{"title":"Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species","authors":"Rafael N Carvalho, Adriano B Kury","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023","url":null,"abstract":"The gonyleptids are one of the most diverse groups of harvestmen, exhibiting a vast range of sizes, shapes and behaviors. However, its internal classification, earlier based on meristic characters, particularly in larger groups such as Pachylinae and Discocyrtus, has been called into question by new proposals that consider morphological and molecular synapomorphies. Here, we aspire to evaluate the transfer of seven species currently classified under Discocyrtus sensu lato and the monotypic genus Oliverius from Pachylinae to Neopachylinae. Additionally, we propose the inclusion of two new species in Neopachylinae. To test our hypothesis, we expand upon previous cladistic analyses using maximum parsimony and incorporate 40 terminals representing Gonyleptoidea, including all existing members of Neopachylinae, and 116 morphological characters. Our results confirm the hypothesis of monophyly of Neopachylinae after the inclusion of the new and transferred taxa. To provide a comprehensive assessment of the results, we update some diagnoses at the genus and species-level within Neopachylinae. Furthermore, to accommodate the taxonomic changes resulting from this study, we propose 1) the establishment of two new genera, 2) the reassignment of five taxa at the generic level, and 3) the establishment of two new junior subjective synonymies at the species level.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Osteology of the derived Therizinosaur Nothronychus with evidence for convergence in dinosaurian evolution","authors":"David K Smith, David D Gillette","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad148","url":null,"abstract":"Therizinosaurs were a taxon of unusual theropods from North America and Asia. The derived therizinosaur Nothronychus graffami possessed a synsacrum and hip convergent with extant birds. The osteology is figured and described in detail supplemented with material from Nothronychus mckinleyi. Both species exhibit traits convergent with extant birds, ornithischian dinosaurs, and titanosaurs. As preserved, the ilia and sacrum are minimally distorted and apomorphically modified into a synsacrum. The pubes are modified into a mesopubic condition, wherein the pubes are partially retroverted. The femoral shaft has an oval cross-section. As these characters are absent from the basal therizinosaur Falcarius utahensis, they evolved more than once within the maniraptoran lineage. An herbivorous ecology is supported. Both specimens were skeletally mature, based on fusion of the neural spines and scapulocoracoid.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140321865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Galina N Chelomina, Ilya G Meschersky, Helen Gajduchenko, Yuri M Borisov
{"title":"Phylogeography of Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae (Rodentia: Muridae): an update","authors":"Galina N Chelomina, Ilya G Meschersky, Helen Gajduchenko, Yuri M Borisov","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae016","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand the evolutionary and demographic histories of the Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae we examined mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome b gene sequences of 200 specimens from 65 localities in China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia. The phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses revealed three major groups of haplotypes: “Chinese” (C), “Korean” (K) and “Russian” (R). C includes only the samples from southern and central China, K combines all samples from Korean Peninsula and some samples from Siberia, and R comprises all samples from Russian Far East, Japan, and most samples from Siberia. Both R and K also include the samples from Northern China and Mongolia. Coalescent-based approaches suggest a link between separation of these groups and intensive Kung-Huang Pleistocene uplift event of the Tibetan Plateau. The rapid expansion events in R are associated with marine isotope stages (MIS) 3 and 4, and in K with MIS 6; no sings of rapid expansion were found in C. The widespread settlement of the northeast occurred in two waves, close in time: 1) to Northern China and Korean Peninsula, and then 2) to most of Siberia, the Russian Far East and Japan; parts of Siberia, Mongolia and northern China were colonized twice.