Zoological Studies最新文献

{"title":"The Hillstream Decapod Crustaceans of Shenzhen, China, with Description of a New Species of Freshwater Crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) in the Genus <i>Megapleonum</i> Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018.","authors":"Chao Huang,&nbsp;Siying Mao","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater decapod crustaceans are often ecologically important keystone species in their habitats. The freshwater hillstream decapods of Shenzhen City, Guangdong, China, were systematically surveyed for the first time from June to September 2019. We identified a total of 19 decapod species from 10 genera and six families. Of these, one <i>Macrobrachium</i> species and one potamid species could not be assigned to any known species. The latter clearly belongs to the monotypic genus <i>Megapleonum</i> Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018, and resembles the type species <i>M. ehuangzhang</i> in general external morphology. Striking differences in male gonopodal morphology along with genetic evidence based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences strongly suggest that this species is distinct from the type species and it is herein described as <i>Megapleonum shenzhen</i> n. sp. Our survey data sheds light on the biodiversity of hillstream decapods in Shenzhen and highlights areas of conservation interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168895/pdf/zoolstud-60-066.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40462192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life History Traits of the Snapping Shrimp <i>Alpheus carlae</i> (Decapoda: Alpheidae) from the South-eastern Coast of Brazil.","authors":"Bianca Ghizelli-Fraga, Rogerio C Costa, Régis A Pescinelli","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-62","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-62","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The life history traits of the snapping shrimp <i>Alpheus carlae</i> were investigated. We evaluated the relative growth, morphological sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, handedness, fecundity, and egg volume. Sampling was performed monthly in an estuarine region of Cananéia, in the south-eastern coast of Brazil. The following structures were measured to perform the relative growth analysis: length of carapace and second pleonal pleuron, length, width and height of major cheliped propodus, and length of appendix interna and appendix masculina. Juveniles and adults males and females have different growth patterns, indicating distinct strategies of energy allocation. The estimated carapace length at the onset of morphological sexual maturity of females and males was 5.6 mm and 6.2 mm, respectively. The sexual dimorphism of specific body structures was evident, mainly in the appendix interna of females and major cheliped of males. There was no evidence of handedness in females or males. The mean fecundity of females was 364 ± 204 eggs (mean ± SD) eggs and was positively correlated with the carapace length. The egg volume differed between developmental stages I and II, and I and III, with an overall volume increase of 73.23% and 95.45%, respectively. The results contribute to the knowledge about <i>A. carlae</i> and its life history in natural environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9121274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Species Composition of Bark and Ambrosia Beetles Captured Using Ethanol Baited Traps on Different Hosts in East Java, Indonesia.","authors":"Hagus Tarno, Yogo Setiawan, Cindy B Kusuma, Miftachul Fitriyah, Ahmad N Hudan, Alvian P Yawandika, Hanif A Nasution, Ronauli Saragih, Achmad Praditya Yoga Bagasta, Zheng Wang, Jianguo Wang","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-55","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bark and ambrosia beetles are a diverse group that causes widespread mortality of deciduous and coniferous trees. The present study aimed to investigate the species compositions and richnesses of bark and ambrosia beetles in six species of plant hosts in East Java, Indonesia. Bark and ambrosia beetles were sampled using bottle traps baited with ethanol. Studies were conducted at two sites of monoculture and polyculture systems for each host plant species. At each site, 20 ethanol-baited traps were deployed on a linear transect along the forest. Six host tree species examined were used, namely <i>Tectona grandis</i> (Teak), <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> (Clove), <i>Swietenia mahagoni</i> (Mahogany), <i>Pinus merkusii</i> (Sumatran Pine), <i>Paraserianthes falcataria</i> (Moluccan Albizia), and <i>Mangifera indica</i> (Mango). The data were analyzed using R software. A total of 4823 beetles were collected, representing 26 ambrosia beetle and eight bark beetle species. The abundance of bark and ambrosia beetles was significantly highest at the sites of <i>T. grandis</i> (F = 13.88, <i>P</i> < 0.01). <i>Xylosandrus crassiusculus</i> showed a strong attraction to the ethanol lure and was the dominant beetle species (50.65% of the total number of individuals). