Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland最新文献

{"title":"The effect of a national healthcare cyberattack on the Irish hip fracture standards.","authors":"Cathal J McCarthy, Pamela Hickey, Brendan J O'Daly, Niall P McGoldrick, John F Quinlan","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>On 14th May 2021 the Health Service Executive (HSE) of Ireland was the victim of a cyberattack, resulting in a complete loss of the use of IT infrastructure. This had devastating effects on the healthcare infrastructure with a loss of the use of the software for radiology, blood tests, patient management systems, and many more aspects of patient care. The aim of this study is to assess the effect that the cyberattack had on the Irish Hip Fracture Standards (IHFS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data was obtained on the Irish Hip Fracture Database (IHFD) of all the Irish hospitals from the National Office of Clinical Audit (NOCA). Data was obtained on the seven IHFS prior to the cyberattack and at incremental periods after the cyberattack. Data was inputted prospectively by each hospital audit coordinator prior to the cyberattack and retrospectively afterwards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was 99% data coverage for 2021. In the matched analysis, surgery within 48 h (IHFS 2) declined significantly from 75.3% to 69.5% (p < 0.001), with ward admission (IHFS 1) showing a trend toward deterioration (27.7% to 24.9%, p = 0.095). Pressure ulcer rates worsened over the full year (2.1% to 3.3%, p = 0.024). Orthogeriatric review improved significantly in both analyses (80.9% to 85.7%, p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The cyberattack disproportionately affected IT-dependent standards, with significant declines in timely surgery and a trend toward deterioration in ward admission. Orthogeriatric review improved unexpectedly, possibly reflecting increased geriatrician availability due to disruption of elective activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenteric preservation vs extended mesenteric excision in Crohn's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"A O'Mahony, C Cullinane, J Ariaratnam, E Condon, C A Fleming, C Peirce, Yi Li, J C Coffey","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There remains ongoing debate and lack of consensus regarding the benefit of extended mesenteric excision (EME) compared to limited mesenteric excision (LME) in the surgical management of Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to synthesise the most recent evidence through an up-to-date meta-analysis comparing clinical outcomes following EME versus LME.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, with prospective registration on PROSPERO (CRD420251020438). PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus were searched for studies published to April 2025. The primary outcome was surgical recurrence, defined as need for repeat surgery for CD. Secondary outcomes included endoscopic recurrence, postoperative complications, length of stay and operative duration. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. Odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and RoB2 criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies (four non-randomized and two randomized), comprising 4469 patients, met inclusion criteria. EME was significantly associated with reduced surgical recurrence compared to LME (OR = 0.31; 95% CI [0.11-0.87]; p = 0.03). There was no difference in endoscopic recurrence between groups (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.46-1.27; p = 0.30). There were no significant differences in rates of superficial surgical site infection, intra-abdominal collections, anastomotic leaks, operative duration or length of stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that EME is associated with a significant reduction in surgical recurrence in CD compared to LME, without any increase in post-operative complications, operative time, or length of hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of chest injuries in a trauma centre without local cardiothoracic surgery.","authors":"K Lin Shu'An, P Patil, A Brown, S Henderson, C Donald, J Scollay","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>The vast majority of UK Major Trauma Centres either have on site cardiothoracic surgery or are located in proximity to a cardiothoracic centre. One exception is Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, which is located 70 miles from the nearest cardiothoracic department. The nature of this atypical arrangement and its implications are reviewed.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The Scottish Trauma Audit group (STAG) was searched for details of patients sustaining a thoracic injury and presenting to NHS Tayside over a 17 month period. Data were analyzed for demographic information, mechanisms of injury, associated injuries, management and outcome. 250 trauma patients were identified. One hundred and twelve patients (44.8%) were aged seventy years or older. Two hundred and thirteen patients (85.2%) underwent a thoracic CT scan. Fifty three patients (21%) required regional anaesthesia and 29 (12%) needed a chest drain. One patient underwent a resuscitative thoracotomy and 2 needed subclavian artery embolisation. Only 1 patient required an emergency transfer to a cardiothoracic centre.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A trauma centre without local cardio-thoracic surgery can deal with the majority of chest injuries. The contemporary management of chest injuries includes the liberal usage of CT scanning and regional anaesthetic techniques. The need for surgical intervention or transfer to a cardio-thoracic facility is rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of paediatric dog bite injuries presenting to plastic surgery services.","authors":"S Carr, R Leon, S Keelan, C M Hurley, C de Blacam","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dog bites represent a significant number of presentations to plastic surgery services in Ireland. Recent changes to legislation around ownership of restricted breeds of dog has highlighted safety in the public domain. The aim of this study was to provide a descriptive analysis of paediatric dog bite injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case series of all dog bite injuries referred to the plastic surgery service in Children's Hospital Ireland at Crumlin over a 3-year period (2020-2023). Patient demographics, group or breed of dog, details of injuries and interventions required, length of hospital stay, follow-up appointments and complications were recorded.