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new amphibamiform from the Early Permian of Texas elucidates patterns of cranial diversity among terrestrial amphibamiforms","authors":"Calvin So, Jason D Pardo, Arjan Mann","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae012","url":null,"abstract":"Amphibamiform temnospondyls are at the forefront of discourse surrounding modern amphibian evolutionary origins. Here we present a new amphibamiform, Kermitops gratus gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Clear Fork Formation of the Early Permian of Texas. Kermitops reveals a mosaic of features shared with other amphibamiforms and possesses unique characteristics, including an internarial fontanelle formed by the premaxillae without contribution of the nasals. It possibly possesses a basioccipital that contributes to the occipital condyle, which has significant implications for recent hypotheses of the evolution of the modern amphibian neurocranium. Parsimony analyses recover non-traditional amphibamiform relationships but place Kermitops within Amphibamiformes. Bayesian inference analysis captures a more traditional hypothesis of amphibamiform relationships; however, the time-calibrated analysis under the fossilized birth–death model recovers a topology that mirrors the parsimony topologies. The low robusticity of topologies across different permutations employing traditional and modern methods suggest a need for improvement of current morphological datasets of lissamphibian origins. A morphometric analysis of the crania of terrestrial amphibamiforms reveals the evolution of disparate cranial morphologies among coeval taxa from the Early Permian of Texas.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reassessment of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941 (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Early Jurassic Lufeng Basin, Yunnan Province, China","authors":"Ya-Ming Wang, Qi Zhao, Hai-Lu You","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae032","url":null,"abstract":"The Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation of Yunnan Province, southwestern China, has yielded a rich assemblage of early-branching sauropodomorphs. The syntype series of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941, represented by two skeletons from the Shawan Member of this formation, was the second-earliest named taxon after Lufengosaurus huenei Young, 1941. However, its taxonomic status has been debated ever since, owing to the invalidity of the genus ‘Gyposaurus’. Here, we provide a detailed redescription of the remaining syntype specimens of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis, including V26 and V27, which comprise almost complete postcranial skeletons. Both the unfused vertebrae and the osteohistology of the syntype specimens suggest that they are immature individuals. The morphology of the skeletons, especially that of the scapula, humerus, ilium, and femur of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis, is more similar to that of Lufengosaurus huenei than to that of other non-sauropodan sauropodomorphs. A phylogenetic analysis, in which ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis and Lufengosaurus huenei were included as separate terminal taxa, recovered ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis as part of a polytomy with Lufengosaurus huenei and Glacialisaurus, also indicating a close relationship between these taxa. Therefore, we suggest that ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis is probably referable to a junior synonym of Lufengosaurus huenei.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aurore Canoville, Jean-Patrice Robin, Vivian de Buffrénil
{"title":"Ontogenetic development of limb bone microstructure in the king penguin, Aptenodytes patagonicus (Miller, 1778), with considerations for palaeoecological inferences in Sphenisciformes","authors":"Aurore Canoville, Jean-Patrice Robin, Vivian de Buffrénil","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae002","url":null,"abstract":"Birds have colonized various habitats during their evolutionary history, including the aquatic environment. Several studies have investigated the gross morphological changes of the avian skeleton in response to increasing swimming capabilities, but few have documented in detail the microstructural specializations associated with this process. Bone microstructure is nevertheless often used to reconstruct the ecology of extinct aquatic birds, although this relationship is incompletely understood in modern forms, especially for the extent of intra-specific variability related, or not, to age. In an attempt to fill this gap, we investigated the change in limb bone microstructure from hatching to adulthood in 34 Aptenodytes patagonicus specimens. Our results reveal substantial intraspecific variability, regardless of the ontogenetic stage considered. Although most skeletal growth is achieved in the first few months after hatching, limb bone microstructure undergoes important maturation throughout ontogeny until fledging, which occurs in 1-year-old chicks. Architecture and compactness in hindlimb bones mature earlier than in forelimb bones, reflecting the time offset in the use of musculoskeletal elements involved in terrestrial locomotion in chicks (hindlimbs) and sub-aquatic locomotion in adults (forelimbs). These observations allow critical reassessment of previous palaeoecological reconstructions in extinct Sphenisciformes and set a good comparative framework for rigorous inferences.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander L Vereshchaka, Alexander V Shatravin, Dmitry N Kulagin, Anastasiia A Lunina
