Ruhan Deniz Topuz, Buse Cevık, Kursat Guler, Ozgur Gunduz, Cetin Hakan Karadag, Ahmet Ulugol
{"title":"Do serum endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamine concentrations reflect their brain levels in two different rat stress models?","authors":"Ruhan Deniz Topuz, Buse Cevık, Kursat Guler, Ozgur Gunduz, Cetin Hakan Karadag, Ahmet Ulugol","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2502394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2025.2502394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the brain is not the only source of circulating endocannabinoids and their levels can be affected by many factors, it is underlined that serum endocannabinoid levels can be used as a biomarker in psychiatric disorders. In this study, we aimed to examine whether serum endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamine concentrations reflect their brain levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study acute immobilisation (AIS) and post-traumatic stress (PTSD) models were applied to Wistar albino male rats. Rota rod performance, forced swim, open field and elevated plus maze tests were performed. Endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamine levels in serum and hippocampus, amygdala and cortex were assessed using LC-MS/MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed significant increases in anandamide (AEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoethylethanolamide (OEA) levels in the amygdala and hippocampus in both models except PEA in amygdala in the AIS group, while 2-AG levels decreased. There was no change in serum AEA and 2-AG levels in all groups; in the PTSD group serum PEA levels were higher whereas OEA levels were lower in both the AIS and the PTSD groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show that there is no correlation in endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamine levels between serum and specific brain regions in two stress models of rat.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ian C Fischer, Cassie Overstreet, Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza, Dan Qiu, John H Krystal, Renato Polimanti, Joel Gelernter, Robert H Pietrzak
{"title":"Optimism moderates the relationship between inflammatory polygenic risk and major depressive disorder in U.S. Military veterans.","authors":"Ian C Fischer, Cassie Overstreet, Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza, Dan Qiu, John H Krystal, Renato Polimanti, Joel Gelernter, Robert H Pietrzak","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2498352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2025.2498352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability, and chronic inflammation is a contributing factor to its onset and progression. This study examined the relationship between genetic predisposition to inflammation and MDD risk in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans, as well as psychosocial moderators of this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A composite polygenic risk score (PRS) for inflammatory biomarkers was derived from the UK Biobank and examined in relation to a positive MDD screen in 1,660 European-American veterans. The analysis adjusted for known correlates of inflammation and MDD, including medical conditions and cumulative trauma burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each standard deviation increase in the inflammatory PRS was associated with more than two-fold increased odds of screening positive for MDD (OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.39-4.54). Interaction analyses revealed that optimism moderated this association; among those in the highest PRS tertile, individuals with high optimism were more than 30 times less likely to screen positive for MDD compared to those with low optimism (0.7% vs. 22.6%). Pathway-based analyses identified enrichment of immune- and brain-related gene sets, highlighting potential biological mechanisms linking inflammation and MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest genetic risk for inflammation contributes to MDD vulnerability and that optimism may buffer this risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cherise R Chin Fatt, Srividya Vasu, Nabila Haque, Emine Rabia Ayvaci, Manish K Jha, Jane A Foster, Madhukar H Trivedi
{"title":"Cellular immune phenotype of major depressive disorder - findings from the EMBARC study.","authors":"Cherise R Chin Fatt, Srividya Vasu, Nabila Haque, Emine Rabia Ayvaci, Manish K Jha, Jane A Foster, Madhukar H Trivedi","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2486137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2025.2486137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with immune dysfunction. This study aimed to characterize the cellular immunophenotypes that may underpin immune dysregulation in MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples at baseline from participants with MDD from the Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care (EMBARC) study were included. A panel of 33 antibodies was analyzed using mass cytometry to compare the immune cell abundance and marker expression profiles between participants with mild and moderate/severe depression. Mass cytometry data were investigated using (1) Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction (UMAP), (2) FlowSOM (self-organizing maps) for clustering, and (3) Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) for statistical analyzes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FlowSOM identified 8 clusters of distinct cell types. The abundance of cytotoxic T, NK, NK T, and Naïve B cells was significantly lower in participants with moderate/severe depression compared to mild depression. NKT cells had significantly lower CD56 and CD16 expression in patients with moderate/severe depression compared to patients with mild depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our observations provide evidence for alterations in B, NKT, and NK cell abundance and their cell surface markers in moderate/severe depression. Further investigations into immune cell dysfunction in moderate/severe depression are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoine Wicker, Hugo Bottemanne, Walid Choucha, Romain Colle, Emmanuelle Corruble