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Eighty-nine patients were identified, 48 (53.9%) male and 41 (46.06%) female. The mean age at presentation was 6.8 years (range 1-15 years). Fifty-three (59.6%) of dog bites were from a family pet. Where documented, 32 (70%) of the dogs involved were non-legislated breeds and 14 (30%) were legislated breeds. Facial and head & neck injuries were most common. There was one pediatric intensive care admission and one mortality as result of dog bite injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dog bite injuries in children are highly morbid and preventable. In addition to legislation, mitigation of risk requires a multimodal, community-based approach that encompasses education of children, parents and dog owners.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric inguinal hernias - An increasingly urgent problem.","authors":"KiloranH M Metcalfe, Sophie Lewis, Nick Lansdale, Robert T Peters, David J Wilkinson","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Children's surgery remains underfunded after COVID-19 and waiting list times have risen. Children with inguinal hernias (IH) come into this group, and there has been concern that these delays put children at higher risk of morbidity and increases the burden on resources. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends in waiting times and establish the impact on children in a large tertiary unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective review of all IH operations at a tertiary unit, 1st March 2022 - 31st March 2023 (Cohort 1) and 1st April 2023 - 30th April 2024 (Cohort 2). Federation of Surgical Speciality Associations guidance was used to define prioritisation status and breaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>414 patients were included in the study (180 Cohort 1, 234 Cohort 2). Alongside the increase in overall operations, the proportion of emergency operations in cohort 2 was significantly higher (56/234 vs 19/180, p < 0.001). There were also increases in the median waiting times for P2 patients, from 9.9 to 21.5 weeks (p = 0.0272). For P3, this increase was from 10.1 to 23.0 weeks (p = 0.0001). In total 29 patients required an emergency operation (on the waiting list) and of these 18/29 had breached their intended target. Length of stay for emergency patients was 3 days, compared to 1 day for electives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with IH are experiencing longer waiting times resulting in more emergency procedures and higher hospital bed days. Increased provision of elective operating lists is needed to tackle this problem and reduce the overall burden on hospital resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the place of rural attachments in surgical training? A qualitative study of Scottish trainee experiences.","authors":"Israa Hussein, Jennifer A Cleland, Kenneth G Walker, Stuart J Fergusson","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Rural surgical training attachments are an important means to improve rural-urban workforce equity. Recent evidence from the USA indicates that the educational benefits of rural surgical attachments are much broader than just developing a rural workforce pipeline. In our own context rural attachments have been offered for many years, but the quality and gains from rural training have not been studied previously. Thus, the study aim was to explore UK core surgical trainees' experiences of a remote and rural rotation and the value they placed on this experience in terms of positioning them for their next career surgical steps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to gather the views and experiences of core surgical trainees (CSTs) who had undertaken a placement in a Scottish rural hospital. Interview questions were developed from the wider literature. Data were analysed using an inductive, thematic approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were identified from interviews with 10 trainees. First, rural surgical training is a unique and valuable learning experience, ideal for early surgical training, offering useful experiences for personal and professional growth. Second, rural training is a positive and personalised experience: a community experience both within and outside the hospital. Third, rural training is an opportunity to gain a broad understanding of healthcare delivery, and the impact of context on healthcare delivery. Fourth, there was a perceived misalignment between rural surgical training and core training requirements, and a view that rural training was not for everyone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rural surgical attachments in Scotland are high-quality educational experiences which effectively facilitate the development of both technical and non-technical skills and deliver self-learning as well as an understanding of the wider context of surgical care delivery. These placements integrate well into many surgical careers and their uniqueness could be better recognised in the training system.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authorship order in surgical research: Clarifying the role of middle authors.","authors":"Umar Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-operative mobilisation and mobility outcomes after pelvic exenteration surgery for colorectal cancer.","authors":"Stella Foley, Caitlain Cawte, Ellie Hawkins, Charlotte Jackson, Charlotte Kiemann, Andrew Kim, Meg Moore, Nanette Paxman, Ashlee Snoswell, Andrew Statham, Bronte Willis, Peter Window, Nadine Young, Peter Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total pelvic exenteration surgery varies in the level of resection performed and requirement for reconstructive surgery. This study aimed to describe the recovery of mobility in the post-operative period and how it varies according to the surgery performed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective audit of 104 patients was conducted, reflecting surgery conducted over a 7-year period. Data was collected until hospital discharge. Mobility was measured using the Intensive Care Mobility Scale. Results were analysed based on three levels of perineal resection (pelvic exenteration without abdominoperineal resection; abdominoperineal resection without flap reconstruction; and with flap reconstruction).