Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Serum citrulline as a prognostic marker in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Kasper Kuna, Jacek Burzyński, Damian Mikulski, Bartosz Kamil Sobocki, Anna Papis-Ubych, Konrad Stawiski, Jacek Fijuth, Piotr Kędzierawski, Jacek Sadowski, Rafał Stando, Robert Bibik, Łukasz Graczyk, Tomasz Latusek, Tomasz Rutkowski, Wojciech Fendler, Bartłomiej Tomasik","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.158130","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.158130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) represents one of the most rapidly increasing head and neck cancers worldwide, with prognosis strongly influenced by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Given the clinical significance, there is a strong demand to evaluate novel biomarkers to monitor treatment outcomes. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess the prognostic value of citrulline, a well- established marker of enterocyte injury, in patients undergoing OPC treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We reanalysed a cohort of patients with OPC recruited across three tertiary oncology centres in Poland. All patients were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy, with concurrent chemotherapy. Serum citrulline levels were measured prior to treatment using a dedicated ELISA kit. The associations between pre-treatment citrulline levels, clinical characteristics, and patient survival outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 patients treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) were included. The baseline citrulline level showed no significant association with clinical characteristics. In univariable Cox regression, tumour size, along with induction chemotherapy, were significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and progression- free survival (PFS). In contrast, the baseline citrulline level was not predictive in univariate analysis. In the subgroup analysis of patients with positive HPV status, both the larger tumour size and higher citrulline level were significantly associated with poorer OS and PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Baseline citrulline demonstrated prognostic value for OS and PFS in HPV-positive patients treated with CRT. These findings suggest a potential role for citrulline as a biomarker of treatment-related vulnerability in OPC and warrant further validation in larger, independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis, prognostic prediction of the accelerated phase of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a narrative review.","authors":"Krzysztof Michalak, Łukasz Mazur, Alicja Bujara, Dariusz Woszczyk, Wojciech Michalak","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.159428","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.159428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a chronic lymphoproliferative disease characterized by the proliferation of monoclonal B lymphocytes. It is the most common adult leukaemia in Western populations. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia can progress to the accelerated phase and Richter transformation. Accelerated CLL (aCLL) is likely to reflect the biological state of CLL tumour cells characterized by high proliferation, resulting in an aggressive form of the disease and, consequently, a poor prognosis. Richter transformation represents an aggressive histological transformation from CLL, most often to a large B-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by chemoresistance and subsequent short survival. Therefore, appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are essential to detect and effectively treat the progression of the underlying disease promptly. While a variety of tools for CLL diagnosis are available, there is no gold standard in clinical practice. Therefore, the aim of this review was to synthesise the current knowledge regarding diagnostic tools for aCLL and compare their relative advantages and disadvantages, to identify the most clinically efficacious option.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When two lives intersect: melanoma in pregnancy: mechanisms, risks, and management strategies.","authors":"Svetoslava Troyanova Slavkova, Dimitar Slavkov","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.159547","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.159547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy-associated melanoma is one of the more frequently encountered malignancies during gestation, although its overall incidence remains low. Current evidence suggests that pregnancy itself does not adversely affect melanoma-specific survival when the tumour stage is considered, yet clinical management remains challenging. Physiological skin changes can obscure early detection, and limitations on imaging modalities and systemic therapies restrict standard diagnostic and treatment options. Additional uncertainty surrounds the safety and timing of sentinel lymph node biopsy during pregnancy. Although metastases to the placenta or foetus are exceedingly rare, placental histopathological examination is recommended in cases of advanced maternal disease to ensure appropriate follow-up. Optimal care relies on applying standard melanoma treatment principles with thoughtful adjustments to safeguard foetal well-being. Continued research and larger, higher-quality datasets are essential to improve prognostic accuracy and guide evidence-based management in this complex and clinically sensitive setting, supporting clinicians in delivering safer care for affected pregnant patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glioblastoma with an uncommon <i>TP53</i> mutation presenting with pleural metastasis: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Zuzanna Biegała, Oliwia Kowalczyk, Julia Sołek, Piotr Czapiewski, Jakub Jankowski, Maciej Radek, Dominik Paprocki, Witold Skierkowski, Marcin Braun","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.158129","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.158129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracranial metastasis of glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely rare phenomenon and is associated with a poor prognosis. Here, we present the case of a 55-year-old woman who developed pleural metastasis of GBM, manifesting non-specific breathing difficulties during treatment. This case highlights the importance of integrating multiple diagnostic approaches, as only the comparison of histopathological examination results with the patient's