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of all beetles captured in this study was the highest in the <i>S. mahogany</i> polyculture (2.28) and the lowest in the <i>T. grandis</i> polyculture (0.47). According to Bray-Curtis analysis, the <i>T. grandis</i> monoculture and <i>T. grandis</i> polyculture had a high similarity value of bark and ambrosia beetle species compositions (91% similar). There were no significant differences between two cultural systems of host plants in the compositions of bark and ambrosia beetle species (ANOSIM, R = -0.1537, <i>P</i> = 0.961).</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9121139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomy, Evolutionary and Dispersal Events of Pig-Tailed Macaque, <i>Macaca nemestrina</i> (Linnaeus, 1766) in Southeast Asia with Description of a New Subspecies, <i>Macaca nemestrina perakensis</i> in Malaysia.","authors":"Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff, Badrul Munir Md-Zain","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-50","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pig-tailed macaque, <i>Macaca nemestrina</i>, which is distributed in Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Borneo, and Sumatra, has been the subject of unstable and changing taxonomic entity in the <i>M. nemestrina</i> group. This species is involved with a human-macaque conflict in Malaysia and at the same time played an important role in the ethnozoological culture of Malaysian. Even so, comprehensive phylogenetic, population genetics and biogeographical analysis of <i>M. nemestrina</i> in Malaysia are non-existent after decades of intensive research on the genus itself. Thus, we conducted the first comprehensive genetic study of <i>M. nemestrina</i> in Malaysia, based on three mitochondrial loci-Cytochrome <i>b</i> (567 bp), D-loop (398 bp), and <i>COI</i> (577 bp)-from 27 individuals representing Malaysia, plus an additional 26 sequences of Southeast Asian macaques from Genbank. Comparative biogeographical analysis in this study supports the positions of <i>M. nemestrina</i> in <i>M. nemestrina</i> groups as opposed to the <i>silenus</i> or Sulawesi groups. Results from this study also indicate that Bornean populations are the first extant lineages to separate from the other examined lineages of <i>M. nemestrina</i>, <i>M. leonina</i>, <i>M. pagensis</i>, and <i>M. siberu</i> in Southeast Asia. Molecular clock analysis suggested that <i>M. nemestrina</i> arrived in the Malay Peninsula about 0.32 million years ago (MYA). Our results indicate that the population of pig-tailed macaque from Perak (west Peninsular Malaysia) differs genetically based on all phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. Morphologically, Perak's pig-tailed macaque shows brighter coloration than <i>M. n. nemestrina</i>. Thus, we proposed a new subspecies for Perak's pig-tailed macaque as <i>Macaca nemestrina perakensis</i> distributed in the state of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. This research helps resolve the taxonomic position and population genetics of pig-tailed macaque in Malaysia, which contribute directly to conservation and management of the species in Malaysia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8685347/pdf/zoolstud-60-050.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39913674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Role of <i>Cyprideis torosa</i> and <i>Heterocypris salina</i> (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in Saline Rivers of the Lake Elton Basin: Abundance, Biomass, Production, Fatty Acids.","authors":"Vladimir A Gusakov, Olesia N Makhutova, Michail I Gladyshev, Larisa V Golovatyuk, Tatiana D Zinchenko","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-53","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saline rivers are highly productive ecosystems in arid regions. The meiobenthic community (bottom meiofauna) and its dominant representatives are one of the least studied components of these aquatic ecosystems. Ostracods <i>Cyprideis torosa</i> and <i>Heterocypris salina</i> are major consumers among the species of bottom meiofauna in saline rivers flowing into the hyperhaline Lake Elton (Volgograd Region, Russia). We estimated the abundance, biomass and production of <i>C. torosa</i>, the dominant species at the mouth of the polyhaline Chernavka River (average salinity is ~30 g l^-1), and <i>H. salina</i>, the dominant species at the mouth of the mesohaline Bolshaya Samoroda River (~13 g l^-1), in spring (May) and summer (August). Additionally, we studied the composition and content of fatty acids of the ostracods and their potential food sources (bottom sediments with bacterial-algal mats). We found that the abundance and biomass (wet weight with shells) of <i>C. torosa</i> in the Chernavka River and <i>H. salina</i> in the Bolshaya Samoroda River reached 3.5 × 10⁶ ind. m^-2 and 117 g m^-2, and 1.1 × 10⁵ ind. m^-2 and 12 g m^-2, respectively. The first species formed on average about 85% of the total abundance and 96% of the total biomass of the meiobenthos, and the second one, about 