World Journal of Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Differentiating melancholic and non-melancholic depression via biological markers: A review.","authors":"Michael J Spoelma, Anastasia Serafimovska, Gordon Parker","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2219725","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2219725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Melancholia is a severe form of depression that is typified by greater genetic and biological influence, distinct symptomatology, and preferential response to physical treatment. This paper sought to broadly overview potential biomarkers of melancholia to benefit differential diagnosis, clinical responses and treatment outcomes. Given nuances in distinguishing melancholia as its own condition from other depressive disorder, we emphasised studies directly comparing melancholic to non-melancholic depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted. Key studies were identified and summarised qualitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>105 studies in total were identified. These studies covered a wide variety of biomarkers, and largely fell into three domains: endocrinological (especially cortisol levels, particularly in response to the dexamethasone suppression test), neurological, and immunological (particularly inflammatory markers). Less extensive evidence also exists for metabolic, genetic, and cardiovascular markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Definitive conclusions were predominantly limited due to substantial heterogeneity in how included studies defined melancholia. Furthermore, this heterogeneity could be responsible for the between- and within-group variability observed in the candidate biomarkers that were examined. Therefore, clarifying these definitional parameters may help identify underlying patterns in biomarker expression to improve diagnostic and therapeutic precision for the depressive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"761-810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9993995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between programmed death-1 pathway and major depression.","authors":"Kuan-Wei Huang, Tiao-Lai Huang","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2209876","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2209876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Major depression (MD) may be associated with inflammation and immunity. PD-1 (programmed death-1), PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) and PD-L2 (programmed death-ligand 2) are among the inhibitory immune mediators on the PD-1 pathway. However, previous data regarding the association between MD and PD-1 pathway were still scarce; therefore, we investigated the association of PD-1 pathway with MD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During a period of 2 years, patients with MD and healthy controls were recruited from a medical centre in this study. The diagnosis of MD was established according to the DSM-5 criteria. The severity of MD was assessed with 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 were detected in peripheral blood from MD patients after 4 weeks of treatment with antidepressant drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 54 patients with MD and 38 healthy controls were recruited. According to the analyses, there is a significantly higher PD-L2 level in MD than in healthy controls and lower PD-1 level after age and BMI adjustment. Besides, moderately positive correlation between HAM-D scores and PD-L2 level was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was found that PD-1 pathway might play an important role in MD. We need a large sample to prove these results in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"822-828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9459205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple genes encoding mitochondrial ribosomes are downregulated in brain and blood samples of individuals with schizophrenia.","authors":"Gideon Bartal, Assif Yitzhaky, Aviv Segev, Libi Hertzberg","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2211653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2211653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Schizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental disorder whose pathophysiology is complex and not fully understood. Numerous studies suggest mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the development of schizophrenia. While mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are essential for proper mitochondrial functioning, their gene expression levels have not been studied yet in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic meta-analysis of the expression of 81 mitoribosomes subunits encoding genes, integrating ten brain samples datasets of patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls (overall 422 samples, 211 schizophrenia, and 211 controls). We also performed a meta-analysis of their expression in blood, integrating two blood sample datasets (overall 90 samples, 53 schizophrenia, and 37 controls).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple mitoribosomes subunits were significantly downregulated in brain samples (18 genes) and in blood samples (11 genes) of individuals with schizophrenia, where two showed significant downregulation in both brain and blood, MRPL4 and MRPS7.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results support the accumulating evidence of impaired mitochondrial activity in schizophrenia. While further research is needed to validate mitoribosomes' role as biomarkers, this direction has the potential to promote patients' stratification and personalised treatment for schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"829-837"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9544898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BDNF CpG methylation and serum levels covary during alcohol withdrawal in patients with alcohol use disorder: A pilot study.","authors":"Aurélie Lacroix, Nicolas Ramoz, Murielle Girard, Brigitte Plansont, Daphnée Poupon, Philip Gorwood, Philippe Nubukpo","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2242924","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2242924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels vary in various conditions including alcohol use disorder (AUD). We aimed to identify drivers of these variations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve patients with AUD were assessed at hospitalisation for alcohol withdrawal and four months later. We looked for associations between the change in serum BDNF levels and (1) length of abstinence, (2) anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) and depression (Beck-Depression Inventory), (3) one functional BDNF genotype (rs6265) and (4) methylation levels of 12 CpG sites within the BDNF gene (located in exons I, IV and IX).