Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society最新文献

The first pachycephalosaurid from the Late Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation: effects of the Western Interior Seaway on North American pachycephalosaurid evolution 晚白垩世两药组首头肿头龙：西部内陆航道对北美肿头龙进化的影响

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf087

D Cary Woodruff, John R Horner, Mark B Goodwin, David C Evans

{"title":"The first pachycephalosaurid from the Late Cretaceous Two Medicine Formation: effects of the Western Interior Seaway on North American pachycephalosaurid evolution","authors":"D Cary Woodruff, John R Horner, Mark B Goodwin, David C Evans","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf087","url":null,"abstract":"During the latest Cretaceous, western North America experienced several regressive and transgressive cycles of the Western Interior Seaway (WIS). Closely related, time-successive taxa of tyrannosaurids, ceratopsids, hadrosaurids, and pachycephalosaurids have been proposed to have evolved via anagenesis driven by habitat area fluctuations related to sea level change. Previous examinations into these anagenetic hypotheses have resulted in equivocal results. However, evolution related to this WIS hypothesis has yet to be tested for Pachycephalosauria. Originally, it was hypothesized that an undescribed taxon from the Two Medicine Formation constituted an anagenetic intermediate between the Campanian Stegoceras validum and the Maastrichtian Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis. Here we describe this Two Medicine Formation pachycephalosaurid and test the proposed anagenetic lineage. This taxon is the first pachycephalosaurid from the Two Medicine Formation, and the massive frontoparietal dome indicates that it was the third largest North American pachycephalosaurid. Phylogenetic analyses recover this new taxon distant from both Stegoceras and Pachycephalosaurus; thus, refuting the hypothesis that this taxon constitutes any part of an ancestor–descent series between Stegoceras and Pachycephalosaurus. However, the new taxon not only increases understanding of pachycephalosaurid morphology and diversity, but shows that this clade contained relatively large body-sized taxa as early as the Middle Campanian.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights into the phylogeny and morphometry of ring nematodes of the subfamily Discocriconemellinae (Nematoda: Criconematidae): Xenocriconemella and Discocriconemella 环线虫亚科（线虫纲：环线虫科）：异环线虫和环线虫的系统发育和形态形态学新认识

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf111

Walter Peraza-Padilla, Roy Artavia-Carmona, Jefferson Aráuz-Badilla, Gracia Liébanas, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Rosana Salazar-García, Ana García-Velazquez, Juan E Palomares-Rius, Pablo Castillo, Antonio Archidona-Yuste

{"title":"New insights into the phylogeny and morphometry of ring nematodes of the subfamily Discocriconemellinae (Nematoda: Criconematidae): Xenocriconemella and Discocriconemella","authors":"Walter Peraza-Padilla, Roy Artavia-Carmona, Jefferson Aráuz-Badilla, Gracia Liébanas, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Rosana Salazar-García, Ana García-Velazquez, Juan E Palomares-Rius, Pablo Castillo, Antonio Archidona-Yuste","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf111","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we determine the relevance of applying integrative taxonomic approaches for disentangling the underestimation and real nematode biodiversity of Discocriconemellinae (genera Xenocriconemella and Discocriconemella). Our work suggests a new methodology for studying the species boundaries of cryptic species complexes in soil nematodes, by partitioning the morphological variability into body size and body shape variation components. This methodology is applied to delimit species within cryptic species complexes, such as the Xenocriconemella macrodora complex (including Xenocriconemella tica sp. nov.) and a new species complex in the genus Discocriconemella (including two new species, Discocriconemella costaricense sp. nov. and the morphologically analogous Discocriconemella cryptocostaricense sp. nov.) found in a nematode survey carried out in natural forests in Costa Rica. This revealed that consistently, both X. macrodora and D. costaricense species complexes showed heterogeneity only in shape and not in size. Phylogenetic congruence of these species groups was well supported in the phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal and mitochondrial markers. The genus Xenocriconemella was almost the only one that formed a monophyletic lineage within Criconematidae in ribosomal and mitochondrial phylogenetic trees. However, the genus Discocriconemella, including the two new species, formed a paraphyletic distribution between clades of species of this genus with independent lineages, confirming previous studies.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular phylogeny and body size-related convergent evolution of nesting behaviour in small dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) 小蜣螂筑巢行为的分子系统发育及体型相关趋同进化（鞘翅目：金龟子科：金龟子科）