13% and 31%, respectively. The daily production of <i>C. torosa</i> and <i>H. salina</i> can reach 249 and 36 mg m^-2 ash-free dry weight, respectively. The results indicate that these species may play an important role in the total flow of matter and energy in the studied habitats. Based on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the ostracods and their food sources, it was found that <i>C. torosa</i> mainly consumed diatoms, while <i>H. salina</i> preferred bacteria, cyanobacteria, and green algae. Differences between the species were greater than differences between the bottom sediments from the rivers. It may mean that the ostracods selectively consumed different food items that may be related to the different nutrient requirements of the species. Seasonal changes in the FA compositions of the ostracods were higher than in their food sources (bottom sediments), which also indicates selective feeding of the species.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9121140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity in the Taiwanese Swimming Crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) Estimated through DNA Barcodes, with Descriptions of 14 New Records.","authors":"Yu-Hsuan Huang,&nbsp;Hsi-Te Shih","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The swimming crabs (family Portunidae) are distributed worldwide and commonly inhabit estuaries, mangroves, reefs, shallow and the deep sea. Previously, 75 species and 19 genera in this family were known to Taiwan. Our study examined specimens in Taiwanese waters, including the islands, collected between 2016 and 2020 or deposited in museums. Through the cytochrome oxidase subunit I DNA barcode marker and morphological examination, 71 species were identified. The minimum interspecific distances were greater than 4.09%, except in two unresolved groups: <i>Charybdis miles</i> (De Haan, 1835) and <i>Ch. sagamiensis</i> Parisi, 1916, as well as <i>Thranita pelsarti</i> (Montgomery, 1931) and <i>Thr. prymna</i> (Herbst, 1803). In addition, 14 species belonging to nine genera were confirmed as new records to Taiwan, viz. <i>Carupa ohashii</i> Takeda, 1993, <i>Lupocyclus inaequalis</i> (Walker, 1887), <i>Luu. tugelae</i> Barnard, 1950, <i>Lupocycloporus minutus</i> (Shen, 1937), <i>Monomia gladiator</i> (Fabricius, 1798), <i>M. lucida</i> Koch & Ďuriš, 2018, <i>Podophthalmus minabensis</i> Sakai, 1961, <i>Thalamita gatavakensis</i> Nobili, 1906, <i>Tha. spinifera</i> Borradaile, 1902, <i>Thalamitoides quadridens</i> A. Milne-Edwards, 1869, <i>Tho. tridens</i> A. Milne-Edwards, 1869, <i>Thr. cerasma</i> (Wee & Ng, 1995), <i>Thr. coeruleipes</i> (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846) and <i>Xiphonectes tuberculosus</i> (A. Milne-Edwards, 1861). This study thus raises the total number of Portunidae species in Taiwan to 89.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9168908/pdf/zoolstud-60-060.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40573551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproduction and Early Juvenile Growth of the Giant Clams <i>Tridacna noae</i> and <i>Tridacna maxima</i> in Taiwan.","authors":"Po-Wei Su,&nbsp;Gwo-Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Bonien Chen,&nbsp;Keryea Soong,&nbsp;Li-Lian Liu","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reproductive cycle, larval development, and juvenile growth of <i>Tridacna noae</i> and <i>Tridacna maxima</i> were investigated to improve their hatchery production for conservation and commercial use in Taiwan. To study the giant clam reproductive cycle, hypodermic extraction of oocytes from <i>T. noae</i> and <i>T. maxima</i> was conducted in Dongsha and Kenting, Taiwan, from March 2013 to May 2014; ripe eggs were observed in both species from March to August. There was no apparent correlation between reproduction and water temperature. Artificial fertilization was successfully conducted in <i>T. maxima</i>, <i>T. noae</i>, and a hybrid of <i>T. maxima</i>♀/<i>T. noae</i>♂. The diameter of fertilized eggs was 99.0 ± 8.1, 113.8 ± 18.5, and 116.3 ± 6.2 μm, respectively. On day 6, the hybrid died. <i>Tridacna maxima</i> grew more than <i>T. noae</i> in both 1-and 10-month-old juveniles. The juvenile growth of <i>T. noae</i> was compared between the artificial breeding sites of Penghu and Linbian, which represent the main ornamental aquatic animal culture areas of Taiwan. Starting with individuals with a shell length of 15.9 ± 2.5 mm (265 days old), the juveniles observed in Linbian were significantly larger than those in Penghu, <i>i.e.</i>, 26.6 ± 3.6 mm on day 307 vs. 18.6 ± 2.9 mm on day 321 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This might be linked to the differences in local water temperatures between the two locations, <i>i.e.</i>, 20.3-27.0°C vs. 16.9-23.9°C, respectively. These results can be used to further research ways to maximize spat production and minimize giant clam operational costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8685345/pdf/zoolstud-60-049.