Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Colorectal cancer radiotherapy utilization rate in a low-middle income country - a multicenter study in Indonesia.","authors":"Vito Filbert Jayalie, Gregorius Ben Prajogi, Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata, Handoko, Soehartati Gondhowiardjo","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.149236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.149236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the rising application of radiotherapy for cancer in Indonesia, no known radiotherapy utilization rate (RUR) figure has been produced for colon and rectal cancer in Indonesia. This study aims to depict the actual and optimal RUR for colon and rectal cancer in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Secondary data was obtained from hospitals providing radiotherapy services in Indonesia, and descriptive analysis was conducted in April-September 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Actual RUR (aRUR) of colon cancer was 5.3%, yet the calculated optimal RUR (oRUR) was 3.3% (3-3.7%) with an unmet need percentage of -60.6% [-76.7-(-43.2)%]. Actual RUR of rectal cancer in Indonesia was 19.5%, while calculated oRUR was 41% (28-66%) with an unmet need percentage of 52.4% (30.4-70.5%). In combination, 26.21% and 14.9% were the final calculation of colorectal cancer oRUR and aRUR, resulting in 45.5% (21.4-65.6%) unmet need. A substantial difference was also observed when sensitivity analysis was incorporated, with the percentage of unmet needs for colon and rectal cancer ranging from -76.7 to 86.5% and 2.2-94.2%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a gap between aRUR and oRUR of colorectal cancer. Although oRUR of colon cancer seems to have been met, a significant gap persisted between oRUR and aRUR in rectal cancer. However, when sensitivity analysis was incorporated, notable disparity persisted for both colon and rectal cancer. Patient, clinician, and bureaucratic factors should be considered in increasing the RUR of colon and rectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating tumor DNA - from biology to potential clinical applications in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.","authors":"Krzysztof Lewandowski, Kinga Gwóźdź-Bąk","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.150452","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.150452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the last 20 years, significant progress has been made in understanding the biology of cancer cells. Assessment of the molecular profile of neoplastic cells collected by tissue biopsy using next-generation sequencing techniques makes it possible to diagnose the specific diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtype and to personalize the therapy applied through the rational use of molecularly targeted drugs. Similar to the other methods of biopsy material evaluation, this method has some limitations. It may fail in cases when tissue biopsies do not fully capture intratumor genetic heterogeneity. For this reason, research has been undertaken to find new laboratory methods to study the genetic heterogeneity of cancer cells and to characterize all lymphoma cells at once, regardless of the origin of the tumor cells and the stage of its transformation. One promising diagnostic approach is the evaluation of total free circulating DNA, including circulating tumor DNA, using molecular biology techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 2","pages":"150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-fetoprotein as a prognostic factor in alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma - integration into post-resection prognostic nomograms.","authors":"Shinichi Ikuta, Tsukasa Aihara, Takayoshi Nakajima, Naoki Yamanaka","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.149087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.149087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to validate the prognostic value of alpha- fetoprotein (AFP) in AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and develop an AFP-integrated nomogram for post-resection recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 453 HCC patients with preoperative AFP ≤ 20 ng/ml who underwent curative resection, divided into training (<i>n</i> = 317) and validation (<i>n</i> = 136) cohorts. The optimal AFP cutoff was determined using maximized χ² values. Nomograms were developed with repeated least absolute shrinkage and selection operator variable selection and stepwise Cox regression. Model performance was assessed using concordance (C-) indices, time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs), calibration plots, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An alpha-fetoprotein cutoff of 7 ng/ml stratified patients for both RFS and OS (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The recurrence-free survival nomogram included AFP, age, sex, multiple tumors, and cirrhosis, while the OS nomogram incorporated AFP, albumin-bilirubin score, the up-to-7 criterion, des-γ-carboxy prothrombin, vascular invasion, and histological grade. In the training cohort, the nomograms demonstrated C-indices of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.60-0.68) for RFS and 0.72 (0.67-0.76) for OS. Validation cohort C-indices were 0.64 (0.62-0.65) for RFS and 0.67 (0.65-0.68) for OS. Time-dependent AUCs and calibration plots confirmed the predictive accuracy of the nomograms, and KM curves showed clear separation between high- and low-risk groups, further highlighting their clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Alpha-fetoprotein retains prognostic value even within the clinically normal range for HCC. The AFP-integrated post-resection nomograms demonstrated acceptable predictive performance for AFP-negative patients, potentially enhancing personalized management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells and promotes their apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.","authors":"Liang He, Dingji Tan, Rui Zhu, Jinglin Zhao, Hongli Yin, Ming Duan, Xin Li, Wen Fan, Zhiqin Yang, Xin Wang, Hongying Yang","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.148642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.148642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Existing treatments for cervical cancer have side effects on the human body. Some lactobacilli inhibit tumour progression in a strain-specific manner without toxic side effects.