{"title":"Hypothermia and fluctuations in body temperature should be considered for the positive diagnosis of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.","authors":"Antoine Wicker, Hugo Bottemanne, Walid Choucha, Romain Colle, Emmanuelle Corruble","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2481621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2481621","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonia Feyrer, Katharina Kerkel, Eva Mlcochova, Berthold Langguth, Martin Schecklmann
{"title":"No sex difference in the antidepressive effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS): results from a retrospective analysis of a large real-world sample.","authors":"Antonia Feyrer, Katharina Kerkel, Eva Mlcochova, Berthold Langguth, Martin Schecklmann","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2488357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15622975.2025.2488357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is only limited knowledge about the impact of sex on the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in depressive disorders. Here, we analysed a large real-world sample of depressive patients with respect to potential sex-specific effects of rTMS treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of 984 patients (539 females/445 males) were analysed. Patients received various antidepressant TMS protocols, most of them 10Hz, 20 Hz, Theta burst or accelerated protocols over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Changes in Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Major Depression Inventory (MDI) scores as well as response and remission rates were compared between female and male patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in any outcome between female and male patients. Response rates according to the HAMD-21 scores were 34.3% for females and 30.1% for males, according to the MDI 33.1% and 33.5% respectively. In an additional explorative analysis there was a tendency towards better outcome for females for the 20 Hz protocol.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The antidepressive effectiveness of rTMS does not differ between men and women.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"26 4","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia A Handschuh, Matej Murgaš, Dietmar Winkler, Edda Winkler-Pjrek, Annette M Hartmann, Katharina Domschke, Pia Baldinger-Melich, Dan Rujescu, Rupert Lanzenberger, Marie Spies
{"title":"<i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract EGb 761 is safe and effective in the treatment of mild dementia - a meta-analysis of patient subgroups in randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Matthias Riepe, Robert Hoerr, Sandra Schlaefke","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2446830","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2024.2446830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild dementia is distressing for patients and their relatives. Due to its chronic and progressive nature, healthcare systems are at risk of being overwhelmed by the increasing number of affected patients. Thus, there is a need for safe and well-tolerated treatments that can be initiated at the earliest stages.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This meta-analysis of clinical trials aimed to assess the treatment effects of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract EGb 761 in patients with mild dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eligible randomised placebo-controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. Data of patients with mild dementia (defined as the SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test total scores from 9 to 15) were selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis was performed with pooled data from four eligible trials comprising 782 patients with mild dementia. Treatment with 240 mg EGb 761 daily was significantly superior to placebo in cognition (<i>p</i> = 0.04), global assessment (<i>p</i> = 0.01), activities of daily living (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and quality of life (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Standardised effects were medium to large. The frequency of adverse events was alike in patients treated with EGb 761 and placebo (<i>p</i> = 0.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The meta-analysis demonstrates that patients with mild dementia benefit from EGb 761 in terms of cognition, activities of daily living, global assessment and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"119-129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruna Panizzutti, Chiara C Bortolasci, Briana Spolding, Srisaiyini Kidnapillai, Timothy Connor, Trang Tt Truong, Zoe Sj Liu, Damián Hernández, Laura Gray, Jee Hyun Kim, Olivia M Dean, Michael Berk, Ken Walder