{"title":"A new approach allows morphological recognition of cryptic diversity of the krill genus Hansarsia (formerly Nematoscelis)","authors":"Alexander L Vereshchaka, Alexander V Shatravin, Dmitry N Kulagin, Anastasiia A Lunina","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae031","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptic and pseudocryptic species are found on all major branches of the tree of life and probably represent a significant portion of undiscovered biodiversity, yet their identification is currently possible solely on the basis of molecular analyses. Here, we tested an alternative approach and hypothesized that all genetic clades might be identified on a morphological basis, and we analysed the morphology of nine previously detected genetic clades of Hansarsia. We made 169 sets of measurements (12 quantitative characters for each), ran multinomial logistic regression models, and showed a high ability of these models to generalize (i.e. to be able to classify correctly new specimens not included in our data matrix). The five to seven most ‘powerful’ characters provided a significant detection rate; these characters were shown to represent distinct evolutionary traits. Our findings cast some doubt on the presence of the ‘merely’ cryptic species; instead, we suggest that any genetic divergence found via traditional genetic markers is also mirrored in morphological divergence and can be detected using a combination of quantitative characters and appropriate mathematical tools. We provide a script key to genetic clades of the Atlantic Hansarsia based solely on morphological measurements and encourage other researchers to use quantitative morphological characters for detection of cryptic clades in other taxa.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Miocene caddisflies from Australia: iron-rich sediments preserve internal organs, tracheoles, and corneal nanocoating of larvae and pupae","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometric morphometrics of silky pocket mice (Perognathus: Perognathinae: Rodentia) crania reveals new insights into their variation, evolution, and taxonomy","authors":"Bader H Alhajeri, Randa Alaqeely, Hasan Alhaddad","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae029","url":null,"abstract":"We used cranial geometric morphometric methods (GMM) to explore interspecific variation in Perognathus (silky pocket mice). We digitized 67 cranial landmarks on photographs of 305 adult voucher specimens (10 species and 33 subspecies, 121 localities). After summarizing variation patterns, we explored their association with biological, ecological, and climatic factors, and how (and why) shape evolved through time. Phenotypic clusters did not accord with phylogenetic clades, and we found instances of convergence, divergence, and increased rates of shape change. These are discussed in terms of shared selective pressures (e.g. habitat substrate and burrowing plus historic shifts in habitat/climate and desert adaptation). We also used variation patterns and phenetics to address ongoing taxonomic issues. While pocket mice are difficult to distinguish externally, GMM allowed us to precisely characterize interspecific cranial variation. Species significantly differed and could be classified based on their shape. We find P. alticola to be the most cranially distinct species and suggest raising the P. alticola + P. parvus (including P. mollipilosus) cluster/clade to subgenus status (=Cricetodipus). Cranial GMM found differences among taxa that seemed similar (i.e. cryptic) when previously explored using linear measurements (e.g. P. parvus vs. P. mollipilosus).","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A holistic perspective on species delimitation outperforms all methods based on single data types in freshwater gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae: Pseudamnicola)","authors":"Diana Delicado, Khadija Boulaassafer, Noureddine Khalloufi, Torsten Hauffe","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae010","url":null,"abstract":"Freshwater gastropods are one of the most species-rich and severely threatened animal groups in continental aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, understanding their species diversity, which is key to conservation, is often hampered by their small size, simple morphology, and restricted distribution. This is particularly the case for spring snails of the genus Pseudamnicola (family Hydrobiidae), a species-rich taxon across the Mediterranean region. Contrasting species diversities derived from molecular phylogenies and traditional taxonomy call for a holistic approach, in which molecular markers are used to identify putative taxonomic units that can then be validated morphologically. We integrated DNA sequence and morphometric data from 92 populations into a species delimitation framework to assess the taxonomic status of 25 nominal and 14 informally recognized species of Pseudamnicola across its geographical range. Although seven discovery methods delimited a varying number of putative species, taking an integrative approach generally improved species support over single datasets. The statistically favoured integrative scheme corroborated 30 of the 39 initial species as separate entities, whereas nine require taxonomic re-evaluation. Six species are described here formally. Pseudamnicola exemplifies the importance of considering multiple lines of evidence to evaluate species diversity in taxonomically complex groups, with newly developed approaches providing the needed toolbox.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140043455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}