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We explored whether <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH isolated from the vagina has anti-cervical cancer effects by performing Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, flow cytometry, JC-1 staining, and western blotting. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to determine the possible mechanism. Xenograft tumour model mice that were orally administered <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH were used to validate the anticancer effects <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed that <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH downregulated the expression of cyclin E1 and CDK2, resulting in cell cycle arrest at S phase and inhibition of HeLa cell proliferation. In addition, HeLa cells treated with <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH significantly promoted the cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-8, and increased the expression of Bax. Also, the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, which induced apoptosis of HeLa cells. Most of the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating that <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH might exert its anticancer effects through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Most importantly, we found that the tumour volume of mice was significantly smaller than control group after orally administered <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH, and biochemical results showed that <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH had no toxic side effects on the liver or kidney, suggesting that <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH has anti-cervical cancer effects <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed the anti-cervical cancer effects of <i>Lactobacillus brevis</i> YNH, providing a new candidate bioactive substance for the treatment of cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"55-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nivolumab resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients and future perspectives.","authors":"Karolina Buchajska, Anna Mydlak, Jakub Zwoliński, Kinga Wojtaszczyk, Bartosz Spławski","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.149237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.149237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck cancer (HNC) cases are increasing globally, with resistance to immunotherapies such as nivolumab posing a significant challenge. This systematic review examines the mechanisms of nivolumab resistance in HNC, with a focus on intrinsic tumor factors, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and immune checkpoint dysregulation. Intrinsic mechanisms, such as mutations that impair antigen presentation and <i>MYC</i> amplification, reshape the TME to promote immune evasion. The tumor microenvironment, enriched with immunosuppressive cells such as tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, further compromises nivolumab's effectiveness. Moreover, cancer cells exploit immune checkpoints, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3, and LAG-3, to evade immune surveillance. Identifying predictive biomarkers, such as <i>MYC</i> amplification and PD-L1 expression, is essential for developing personalized treatments. This review underscores the complex nature of nivolumab resistance and the urgent need for comprehensive therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in HNC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of tumor-associated macrophages and PD-1/PD-L1 networking in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Melina Yerolatsite, Nanteznta Torounidou, Anna-Lea Amylidi, George Zarkavelis, Loizos Hadjigeorgiou, Evangeli Lampri, Christina Bali, Vaia Georvasili, Eleftherios Kampletsas, Davide Mauri","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.150448","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.150448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite improvements in cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and therapeutic options, metastatic CRC (mCRC) remains a major challenge, with a significantly lower 5-year survival rate compared to localized CRC. The heterogeneity of CRC, both localized and metastatic, necessitates a thorough molecular characterization to guide treatment strategies. A significant aspect of CRC progression involves the tumor microenvironment, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are abundant and exhibit high plasticity. Tumor-associated macrophages, especially those polarized into the M2 phenotype, support various aspects of tumor progression, including angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. The PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis, overexpres-sed in M2 TAMs, contributes to immune suppression, facilitating tumor growth. While some studies suggest that TAMs may have a positive role in CRC prognosis, others associate TAM infiltration with poor outcomes, particularly in metastatic disease. The relationship between TAMs and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CRC is still not fully understood, though emerging data highlight their potential to shape the immune resistance environment. Further research is needed to clarify the role of TAMs and the PD-1/PD-L1 network in CRC progression and to develop more effective immunotherapies targeting these pathways. This review systematically explores the current literature on TAMs and their interaction with the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CRC, emphasizing the need for continued investigation to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 2","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in <i>HMGB1, ROS1, FGFR1, FGFR2, IL6</i>, and <i>TLR4</i> are associated with worse survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Victor C Kok, Chien-Kuan Lee, Ming-Chih Wang, Yen-Te Lu","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.149138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.149138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the impact of alterations in six key genes (<i>HMGB1, ROS1, IL6, FGFR1, FGFR2</i>, and <i>TLR4</i>) on survival outcomes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). These genes are implicated in signaling pathways such as RTK-Ras, PI3K-Akt, TLR, and SHP2.