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf125

Changseob Lim, Ji Hyoun Kang, Yeon Jae Bae

{"title":"Molecular phylogeny and body size-related convergent evolution of nesting behaviour in small dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)","authors":"Changseob Lim, Ji Hyoun Kang, Yeon Jae Bae","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf125","url":null,"abstract":"Aphodiini Leach comprises approximately 2,200 species. This great diversity is thought to derive from their specialization in feeding on a wide variety of detritus, particularly mammal dung. Despite their diversity and ecological role as decomposers, the evolutionary processes and ecological traits in this group are still largely unknown. Therefore, the present study aims to reconstruct the first molecular phylogeny of the Aphodiinae group and to explore the evolutionary history of nesting behaviours within the coprophagous tribe Aphodiini, utilizing a comprehensive multi-gene dataset (COI, 16S, 28S, and 18S) with ecological data. Our analyses recovered the monophyly of the Aphodiinae group, while revealing paraphyly in Psammodiini, and polyphyly in Aphodiini and Eupariini. The phylogenetic position of Aphodiini suggests that this largely coprophagous lineage derived from broad detritivore lineages. Ancestral state reconstruction of nesting behaviour revealed that the stem group of Aphodiini was predominantly non-nesting, with other nesting behaviours evolving independently at the generic or species’ levels. Notably, larger-bodied taxa have evolved a paracoprid strategy that appears to confer advantages in both inter- and intraspecific resource competition at dung pats. In contrast, small body size does not associate with kleptocoprid behaviour, but this behaviour might be more variable depending on environmental conditions. Our results offer new insights into the evolutionary history of small dung beetles, particularly highlighting the body size-related convergent evolution of nesting behaviour in coprophagous Aphodiini.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity in an ancient lake: taxonomic and phylogenetic insights from eight new freshwater snail species (Triculinae: Pomatiopsidae) of Lake Fuxian, Southwest China 抚仙湖古湖的多样性：8个淡水蜗牛新种的分类和系统发育研究(Triculinae: Pomatiopsidae

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf130

Hui Chen, Le-Jia Zhang, Yue-Ming He, Hong-Quan Xiang, Yi-Zhi Lu, Chong-Ye Li, Yu-Tong Yao, Han Gao, Xiao-Chen Huang, Xiao-Ping Wu

{"title":"Diversity in an ancient lake: taxonomic and phylogenetic insights from eight new freshwater snail species (Triculinae: Pomatiopsidae) of Lake Fuxian, Southwest China","authors":"Hui Chen, Le-Jia Zhang, Yue-Ming He, Hong-Quan Xiang, Yi-Zhi Lu, Chong-Ye Li, Yu-Tong Yao, Han Gao, Xiao-Chen Huang, Xiao-Ping Wu","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf130","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Fuxian, an ancient lake in Yunnan Province, Southwest China, harbours many endemic species, yet its biodiversity remains poorly characterized. Through comprehensive surveys of freshwater snails along its shores, we documented remarkable biodiversity within the subfamily Triculinae. In this study, we describe eight new species, including four new species of the genus Kunmingia and four new species representing a new genus, Farshore He, Chen, Xiang and Zhang gen. nov. Phylogenetic analyses of partial mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S ribosomal DNA) and nuclear markers (18S and 28S ribosomal DNA) provided robust genetic evidence supporting the distinctiveness of these newly described taxa. The time-calibrated phylogeny of the endemic freshwater snails shows that Kunmingia clade and Farshore clade diverged in the late Miocene, suggesting that the geological history of Lake Fuxian might be older than previously estimated. These findings highlight the importance of Lake Fuxian as a hotspot of freshwater snail diversity and a unique system for studying evolutionary processes in ancient lakes.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of a new species of giant flying squirrel (Petaurista) from northwest Yunnan, China, sheds light on the origin and diversification of the genus 中国云南西北部巨型鼯鼠（Petaurista）一新种的发现，揭示了该属的起源和多样化

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf106

Quan Li, Stephen M Jackson, Xueyou Li, Wenyu Song, Zhongzheng Chen, Zhongxu Zhu, Zhechang Hu, Shuiwang He, Hongjiao Wang, Kang Luo, Jing Luo, Mingjin Pu, Changzhe Pu, Yun Xiong, Sanfu Li, Shaoying Liu, Xuelong Jiang