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Flap reconstruction resulted in a longer time to the first stand (median [interquartile range] = 4 [3, 7] days) compared to abdominoperineal resection without a flap (3 [2, 5]) and exenteration surgery without abdominoperineal resection (2 [2, 3], P = <0.001). Differences in mobility were still present at hospital discharge, with 15 (49%) patients with flap reconstruction, 26 (61%) with abdominoperineal resection without flap reconstruction and 27 (90%) patients without abdominoperineal resection able to walk independently (P = 0.012). Patients undergoing flap reconstruction were more often transferred for rehabilitation (n = 9, 29%) after a prolonged hospital stay (37 [30, 85] days). They were less frequently discharged home (n = 11, 36%) compared to patients with abdominoperineal resection without flap reconstruction (n = 24, 60%) or without abdominoperineal resection (n = 21, 70%, P = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reconstructive surgery was associated with lower levels of mobility at hospital discharge and discharge to a rehabilitation facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total thyroidectomy or hemithyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma?","authors":"Jennifer L McGarry, Alexandra Zaborowski, Nicola McShane, Badriya Alkeni, Tessa Walton, Emma Kearns, Ryan Choo Rui Jye, Niall McInerney, Mel Corbett, Rachel Crowley, Marcia Bell, Tom Moran, Fergal O'Duffy, Orla Young, Denis Evoy, Aoife Lowery, Michael Kerin, Ruth S Prichard","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimal surgical management for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial, particularly regarding initial hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy. Understanding factors predicting the need for completion thyroidectomy and residual disease in the remnant lobe is critical for risk-adapted treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multicentre retrospective cohort study of 387 patients undergoing surgical management of DTC between 2015 and 2024 across three tertiary centres. Demographic, clinical, cytological, and pathological data were extracted and compared by surgical extent. Among patients initially treated with hemithyroidectomy, predictors of proceeding to completion thyroidectomy were assessed. In patients undergoing completion thyroidectomy, clinicopathological factors associated with residual disease in the completion lobe were identified using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 387 patients (median age 44 years, 78.0% female), 243 (63.0%) initially underwent hemithyroidectomy, and 143 (37.0%) underwent total thyroidectomy. Among hemithyroidectomy patients, 174 (71.3%) proceeded to completion thyroidectomy. Among completion thyroidectomy patients, residual disease was found in 63 (36.2%). Those undergoing completion thyroidectomy were more likely to have larger tumour (p < 0.001), nodal disease (0.006), extrathyroidal spread (0.003) and lymphovascular invasion (0.004). On multivariate analysis, male sex (OR 4.20, 95% CI [1.13, 15.63], p = 0.034) was independently associated with higher odds of residual disease in the completion lobe, while papillary subtype was associated with a lower odds of residual disease (OR 0.12, 95% CI [0.03, 0.50], p = 0.0045).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Larger nodule size and adverse pathological features were associated with higher rates of completion thyroidectomy. Among patients undergoing completion surgery, male sex independently predicted residual disease (OR 4.20, p = 0.034), while papillary histology was associated with a reduced risk (OR 0.12, p = 0.0045). These findings support risk-adapted surgical strategies and highlight the need for individualised decision-making and further prospective research to refine risk prediction in DTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Majority of trauma & orthopaedic surgeons believe their work puts them at risk of noise-induced hearing loss: Findings from a cross-sectional survey study.","authors":"Muhamed M Farhan-Alanie, Omar E S Mostafa, Randeep S Aujla, Peter Dh Wall, Benjamin Bloch, Usman Ahmed, Shahbaz S Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2026.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) surgery involves the use of instruments that generate loud noises. However, the perceptions of T&O surgeons regarding intraoperative noise are unknown. In the United Kingdom (UK), the 2005 Control of Noise at Work Regulations governs occupational noise exposure. This study aimed to investigate how T&O surgeons perceive and respond to intraoperative noise exposure, including their receipt of noise-related safety training and their awareness of relevant occupational health regulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 19-item questionnaire was distributed to T&O surgeons via social-media and email lists between 13th November 2024 and 13th February 2025. The questionnaire captured data on demographics and topic-specific issues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 126 responses were analysed. Most respondents were male (91.27%) with a median age of 45 years (IQR 37-53). Over half (54.76%) believed the procedures they were involved in are likely to cause noise-induced hearing loss. Concern was highest among those performing hip arthroplasty (regression coefficient 20.42, 95%CI 1.99-38.85, p = 0.030). Most participants reported not taking precautions to protect their hearing (89.68%). Only 11% were aware of the 2005 Control at Work Noise Regulations, and 99% did not receive formal training on workplace noise exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite concern about intraoperative noise exposure, most surgeons lacked awareness of the 2005 Control of Noise at Work Regulations and did not receive formal workplace training nor adopt protective measures. These findings highlight the need for improved support from professional bodies and employers to address these gaps and ensure access to training and equipment to mitigate the harms from intraoperative noise exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":49463,"journal":{"name":"Surgeon-Journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}