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Genomic data from five datasets were merged to identify 437 ESCC patients, categorized into altered (<i>n</i> = 66, 15%) and unaltered (<i>n</i> = 371, 85%) groups. Gene expression was analyzed using the GSE53624 dataset, and survival outcomes were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. Hazard ratios (HR) were derived to quantify risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The altered group exhibited a significantly higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) and mutation count than the unaltered group (<i>p</i> < 1E-7). While disease-free survival analysis of 76 patients showed no significant difference, overall survival (OS) analysis of 288 patients demonstrated significantly worse survival in the altered group [median OS (95% CI): 18.63 months (18.17-28.13) vs. 40.93 months (28.42 - not reached); HR = 2.16 (1.33-3.52)]. Additionally, higher <i>HMGB1</i> expression was significantly associated with poorer survival (<i>p</i> < 0.008). Expression-treatment response correlation using the GSE45670 dataset showed that <i>HMGB1</i> expression in the pathological complete remission group was significantly higher than in the normal epithelium group, <i>p</i> = 0.016.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights that genomic alterations in these six genes are associated with poorer OS in ESCC, despite higher TMB potentially increasing tumor neo-antigens. These findings underscore the need for further research to explore their prognostic and therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perirectal spacers in radiotherapy for prostate cancer - a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Marcin Miszczyk, Rafał Stando, Giulio Francolini, Constantinos Zamboglou, Anna Cadenar, Agata Suleja, Tamás Fazekas, Akihiro Matsukawa, Ichiro Tsuboi, Mikołaj Przydacz, Michael S Leapman, Paweł Rajwa, Stéphane Supiot, Shahrokh F Shariat","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.148388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.148388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Perirectal spacers reduce the radiotherapy (RT) dose delivered to the rectum, but their impact on treatment toxicity remains debated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise emerging data (PROSPERO: CRD42024506380).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched through 2024/08/18 for prospective randomised (RCT) and non-randomised trials evaluating the clinical outcomes of perirectal spacing in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Random effects generalised linear mixed models were used to pool odds ratios (OR) for rectal adverse events (AEs) from RCTs. Non-randomised trials were summarised qualitatively. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three RCTs (<i>n</i> = 645) were identified. The rates of grade ≥ 2 (G ≥ 2) rectal AEs in control groups were low, ranging 4.2-13.8% for early AEs and 0-1.4% for late AEs. Perirectal spacers were associated with decreased incidence of early G ≥ 2 rectal AEs (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.19-0.96), but not of late G ≥ 2 rectal AEs (OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.02-2.91). Assuming a comparator risk of 7.1% and 1%, this corresponded to a number needed to treat of 26 patients to avoid one early AE, and 135 pa- tients to avoid one late G ≥ 2 AE, respectively. Randomised clinical trial were at moderate risk of bias due to concerns regarding the concealment of allocation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is evidence that perirectal spacers result in a small decrease in acute rectal toxicity. However, modern RT for clinically localised PCa is generally well-tolerated, and severe AEs are rare. Greater scrutiny of the risks and benefits associated with perirectal spacers is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":"36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction for: Molecular landscape of salivary gland malignancies. What is already known?","authors":"Julia Pikul, Anna Rzepakowska","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.151841","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.151841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.5114/wo.2024.144288.].</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 2","pages":"215-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of different solvent extracts from <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i> against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.","authors":"Sakeyna Mohammed, Laith B Alhusseini","doi":"10.5114/wo.2025.150477","DOIUrl":"10.5114/wo.2025.150477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Globally, resistance to antimicrobial drugs is a major hazard to public health. Infections that were once easily treatable with antibiotics are becoming harder to control, leading to prolonged illnesses, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs. This study aims to assess the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of different extracts obtained from <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i> (AHA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The antibacterial tests of AHA were performed on two gram-negative bacterial (<i>Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia</i>), and gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>). Initial screening for antibacterial activities was conducted using the well diffusion technique. The anticancer test was carried out <i>in vitro</i> on a human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7) using MTT assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all extracts, ethanol and <i>n</i>-hexane extract of AHA were the most effective against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> with the highest inhibition zone, 27 ±11 mm (mean ±SD) compared to standard antibiotics (ceftriaxone, 44 mm, nitrofurantoin 34 mm). The ethanol extract of AHA showed the highest antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, demonstrating the potential of infection treatment. Ethyl acetate extract has antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia</i>. The findings indicated that the ethanol extract of AHA exhibited the highest efficacy against MCF-7), with an IC₅₀ value of 546.75 ±16.00 µg/ml.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the ethanol extract of AHA could be considered as a potential agent to serve as a source of antibacterial and anticancer compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":49354,"journal":{"name":"Wspolczesna Onkologia-Contemporary Oncology","volume":"29 2","pages":"159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12224243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}