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While abstinence remained, serum BDNF level increased. This increase correlated with the variation of methylation levels of the <i>BDNF</i> gene, and more specifically of exon I. We found no significant effect of length of abstinence, rs6265, depression or anxiety on serum BDNF level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Epigenetic regulation of the <i>BDNF</i> gene may be involved in variations of BDNF blood level associated with alcohol abstinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"854-859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10330708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of optical coherence tomography studies in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.","authors":"Akash Prasannakumar,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar,&nbsp;Pooja Mailankody,&nbsp;Abhishek Appaji,&nbsp;Rajani Battu,&nbsp;Tos T J M Berendschot,&nbsp;Naren P Rao","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2203231","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2203231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Due to the common neurodevelopmental origin and easy accessibility, the retina serves as a surrogate marker for changes in the brain. Hence, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a tool to examine the neuronal layers of retina has gained importance in investigating psychiatric disorders. Several studies in the last decade have reported retinal structural alterations in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the findings are inconsistent. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate alterations in OCT parameters in patients with SCZ, BD and MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched electronic databases for studies that examined OCT parameters in patients with SCZ, BD and MDD published up to January 2023. The primary outcome measures were thickness and volumes of the retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL). We conducted meta-analysis using a random effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The searches yielded 2638 publications of which 43 studies were included in the final analysis across all disorders. Compared to controls, the RNFL was thinner in SCZ patients (SMD = -0.37, <i>p</i> = <0.001) and BD patients (SMD = -0.67, <i>p</i> = < 0.001), but not in MDD patients (SMD = -0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.54). On quadrant wise analysis, temporal quadrant RNFL was thinner in SCZ but not in BD, while all other quadrants were thinner in both SCZ and BD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found significant reductions in RNFL thickness in SCZ and BD, but not in MDD. The differential involvement in various quadrants and parameters across the disorders has potential implications for using retinal parameters as a diagnostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"707-720"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9513687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basal glutamate in the hippocampus and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia: Relationships to cognitive proficiency investigated with structural equation modelling.","authors":"Jeffrey A Stanley,&nbsp;Ana M Daugherty,&nbsp;Claire Richter Gorey,&nbsp;Patricia Thomas,&nbsp;Dalal Khatib,&nbsp;Asadur Chowdury,&nbsp;Usha Rajan,&nbsp;Luay Haddad,&nbsp;Alireza Amirsadri,&nbsp;Vaibhav A Diwadkar","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2197653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2197653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Schizophrenia is characterised by deficits across multiple cognitive domains and altered glutamate related neuroplasticity. The purpose was to investigate whether glutamate deficits are related to cognition in schizophrenia, and whether glutamate-cognition relationships are different between schizophrenia and controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 3 Tesla was acquired from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and hippocampus in 44 schizophrenia participants and 39 controls during passive viewing visual task. Cognitive performance (working memory, episodic memory, and processing speed) was assessed on a separate session. Group differences in neurochemistry and mediation/moderation effects using structural equation modelling (SEM) were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Schizophrenia participants showed lower hippocampal glutamate (<i>p</i> = .0044) and myo-Inositol (<i>p</i> = .023) levels, and non-significant dlPFC levels. Schizophrenia participants also demonstrated poorer cognitive performance (<i>p</i> < .0032). SEM-analyses demonstrated no mediation or moderation effects, however, an opposing dlPFC glutamate-processing speed association between groups was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hippocampal glutamate deficits in schizophrenia participants are consistent with evidence of reduced neuropil density. Moreover, SEM analyses indicated that hippocampal glutamate deficits in schizophrenia participants as measured during a passive state were not driven by poorer cognitive ability. We suggest that functional MRS may provide a better framework for investigating glutamate-cognition relationships in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"730-740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10591941/pdf/nihms-1930869.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9707006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in families with multiple individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and intellectual disability.","authors":"Shengmin Zhang,&nbsp;Kaiyu Shi,&nbsp;Nan Lyu,&nbsp;Yunshu Zhang,&nbsp;Guangming Liang,&nbsp;Wufang Zhang,&nbsp;Xijin Wang,&nbsp;Hong Wen,&nbsp;Liping Wen,&nbsp;Hong Ma,&nbsp;Jijun Wang,&nbsp;Xin Yu,&nbsp;Lili Guan","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2198595","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2198595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Schizophrenia (SZ) and intellectual disability (ID) are both included in the continuum of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). DNA methylation is known to be important in the occurrence of NDDs. The family study is conducive to eliminate the effects of relative epigenetic backgrounds, and to screen for differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) that are truly associated with NDDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four monozygotic twin families were recruited, and both twin individuals suffered from NDDs (either SZ, ID, or SZ plus ID). Genome-wide methylation analysis was performed in all samples and each family. DMPs and DMRs between NDD patients and unaffected individuals were identified. