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A Long History: From Universal Language to Artificial Intelligence. 悠久的历史：从通用语言到人工智能。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2026.a988849
Mostafa H Abdou
{"title":"A Long History: From Universal Language to Artificial Intelligence.","authors":"Mostafa H Abdou","doi":"10.1353/tech.2026.a988849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2026.a988849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our access to language is governed by various technical infrastructures, artifacts, and media. The rise of AI language models has intensified questions surrounding such technical mediation-often framed as unprecedented disruptions. While historians and STS scholars have long emphasized the sociotechnical contingencies of informatic systems, scholarship has paid less attention to how contemporary language technologies intervene in longstanding debates about language, information, and the ordering of knowledge and social life. Beginning in seventeenth-century Europe, through projects for universal languages, and extending to the mid-twentieth-century emergence of information theory, and integration of computational methods into linguistics, this article shows that the formalization, coding, and rendering computable of language were co-constituted with particular epistemic assumptions, technical circumstances, and practices of knowledge production. By situating contemporary AI systems within this longer genealogy, the article reframes language technologies as historically contingent interventions rather than radical ruptures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"67 2","pages":"333-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deafening Data: Sound Measurement and Knowledge Making in the Cold War. 震耳欲聋的数据：冷战中的合理测量与知识制造。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2026.a980969
Georgi Georgiev
{"title":"Deafening Data: Sound Measurement and Knowledge Making in the Cold War.","authors":"Georgi Georgiev","doi":"10.1353/tech.2026.a980969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2026.a980969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Technical monitoring-the routine assessment of radio signal quality-gained unexpected significance during the Cold War. In an era marked by unreliable sources and propaganda, quantifiable technical data became especially valuable. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, a major Western broadcaster subject to deliberate interference by communist states, regularly measured the audibility of its jammed signal. These recordings went beyond technical concerns: acoustic categories became tools for studying closed societies during political crises. Meanwhile, technicians across the Iron Curtain provided party officials with statistics indicating who was winning the radio war. Acoustic data thus crossed geographical, ideological, and professional boundaries. This article examines how such technical monitoring transformed sound into data, bridging engineering, intelligence, and political communication. It also situates these practices within the wider history of Cold War media and the origins of datafication, inviting parallels to today's surveillance regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"67 1","pages":"173-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making Passengers Work: Infrastructural Labor and Exclusion in Mid-Twentieth-Century Stockholm's Public Transit. 让乘客工作：20世纪中期斯德哥尔摩公共交通的基础设施、劳动力和排斥。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2026.a988854
Elise Perrault, Martin Emanuel
{"title":"Making Passengers Work: Infrastructural Labor and Exclusion in Mid-Twentieth-Century Stockholm's Public Transit.","authors":"Elise Perrault, Martin Emanuel","doi":"10.1353/tech.2026.a988854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2026.a988854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While histories of technology have rarely considered workers and users together, this article shows how rationalization redistributed the labor of operating public transit between them. Examining Stockholm's fixed-conductor system in the 1940s reveals how these reforms intensified conductors' work while enrolling passengers in routinized practices of payment, boarding, and circulation. These expectations produced uneven access to mobility, privileging passengers able to comply with the prescribed travel routine and excluding those who could not. Drawing on the concept of infrastructural labor-the work required to build and operate infrastructures-the article reframes efficiency as a political process that reorganizes rights and responsibilities, embedding social differentiation into the everyday operation of mass transit.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"67 2","pages":"485-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
More Gender, Little Feminism: Technology and Culture and the Gendered Historiography of Technology, 1960-2025. 性别多，女权少：1960-2025年，技术与文化以及性别化的技术史学。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2026.a996506
Ginevra Sanvitale
{"title":"More Gender, Little Feminism: <i>Technology and Culture</i> and the Gendered Historiography of Technology, 1960-2025.","authors":"Ginevra Sanvitale","doi":"10.1353/tech.2026.a996506","DOIUrl":"10.1353/tech.2026.a996506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article offers the first comprehensive review of women's contributions and gender-focused research in Technology and Culture (T&amp;C) from its early years through 2025. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines distant reading of digital publication datasets with qualitative mapping of milestones and turning points in the history of T&amp;C, the article examines how the gender composition of authors evolved over time, how this has influenced the journal's content, and what broader role feminist theory has played in shaping new scholarly directions in the history of technology. Findings reveal that while women authors and gender-focused studies have steadily increased in number, engagement with feminist theory followed a less linear trajectory. Early historians advanced feminist approaches that influenced fields such as feminist science and technology studies and feminist digital humanities. Yet the normalization of gender analysis within the history of technology did not produce a similarly consolidated feminist historiographical tradition. The article concludes by outlining possible directions for recovering a more explicit feminist historiographical and methodological conversation within the field and across adjacent interdisciplinary domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"67 3","pages":"973-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cover Essay: How to Interpret Postcards. 封面文章：如何解读明信片。
IF 0.8 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Lynn Spigel