clinical history - right temporal lobe GBM - enabled the final diagnosis of GBM metastasis. Next-generation sequencing was performed as part of the diagnostic workup and revealed a p.G266R TP53 mutation. Additionally, imaging revealed an extensive heterogeneous lesion at the site of the previously resected GBM, which proved to be an inoperable gliosarcoma (World Health Organization grade 4). This rare presentation of GBM with distant pleural metastasis, combined with the identification of an uncommon TP53 mutation, represents a unique diagnostic and clinical challenge and underscores the novelty of this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"98-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-driven body composition analysis and its association with survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases.","authors":"Miłosz Rozynek, Zbisław Tabor, Stanisław Kłęk, Tadeusz Popiela, Wadim Wojciechowski","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.163047","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.163047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although computed tomography (CT)-based assessment of body composition has demonstrated that the prognostic value in oncological patients of traditional single-slice manual segmentation is limited by variability and time constraints. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic significance of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven, fully automated volumetric body composition analysis in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Clinical and imaging data were collected from 177 patients with CRLM (105 males and 72 females) with a mean age of 59.72 ±12.19 years. Contrast- enhanced CT scans performed within six weeks of partial hepatectomy were processed using a custom AI-driven segmentation pipeline. Segmentation accuracy was assessed using the Dice coefficient. A Cox proportional- hazards model was employed to analyse the relationship between body composition parameters and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The segmentation model achieved a median Dice coefficient above 0.99. The final survival model identified nine significant predictors of overall survival, including muscle segment volume percentage, mean Hounsfield units (HU) of the muscle segment, maximum tumour size (cm), sex, presence of multiple metastases (≥ 2), extrahepatic disease, prior chemotherapy before liver resection, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and histopathological treatment response > 50%. A higher muscle volume percentage was associated with improved survival (HR = 0.69, <i>p</i> < 0.05), while increased mean HU in muscle segment related to a higher hazard of death (HR = 1.36, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Automated skeletal muscle measurements revealed significant associations with survival, emphasising their role in outcome prediction and underscoring the need for further validation in larger, multi-institutional cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 2","pages":"170-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pre-treatment systemic inflammation indices (systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and inflammatory benchmark index) in predicting mortality risk in patients with pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Marta Fudalej, Daria Kwaśniewska, Anna Badowska Kozakiewicz, Andrzej Deptała","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.159587","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.159587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the inflammatory status of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) prior to the initiation of the first course of chemotherapy and to ascertain the most precise systemic inflammation index for predicting overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A single-centre retrospective analysis involving 310 pa- tients with PC was conducted. Blood samples were collected from patients during chemotherapy qualification, either on the first day of chemotherapy or the day before the first chemotherapy dose. The following inflammatory indices were calculated: systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, and inflammatory benchmark index (IBI). Statistical analyses were performed utilizing appropriate tests (e.g., the log-rank test).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All parameters were significant predictors of mortality; however, their area under the curve indicated only a moderate ability to differentiate mortality risk. Among the indices analysed, IBI was the sole metric that predicted OS in adjuvant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and palliative (<i>p</i> < 0.001) cohorts, alongside disease-free survival (<i>p</i> < 0.04) and progression-free survival (<i>p</i> < 0.009). In the multivariate analysis, only IBI was proven to be statistically associated with OS (<i>p</i> < 0.043). Furthermore, IBI well stratified the tumour stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All analysed indices related to inflammation and immune response may function as prognostic markers; however, additional studies are required to determine their precise cut-off value. In our investigation, IBI exhibited a distinctive protective effect, culminating in a 65% reduction in mortality, thereby underscoring the importance of C-reactive protein in patient stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"68-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retracted: Evaluation of morphology and angiogenesis of breast cancer in BALB/c mice using trypsin inhibitor from <i>Cucumis melo</i> seeds. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> study.","authors":"Shahla Rezaei, Negar Azarpira, Farhad Koohpeyma, Reza Yousefi, Saeid Doaei, Mojdeh Heidari, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Mohammad Reza Haghshenas, Zohreh Mazloom","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.159961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2026.159961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.5114/wo.2022.120700.].