{"title":"Discovery of a new species of giant flying squirrel (Petaurista) from northwest Yunnan, China, sheds light on the origin and diversification of the genus","authors":"Quan Li, Stephen M Jackson, Xueyou Li, Wenyu Song, Zhongzheng Chen, Zhongxu Zhu, Zhechang Hu, Shuiwang He, Hongjiao Wang, Kang Luo, Jing Luo, Mingjin Pu, Changzhe Pu, Yun Xiong, Sanfu Li, Shaoying Liu, Xuelong Jiang","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf106","url":null,"abstract":"Petaurista is the largest and most taxonomically complex genus of extant flying squirrels and occurs in forests of Asia. Eight Petaurista specimens collected from both sides of the Nu (Salween) River in northwest Yunnan Province, China, did not match the diagnosis of any currently known species. We undertook a comprehensive morphological and genetic comparison between these specimens and other Petaurista species. Our results suggest that: (i) the northwest Yunnan specimens represent a new species that has been named Petaurista nujiangensis sp. nov.; (ii) magnificus, sybilla, and yunanensis and mishmiensis should be recognized as subspecies of Petaurista albiventer, Petaurista marica, and Petaurista nobilis, respectively; (iii) mechukaensis and muzongensis should be synonymized with Petaurista nobilis mishmiensis; (iv) there are 14 species within the genus Petaurista; and (v) Petauria is a distinct fossil genus, not related to Petaurista, and includes helleri and tetyukhensis. The estimated time of divergence and inferred ancestral distribution suggest that Petaurista originated in the Hengduan Mountains in the Miocene and underwent early diversification in situ. It subsequently spread to the Himalayas, Southeast Asia, and East Asia during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene. Climate change and fluctuating sea levels during the Pliocene and Pleistocene then led to subspecies differentiation.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Dorcadionini monophyletic? First phylogeny of the genus Eodorcadion reveals startling relationships in Central Asian flightless lamiines (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Dorcadionini是单系的吗？首次系统发育揭示了中亚无飞行动物群的惊人关系（鞘翅目：天牛科）

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf114

Lech Karpiński, Patrick Gorring, Anthony I Cognato

{"title":"Is Dorcadionini monophyletic? First phylogeny of the genus Eodorcadion reveals startling relationships in Central Asian flightless lamiines (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)","authors":"Lech Karpiński, Patrick Gorring, Anthony I Cognato","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf114","url":null,"abstract":"The flightless tribe Dorcadionini is one of the most species-rich and taxonomically challenging groups in the family Cerambycidae. Eodorcadion is one of five genera included in Dorcadionini, and one of three distributed in Central Asia. The current classification of the genus is based on taxonomic works pre-dating the application of cladistic methods. We used molecular data from one mitochondrial and three nuclear markers (COI, CAD, ITS2, and Histone 3) for 70 specimens in 23 species and subspecies, representing all subgenera and most species groups of Eodorcadion to build its first phylogeny. By including some taxa of Central Asian Dorcadion and Lamia textor (type genus of Lamiini and Lamiinae), we assessed the monophyly of the tribe. The results of our analyses are the first to fully support the synonymy of Dorcadionini with Lamiini and confirm the morphology-inferred monophyly of Eodorcadion. Consequently, Lamiini = Dorcadionini syn. nov. Moreover, based on the obtained phylogeny and morphological differences, we diagnosed and subsequently described two new subgenera of Eodorcadion: Altaidorcadion Karpiński subgen. nov. and Arenodorcadion Karpiński subgen. nov., while the currently recognized subgenus Humerodorcadion stat. nov. was elevated to the genus rank. Our phylogeny is remarkably consistent with results previously obtained by other authors that used endophallic morphology.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution of novel mouthpart interlocking mechanisms in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) 蚂蚁口器联锁机制的进化（膜翅目：蚁科）

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf113

Adrian Richter, Roberto A Keller, Francisco Hita Garcia, Thomas van de Kamp, Evan P Economo

{"title":"The evolution of novel mouthpart interlocking mechanisms in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"Adrian Richter, Roberto A Keller, Francisco Hita Garcia, Thomas van de Kamp, Evan P Economo","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf113","url":null,"abstract":"Ant lifestyles centre around the unique combination of eusociality, flightless workers, and often predatory habits. No morphological innovations in ants are known to relate to predation. Here, we explore an understudied ant novelty: the ability to close off their mouth. Ants lock their labrum in front of the maxillolabial complex through part of the maxilla pressing against labral hooks. Grooves on the maxillolabial complex additionally allow tighter labral fit in some groups. Variations in both mechanisms lead to different levels of mouthpart closure, with an evolutionary trend to switch from looser to tighter conditions across ants. We find predation to predict tight closure, but models of character evolution indicate that evolutionary dependence between these traits is not the only possible explanation for this pattern. Although tight interlocking is lost in some ants, we find no clear evidence for trade-offs with other functions, such as sensing with the palps. We discuss the origin of interlocking in ants and suggest that it might relate to a combination of predation, prognathous mouthparts, and multipurpose mandibles. We discuss the role of mouthpart closure in ant evolution but also highlight limitations of our comparative approach and emphasize the need for focused biomechanical investigations and enhanced natural history data to refine future inferences of adaptation.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ontogenetic dietary partitioning in a Triassic sauropterygian: implications from a new juvenile specimen of Brevicaudosaurus jiyangshanensis (Reptilia: Diapsida) 三叠纪龙的个体发育饮食分配：来自一个新的幼年标本的启示（爬行纲：双翅目）