{"title":"Cover Essay: How to Interpret Postcards.","authors":"Lynn Spigel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This essay demonstrates the value of postcards as visual evidence for historical research. Focusing on midcentury hotel and motel postcards, it offers a brief history of postcard production technologies and techniques and explores visual strategies they employed. While analyzing these images, the essay also considers how postcards deleted certain aspects of the scenes they depicted, rendering unpleasant objects invisible to the observer. Therefore, this essay argues that what is absent from the image is as significant as what is present.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Waterwheels of Lizzafusina: Technological Innovation, Patenting, and Practical Necessity in Sixteenth-Century Venice. Lizzafusina的水车：16世纪威尼斯的技术创新、专利和实际需要。
IF 0.8 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01
David Gentilcore
{"title":"The Waterwheels of Lizzafusina: Technological Innovation, Patenting, and Practical Necessity in Sixteenth-Century Venice.","authors":"David Gentilcore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the reliance of watermen (acquaroli) in early modern Venice on increasingly sophisticated waterwheels, designed, produced, and patented by competing inventors during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, to load fresh water supplies that supplemented the rainwater on which the city otherwise depended for its freshwater needs. Using a range of archival and printed sources, this article examines the tools that delivered water to the watermen's barges and the state-sponsored competition this spurred among inventors. More broadly, the article investigates how Venice's patent process compared to those elsewhere in sixteenth-century Europe, with specific attention to the status of petitioners, contemporary notions of expertise, knowledge flows, and the role of the state.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 1","pages":"107-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behind the Artificial Mountain: The Consequences of the Choice of Raw Materials for South Korea's Soyang Dam, 1967-72. 人造山的背后：韩国西阳大坝原材料选择的后果，1967-72。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2025.a971302
Seohyun Park
{"title":"Behind the Artificial Mountain: The Consequences of the Choice of Raw Materials for South Korea's Soyang Dam, 1967-72.","authors":"Seohyun Park","doi":"10.1353/tech.2025.a971302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2025.a971302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article introduces the importance of \"raw materials activities\" to foreground the overlooked material and labor dimensions of infrastructure. Through a case study of South Korea's Soyang Dam, it argues that following raw material activities provides a lens for understanding the broader social and environmental impacts of infrastructure. Raw material activities refer to the full range of human and technical labor involved in construction materials-including planning, extraction, transportation, processing, and even the erasure of material traces after use. In the case of the Soyang Dam, examining this labor illuminates competing visions of national development, economic interests, environmental commodification, and the dispossession of both humans and nonhumans in rural areas. Recognizing the materiality of raw materials is essential to fully grasp the often-overlooked infrastructural impacts on society and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 4","pages":"1079-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Irritants Shape Infrastructure Engineering: The Thing-Power of Diversion Sluice Gates at the Guri Dam, Venezuela, 1963-69. 刺激物如何塑造基础设施工程：委内瑞拉古里大坝引水闸门的物动力，1963-69。
IF 0.7 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2025.a965822
Frederik Schulze
{"title":"How Irritants Shape Infrastructure Engineering: The Thing-Power of Diversion Sluice Gates at the Guri Dam, Venezuela, 1963-69.","authors":"Frederik Schulze","doi":"10.1353/tech.2025.a965822","DOIUrl":"10.1353/tech.2025.a965822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From a new materialist perspective, infrastructures are contingent and animated by agential forces, including the matter and objects from which they are constructed. They do not always behave as intended; instead, infrastructures-or parts of them-can become irritants. This article introduces the idea of \"irritants\" to highlight the disruptive and generative capacities of the material world. Through a case study of the Guri Dam in Venezuela during the 1960s, it examines how engineers responded to the jamming sluice gates that threatened the dam's stability. Drawing on Jane Bennett's notion of \"thing-power,\" the article attributes agency to the gates themselves. Initially, engineers lacked a clear solution; and only after a prolonged process of experimentation and the introduction of new technical objects, such as custom-built grids, was the issue resolved. The article contributes to new materialist scholarship by exploring microhistorical approaches to materiality and emphasizing the agency of nonhuman entities in infrastructural history.</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 3","pages":"731-750"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum. 勘误表。
IF 0.8 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2025.a956845
{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/tech.2025.a956845","DOIUrl":"10.1353/tech.2025.a956845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 2","pages":"viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Roundtable: Global Histories of Technology in Worlds of Environmental Change. 圆桌会议：环境变化世界中的全球技术史。
IF 0.8 3区 哲学
Technology and Culture Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Erik van der Vleuten, Evelien de Hoop, Jonas van der Straeten, Jethron Ayumbah Akallah, Animesh Chatterjee, Matthias Heymann, Prakash Kumar
{"title":"Roundtable: Global Histories of Technology in Worlds of Environmental Change.","authors":"Erik van der Vleuten, Evelien de Hoop, Jonas van der Straeten, Jethron Ayumbah Akallah, Animesh Chatterjee, Matthias Heymann, Prakash Kumar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the face of diverse and uneven environmental crises across the globe, ongoing efforts to \"globalize\" the history of technology field may be considered urgent. In doing so, however, we risk uncritically exporting the norms and practices of a predominantly Western-centric field-an arguably colonial act. This roundtable explores four areas of contention: how to conceptualize \"the global\"; why, how and with whom to study \"history\" amid threatened \"futures\"; how to articulate and delineate the field's subject matter (\"technology\"); and how researchers can collaborate equitably within and across diverse sites around the globe. Building on these discussions, we propose three themes for further conversation: how to transcend the North-South binary without disregarding its critical insights; how to balance the use of locally specific vocabularies with quasi-global terms; and how to develop collaborative relationships with those whose histories historians document, fostering joint experimentation with \"historiographical interventions.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":49446,"journal":{"name":"Technology and Culture","volume":"66 1","pages":"11-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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