovery of complex diseases and contributes to the future application of custom therapeutic decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37407908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A penalized regression approach for DNA copy number study using the sequencing data.","authors":"Jaeeun Lee, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modeling the high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) data, resulting from experiments with the goal of profiling tumor and control samples for the study of DNA copy number variants (CNVs), remains to be a challenge in various ways. In this application work, we provide an efficient method for detecting multiple CNVs using NGS reads ratio data. This method is based on a multiple statistical change-points model with the penalized regression approach, 1d fused LASSO, that is designed for ordered data in a one-dimensional structure. In addition, since the path algorithm traces the solution as a function of a tuning parameter, the number and locations of potential CNV region boundaries can be estimated simultaneously in an efficient way. For tuning parameter selection, we then propose a new modified Bayesian information criterion, called JMIC, and compare the proposed JMIC with three different Bayes information criteria used in the literature. Simulation results have shown the better performance of JMIC for tuning parameter selection, in comparison with the other three criterion. We applied our approach to the sequencing data of reads ratio between the breast tumor cell lines HCC1954 and its matched normal cell line BL 1954 and the results are in-line with those discovered in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37289302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johan Lim, Donghyeon Yu, Hsun-Chih Kuo, Hyungwon Choi, Scott Walmsley
{"title":"Truncated rank correlation (TRC) as a robust measure of test-retest reliability in mass spectrometry data.","authors":"Johan Lim, Donghyeon Yu, Hsun-Chih Kuo, Hyungwon Choi, Scott Walmsley","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mass spectrometry (MS) experiments, more than thousands of peaks are detected in the space of mass-to-charge ratio and chromatographic retention time, each associated with an abundance measurement. However, a large proportion of the peaks consists of experimental noise and low abundance compounds are typically masked by noise peaks, compromising the quality of the data. In this paper, we propose a new measure of similarity between a pair of MS experiments, called truncated rank correlation (TRC). To provide a robust metric of similarity in noisy high-dimensional data, TRC uses truncated top ranks (or top m-ranks) for calculating correlation. A comprehensive numerical study suggests that TRC outperforms traditional sample correlation and Kendall's τ. We apply TRC to measuring test-retest reliability of two MS experiments, including biological replicate analysis of the metabolome in HEK293 cells and metabolomic profiling of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients. An R package trc of the proposed TRC and related functions is available at https://sites.google.com/site/dhyeonyu/software.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37289303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reproducibility of biomarker identifications from mass spectrometry proteomic data in cancer studies.","authors":"Yulan Liang, Adam Kelemen, Arpad Kelemen","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reproducibility of disease signatures and clinical biomarkers in multi-omics disease analysis has been a key challenge due to a multitude of factors. The heterogeneity of the limited sample, various biological factors such as environmental confounders, and the inherent experimental and technical noises, compounded with the inadequacy of statistical tools, can lead to the misinterpretation of results, and subsequently very different biology. In this paper, we investigate the biomarker reproducibility issues, potentially caused by differences of statistical methods with varied distribution assumptions or marker selection criteria using Mass Spectrometry proteomic ovarian tumor data. We examine the relationship between effect sizes, p values, Cauchy p values, False Discovery Rate p values, and the rank fractions of identified proteins out of thousands in the limited heterogeneous sample. We compared the markers identified from statistical single features selection approaches with machine learning wrapper methods. The results reveal marked differences when selecting the protein markers from varied methods with potential selection biases and false discoveries, which may be due to the small effects, different distribution assumptions, and p value type criteria versus prediction accuracies. The alternative solutions and other related issues are discussed in supporting the reproducibility of findings for clinical actionable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37230336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis M de Campos, Andrés Cano, Javier G Castellano, Serafín Moral
{"title":"Combining gene expression data and prior knowledge for inferring gene regulatory networks via Bayesian networks using structural restrictions.","authors":"Luis M de Campos, Andrés Cano, Javier G Castellano, Serafín Moral","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) are known as the most adequate instrument to provide a clear insight and understanding of the cellular systems. One of the most successful techniques to reconstruct GRNs using gene expression data is Bayesian networks (BN) which have proven to be an ideal approach for heterogeneous data integration in the learning process. Nevertheless, the incorporation of prior knowledge has been achieved by using prior beliefs or by using networks as a starting point in the search process. In this work, the utilization of different kinds of structural restrictions within algorithms for learning BNs from gene expression data is considered. These restrictions will codify prior knowledge, in such a way that a BN should satisfy them. Therefore, one aim of this work is to make a detailed review on the use of prior knowledge and gene expression data to inferring GRNs from BNs, but the major purpose in this paper is to research whether the structural learning algorithms for BNs from expression data can achieve better outcomes exploiting this prior knowledge with the use of structural restrictions. In the experimental study, it is shown that this new way to incorporate prior knowledge leads us to achieve better reverse-engineered networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37199702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gail Gong, Wei Wang, Chih-Lin Hsieh, David J Van Den Berg, Christopher Haiman, Ingrid Oakley-Girvan, Alice S Whittemore
{"title":"Data-adaptive multi-locus association testing in subjects with arbitrary genealogical relationships.","authors":"Gail Gong, Wei Wang, Chih-Lin Hsieh, David J Van Den Berg, Christopher Haiman, Ingrid Oakley-Girvan, Alice S Whittemore","doi":"10.1515/sagmb-2018-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome-wide sequencing enables evaluation of associations between traits and combinations of variants in genes and pathways. But such evaluation requires multi-locus association tests with good power, regardless of the variant and trait characteristics. And since analyzing families may yield more power than analyzing unrelated individuals, we need multi-locus tests applicable to both related and unrelated individuals. Here we describe such tests, and we introduce SKAT-X, a new test statistic that uses genome-wide data obtained from related or unrelated subjects to optimize power for the specific data at hand. Simulations show that: a) SKAT-X performs well regardless of variant and trait characteristics; and b) for binary traits, analyzing affected relatives brings more power than analyzing unrelated individuals, consistent with previous findings for single-locus tests. We illustrate the methods by application to rare unclassified missense variants in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA2, as applied to combined data from prostate cancer families and unrelated prostate cancer cases and controls in the Multi-ethnic Cohort (MEC). The methods can be implemented using open-source code for public use as the R-package GATARS (Genetic Association Tests for Arbitrarily Related Subjects) <https://gailg.github.io/gatars/>.</p>","PeriodicalId":49477,"journal":{"name":"Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/sagmb-2018-0030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37127926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}