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf126

Qiling Liu, Long Cheng, Thomas L Stubbs, Zichen Fang, Li Tian, Chunbo Yan, Michael J Benton

{"title":"Ontogenetic dietary partitioning in a Triassic sauropterygian: implications from a new juvenile specimen of Brevicaudosaurus jiyangshanensis (Reptilia: Diapsida)","authors":"Qiling Liu, Long Cheng, Thomas L Stubbs, Zichen Fang, Li Tian, Chunbo Yan, Michael J Benton","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf126","url":null,"abstract":"During the first 10 million years of the Triassic, sauropterygians diversified rapidly into a variety of marine predatory niches. Adults of the late Middle Triassic eosauropterygian Brevicaudosaurus jiyangshanensis from southern China exhibit fang-shaped premaxillary teeth that resemble those of some nothosaurids and are adapted for feeding on large prey. Here, we report a juvenile example of the species, about one-third the length of the adult. The new juvenile shares apomorphies of the adult, like the posteriorly constricted parietal table, broadened humeral mid-diaphysis and short tail. However, its juvenile status is confirmed by unfused contralateral neural arch halves and developing epiphyses of the humerus. The small, smooth, conical premaxillary teeth of the juvenile differ from the ornamented fangs of the adult. The differences in the tooth morphology between the juvenile and adult suggest that this is an example of ontogenetic dietary niche partitioning, a common strategy for reducing intraspecific competition.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovering the ancient language roots of zoological nomenclature 发现动物命名法的古代语言根源

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf118

Georgios Kazanidis

{"title":"Discovering the ancient language roots of zoological nomenclature","authors":"Georgios Kazanidis","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf118","url":null,"abstract":"Linnaeus’s Systema Naturae, which introduced the binominal nomenclature, is an unparalleled scientific achievement. Despite its global use over the past four centuries, the language roots of zoological taxa remain unknown. The lack of a standardized method for studying the etymology of scientific terms hinders a thorough understanding on the origin of zoological nomenclature. To address these gaps an interdisciplinary method bridging zoology, linguistics, and chronology of ancient texts has been established. All genera names in echinoderms, one of the most speciose animal phyla, were examined. Evidence highlights the leading contribution of the Greek language in zoological nomenclature. For the first time it is shown that zoological nomenclature is rooted in the 2nd millennium BC (Greek Linear B script) with one third of the elements being sourced in Ilias (the Iliad) and Odyssea (the Odyssey), the emblematic Greek epic poems dated in the 1st millennium BC. The study elucidates for first time the Greek 3400-year-old language roots of zoological nomenclature. Most language elements are sourced in poetic, philosophical, historic, and economic rather than biological texts unravelling the dispersal of language elements across remote human-knowledge fields for at least 3400 years. The established method is transferable serving much-needed interdisciplinary research on the language roots and evolution of modern scientific terminology.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the functional morphology of mandibular tusks in burrowing mayfly larvae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): analysis using micro-computed tomography and 3D morphometrics 穴居蜉蝣幼虫下颌象牙的功能形态研究：微计算机断层扫描和三维形态测量学分析

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf122

Alfredo Mayorga, Changseob Lim, Koki Yano, Yeon Jae Bae

{"title":"Revisiting the functional morphology of mandibular tusks in burrowing mayfly larvae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera): analysis using micro-computed tomography and 3D morphometrics","authors":"Alfredo Mayorga, Changseob Lim, Koki Yano, Yeon Jae Bae","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf122","url":null,"abstract":"The superfamily Ephemeroidea is a diverse group of burrowing mayflies known for the morphological and behavioural uniqueness of their mandibular tusks during their larval stage. In this study, we investigated the functional morphology of mandibular tusks across all six tusked families of Ephemeroidea using 3D morphometrics from micro-computed tomography combined with an innovative method of automatic landmarking via point-cloud registration. Our findings quantitatively support and refine the hypothesis of Bae and McCafferty in 1995 revealing that curvature and robustness are functionally linked to tusk adaptations. A principal component analysis of the mandibular tusks and forelegs substantiated the grouping of the three dwelling morphotypes (interstitial, burrowing, and hard-substrate burrowing dwellers). Evolutionary trends based on the current Ephemeroidea phylogeny suggest that interstitial dwellers with flattened bodies might have evolved in the basal lineages of Potamanthidae and Euthyplociidae, whereas burrowing dwellers with cylindrical bodies, such as that in most basal lineages of Polymitarcyidae and Ephemeridae, as well as hard-substrate dwellers, such as Povilla—Ashenopus (Polymitarcyidae) and Cheirogenesia—Palingenia (Palingeniidae), appear to have evolved in parallel, with enhanced burrowing efficiency with the forelegs. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the functional and ecological adaptations of these unique structures among benthic macroinvertebrates.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0