</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147845182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 status discordance between primary breast tumours and lymph node metastases is associated with peripheral blood circulating tumour cell burden.","authors":"Marcin Braun, Jakub Czerwiński, Julia Richert, Julia Sołek, Dominik Paprocki, Tomasz Labuk, Michał Maj, Cecilia Analia Panek, Dominika Piasecka, Joanna Zofia Chrobak-Bień, Dariusz Nejc, Agnieszka Wanda Piastowska-Ciesielska, Radzisław Kordek, Natalia Bednarz-Knoll, Rafal Sadej, Hanna Romanska","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.163812","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.163812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signalling is implicated in breast cancer (BC) progression, but little is known about FGFR status as the disease develops. We evaluated FGFR1-4 expression changes in primary tumours (PT) and matched lymph node metastases (LNM) in the context of BC phenotype and circulating tumour cell (CTC) burden.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-4, oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67 were assessed immunohistochemically in paired PT and LNM. Circulating tumour cells were quantified by imaging flow cytometry in 67 BC patients and correlated with BC phenotype and FGFR status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Switch of the BC subtype between PT and LNM was observed in 3/23 cases (13.0%). In contrast, discordance in FGFR expression occurred in 11/22 (50.0%), 5/22 (22.7%), 12/22 (54.5%), and 5/21 (23.8%) cases for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4, respectively; in most discordant cases, the difference reflected increased expression in LNM. Circulating tumour cells were detected in 22/67 patients (32.8%), with a median burden of 5.7 CTCs per 1 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (interquartile ranges: 3.0-17.8). Circulating tumour cell presence was not associated with lymph node (LN) status (<i>p</i> = 0.806). Circulating tumour cell presence was more frequent in cases with FGFR1 discordance than in FGFR1-concordant tumours (63.6% vs. 9.1%; <i>p</i> = 0.024). Circulating tumour cell burden correlated inversely with FGFR1 level in LNM (Spearman's ρ = -0.49, <i>p</i> = 0.021). A shift in the FGFR1 status was noted exclusively in HER2-negative tumours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The observed association between CTCs and FGFR1 status conversion, but not LN involvement in the context of disease progression, may reflect a previously unrecognised biological feature of FGFR1- positive cells, most likely restricted to HER2-negative breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 2","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum lactate dehydrogenase and vascular endothelial growth factor A level as a predictor of treatment response in locally advanced-stage World Health Organisation type 3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","authors":"Mochammad Alfian Sulaksana, Abdul Qadar Punagi, Nova Audrey L Pieters, Hamsu Kadriyan","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.163811","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.163811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the association of baseline serum vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels with subsequent response to sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A prospective nested case-control study using consecutive sampling with an outcome-based quota cap was conducted involving patients with World Health Organisation type 3 NPC, stage III-IVA. Patients were treated with three cycles of taxane-cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed sequentially by definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Serum VEGF-A and total LDH levels were measured prior to therapy using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment response was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 criteria at a fixed time point of 8 weeks after the completion of all planned treatment, and categorised as positive (complete or partial response) or negative (stable or progressive disease). Statistical analyses including bivariate testing, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 patients were analysed. In univariate binary logistic regression assessments, high exploratory baseline serum VEGF-A (≥ 128.525 ng/l; <i>p</i> = 0.011) and LDH (≥ 66.485 U/l; <i>p</i> = 0.009) levels were significantly associated with subsequent negative treatment response. In a pre-specified multivariable model adjusted for age and VEGF-A, an elevated baseline total LDH level remained a significant independent predictor of treatment non-responsiveness (adjusted OR = 4.68; 95% CI: 1.46-15.00; <i>p</i> = 0.009), whereas VEGF-A lost statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.257).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated baseline serum VEGF-A and LDH protein levels are associated with non-responsiveness to sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in LA-NPC. Pre-treatment total LDH acts as a significant, independent exploratory indicator of treatment non-responsiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 2","pages":"126-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reirradiation and teclistamab in relapsed multiple myeloma: initial experience in two heavily pretreated patients with extensive disease.","authors":"Carsten Nieder, Siri U Hansen, Terje S Solhaug, Randi F Hallstensen","doi":"10.5114/wo.2026.162045","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2026.162045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article is aimed to report our initial experience with the bispecific T-cell engager teclistamab administered with concomitant radiotherapy, including reirradiation, in two patients with widespread multiple myeloma, including hepatic and meningeal relapse, respectively. This is a retrospective patient record assessment at a single institution. Both patients had previously received several lines of systemic therapy and radiotherapy to multiple target volumes, resulting in a considerable cumulative bone marrow dose when completing their recent courses in 2025. The Patient 1 started current radiotherapy with already compromised blood cell counts, while the Patient 2 had preserved values, except for lymphocytes. Both patients rapidly developed grade 4 haematological toxicity (white blood cells and platelets) but recovered within few weeks. Radiotherapy did not cause other acute toxicity greater than grade 2. Given the serious haematological toxicity observed in our patients, hospitalization and close monitoring by a dedicated team of experienced haematologists may become necessary in complex settings like those described here. Their expertise might also be required to manage cytokine release syndrome and potentially life-threatening neutropenic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"30 2","pages":"177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148914070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}