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed on the annotated genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two significant DMPs annotated to <i>CYP2E1</i> were found in all samples. In Family One, 1476 DMPs mapped to 880 genes, and 162 DMRs overlapping with 153 unique genes were recognised. Our results suggested that the altered methylation levels of <i>FYN</i>, <i>STAT3</i>, <i>RAC1</i>, and <i>NR4A2</i> were associated with the development of SZ and ID. Neurodevelopment and the immune system may participate in the occurrence of SZ and ID.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that DNA methylation participated in the development of NDDs by affecting neurodevelopment and the immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"741-753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9314553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red cell distribution width and depressive symptoms: A failed replication in female adolescents.","authors":"Valentin Kriegmair,&nbsp;Christine Sigrist,&nbsp;Jasper Vöckel,&nbsp;Michael Kaess,&nbsp;Julian Koenig","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2203222","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2203222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite the increasingly high prevalence and serious consequences of depression in adolescents, there is a lack of economical and reliable biomarkers to aid the diagnostic process. Recent findings suggest that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is an easily obtainable biomarker of depression in adults. Here, we aimed to replicate the finding of increased RDW in clinically depressed adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from depressed adolescent female patients (<i>n</i> = 93) and healthy controls (HC) (<i>n</i> = 43) aged 12-17 years from the AtR!Sk-bio cohort study were retrospectively analysed. We compared RDW between groups and tested whether there was an association between RDW and depression severity and global (psychiatric) symptom severity. We also examined the influence of age on RDW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference between depressed patients and healthy controls and no association between RDW and depression severity. However, higher RDW values were associated with greater global symptom severity. Regardless of group, there was a positive association between RDW and age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RDW appears to be unfit as an aid for clinical diagnosis of depression in adolescents, but may be useful in assessing global psychiatric symptom burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"754-759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9457004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of biomarkers for diagnosing insomnia: Consensus statement of the WFSBP Task Force on Sleep Disorders.","authors":"Dimitris Dikeos,&nbsp;Adam Wichniak,&nbsp;Periklis Y Ktonas,&nbsp;Thorsten Mikoteit,&nbsp;Tatjana Crönlein,&nbsp;Anne Eckert,&nbsp;Jana Kopřivová,&nbsp;Maria Ntafouli,&nbsp;Kai Spiegelhalder,&nbsp;Martin Hatzinger,&nbsp;Dieter Riemann,&nbsp;Constantin Soldatos","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2171479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2023.2171479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Thus far, the diagnosis of insomnia is based on purely clinical criteria. Although a broad range of altered physiological parameters has been identified in insomniacs, the evidence to establish their diagnostic usefulness is very limited. Purpose of this WFSBP Task Force consensus paper is to systematically evaluate a series of biomarkers as potential diagnostic tools for insomnia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A newly created grading system was used for assessing the validity of various measurements in establishing the diagnosis of insomnia; these measurements originated from relevant studies selected and reviewed by experts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The measurements with the highest diagnostic performance were those derived from psychometric instruments. Biological measurements which emerged as potentially useful diagnostic instruments were polysomnography-derived cyclic alternating pattern, actigraphy, and BDNF levels, followed by heart rate around sleep onset, deficient melatonin rhythm, and certain neuroimaging patterns (mainly for the activity of frontal and pre-frontal cortex, hippocampus and basal ganglia); yet, these findings need replication, as well as establishment of commonly accepted methodology and diagnostic cut-off points. Routine polysomnography, EEG spectral analysis, heart rate variability, skin conductance, thermoregulation, oxygen consumption, HPA axis, and inflammation indices were not shown to be of satisfactory diagnostic value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Apart from psychometric instruments which are confirmed to be the gold standard in diagnosing insomnia, six biomarkers emerge as being potentially useful for this purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"614-642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10850217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates depression-like behaviours via a neural mechanism involving activation of Nucleus Accumbens Shell.","authors":"Hua-Min Zhang,&nbsp;Zhe-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2022.2155993","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2022.2155993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the depression-like behaviours in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress (CRS) and explored the underlying neural mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Depression-like behaviours including sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT) and tail suspension test (TST) were carried out to evaluate the effects of CRS and EA treatment. Using immunohistochemistry to measure the expression of c-Fos. The Nucleus Accumbens Shell (NAc Shell) in C57BL/6J mice were activated or inhibited using Chemogenetics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the CRS stimulated groups showed lower sucrose preference in the SPT and decreased centre times in the OFT, and increased immobility time in the TST when compared to the normal control. Interestingly, EA at LR3 or HT7 exerted anti-depressant effects, and LR3 EA exhibited a more significant restoration than HT7. Furthermore, EA at LR3 increased expression of c-Fos in the NAc Shell. Chemogenetic inhibition of NAc Shell blocked the effects of EA, whereas enhancement of NAc Shell activity profoundly reversed depressive phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LR3 EA was effective in alleviating the depressive-like behaviours, and this therapeutic effect was associated with the activation of NAc Shell. Collectively, these findings revealed that EA may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"721-729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9918315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}