{"title":"Effect of antipsychotics on the focal adhesion pathway.","authors":"Bruna Panizzutti, Chiara C Bortolasci, Briana Spolding, Srisaiyini Kidnapillai, Timothy Connor, Trang Tt Truong, Zoe Sj Liu, Damián Hernández, Laura Gray, Jee Hyun Kim, Olivia M Dean, Michael Berk, Ken Walder","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2453181","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2453181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focal adhesions and their dynamic nature are essential for various physiological processes, including the formation of neurites, synaptic function and plasticity. Alterations in these processes have been associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to explore the impact of pharmacological treatments used for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on the expression of genes involved in the focal adhesion pathway, addressing a gap in understanding the interaction between medication effects and disease pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NT2-N (neuron-like) cells were exposed to treatment with amisulpride, aripiprazole, chlorpromazine, clozapine, haloperidol, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, or vehicle for 24 h. Genome-wide mRNA expression was analysed using gene set enrichment analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that seven out of the eight drugs widely prescribed for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia downregulate the expression of genes associated with the focal adhesions pathway. Focal adhesion was the pathway with the most negative normalised enrichment score across all treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results support the hypothesis that focal adhesion pathways may play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Moreover, the data underscore the importance of differentiating medication effects from disease mechanisms in psychiatric research, a challenge compounded by the medicated state of most study participants.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel mutations found in genes involved in global developmental delay and intellectual disability by whole-exome sequencing, homology modeling, and systems biology.","authors":"Nafiseh Moeinifar, Zohreh Hojati","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2453198","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2453198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genes associated with global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID) are increasingly being identified through next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. This study aimed to identify novel mutations in GDD/ID phenotypes through whole-exome sequencing (WES) and additional <i>in silico</i> analyses.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>WES was performed on 27 subjects, among whom 18 were screened for potential novel mutations. <i>In silico</i> analyses included protein-protein interactions (PPIs), gene-miRNA interactions (GMIs), and enrichment analyses. The identified novel variants were further modelled using I-Tasser-MTD and SWISS-MODEL, with structural superimposition performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Novel mutations were detected in 18 patients, with 10 variants reported for the first time. Among these, three were classified as pathogenic (<i>DNMT1</i>:c.856dup, <i>KCNQ2</i>:c.1635_1636insT, and <i>TMEM94</i>:c.2598_2599insC), and six were likely pathogenic. <i>DNMT1</i> and <i>MRE11</i> were highlighted as key players in PPIs and GMIs. GMIs analysis emphasised the roles of hsa-miR-30a-5p and hsa-miR-185-5p. The top-scoring pathways included the neuronal system (R-HSA-112316, <i>p</i> = 7.73E-04) and negative regulation of the smooth muscle cell apoptotic process (<i>p</i> = 3.37E-06). Homology modelling and superimposition revealed a significant functional loss in the mutated DNMT1 enzyme structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified 10 novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants associated with GDD/ID, supported by clinical findings and <i>in silico</i> analyses focused on <i>DNMT1</i> mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"130-145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Plevin, Elizabeth H X Thomas, Lisa Hahn, Scott Clark, Leo Chen
{"title":"Clinical predictors of standard and accelerated theta burst rTMS treatment response in depression: an analysis from a multicentre RCT.","authors":"David Plevin, Elizabeth H X Thomas, Lisa Hahn, Scott Clark, Leo Chen","doi":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2468240","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15622975.2025.2468240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our group conducted a single-blind, controlled, multi-site trial, wherein participants with treatment-resistant depression were randomised to standard 10 Hz rTMS, applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), or accelerated bilateral TBS (aBLTBS), applied sequentially to the right then left DLPFC. We present a secondary analysis of this trial, investigating clinical predictors for treatment response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Logistic regression analysis explored the relationship between TMS response and, adjusted for baseline depressive symptom severity: suicidality, current episode duration, age, sex, and presence of melancholia and psychosis. The relationship between self-reported past ECT response and current rTMS treatment response was evaluated with McNemar's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted response status to aBLTBS, but not standard rTMS, is influenced by duration of current episode (aBLTBS OR 0.9945, <i>p</i> = 0.0417 vs. rTMS OR 0.9973, <i>p</i> = 0.2870). No other differential response predictors were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are no clinically significant differential response predictors to standard rTMS or accelerated TBS treatment protocols. Accelerated TBS or standard rTMS may be effective in treatment-resistant depression, including in patients with previous ECT non-response, and psychosis may lower the odds of treatment response. Given the overall time efficiency in delivering accelerated TBS, this may further strengthen the argument for its broader clinical adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":49358,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biological Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}