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39913673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and Morphology of <i>Rhinocypha</i> spp. (Odonata): A Comprehensive Taxonomic Study Within the Females.","authors":"Noorhidayah Mamat,&nbsp;Arpah Abu,&nbsp;Norma-Rashid Yusoff","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on Odonata have gained attention worldwide as well as locally in Malaysia. Although there is a wealth of data available to be utilized for solving taxonomic problems, ecological and behavioural research areas are more favoured than taxonomy and systematics. Thus, there are confusions over how to correctly identify closely related and sympatric species, especially in female odonates. One such example is in the genus <i>Rhinocypha</i>. Consequently, the present study focuses on taxonomic work, employing multi-approaches in the form of morphological (morphological diagnostics, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and geometric morphometric analysis), applying the molecular technique. Seventeen morphological characteristics were created to differentiate between the females of <i>Rhinocypha</i> spp. A FESEM was used on the female's ovipositor to focus on the anal appendages and sheathing valve (V3). Also, the phylogenetic patterns expressed by <i>COI</i> and 16S rRNA genes, and canonical variate analysis for the wing geometric morphometric revealed three clusters that supported the distinction of the <i>Rhinocypha</i> group. In summary, this study effectively developed an integrated approach of classic morphological and trendy molecular, combined with FESEM microscopy techniques, which provided corroborative evidence and resolved taxonomic uncertainties.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8685346/pdf/zoolstud-60-047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate Population Structure in <i>Drosophila sturtevanti</i> from the South American Atlantic Forest Biome.","authors":"Bruna Memari Trava,&nbsp;Rogério Pincela Mateus,&nbsp;Luciana Paes de Barros Machado,&nbsp;Lilian Madi-Ravazzi","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Drosophila sturtevanti</i> is a widely distributed Neotropical species. In South America, it is abundant and adapted to different phytophysiognomies of the Atlantic Forest biome. Reproductive, chromosomal and enzymatic studies have indicated the existence of a differentiation among <i>D. sturtevanti</i> populations. In this work, the level of genetic diversity and the population genetic structure were analyzed using four population groupings. One hundred and twenty-six <i>D. sturtevanti</i> males collected from nine forest fragments were analyzed for 11 species-specific microsatellite loci. A total of 109 alleles, ranging from 2 to 16 alleles per locus, were detected. The highest mean observed heterozygosity -<i>H</i> _O was estimated in samples from the largest collection areas, and the lowest <i>H</i> _O was from a population where fire events are common. A low molecular variation, around 3% among populations and negative among groups, an absence of genetic and geographic correlations and a moderate genetic differentiation -<i>F</i> _ST = 0.0663 -indicated that <i>D. sturtevanti</i> is not strongly structured. Besides no overall genetic and geographic distance correlation, the pair of closest geographically populations Matão and Nova Granada showed the lower differentiation through <i>F</i> _ST, DC and a Neighbor Joining tree. Ribeirão da Ilha -RDI, an isolated insular population, was the most differentiated according to <i>F</i> _ST, DC and a cluster-based Bayesian analysis. The isolation of RDI that resulted in significant divergence could be ancient, because of sea level regressions/transgressions, or more recently via founder effect/genetic drift by anthropic action carrying <i>D. sturtevanti</i> hosts from continent to island. This work is important for understanding the genetic variability distribution of a Neotropical forest-dwelling <i>Drosophila</i> species using for the first time, a wide population distribution approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8685343/pdf/zoolstud-60-046.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larval Performance of Amphidromous and Landlocked Atyid Shrimp Species in the Genus <i>Paratya</i> Under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions.","authors":"Katsuyuki Hamasaki,&nbsp;Shuji Kondo,&nbsp;Shigeki Dan","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2021.60-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2021.60-45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater shrimps in the family Atyidae exhibit one of two life history traits: amphidromy, in which planktonic larvae develop in the sea; and landlocked, in which lecithotrophic larvae develop in freshwater. Temperature and salinity are the most important environmental factors that affect the survival, duration, and growth of decapod crustacean larvae. Larvae of landlocked shrimps are known to retain the ancestral habit of amphidromy, <i>i.e.</i>, the ability to develop to the juvenile stage in saline water. Faster development exhibited by large larvae of landlocked shrimps is considered an adaptation that allows the larvae to stay in or near parental habitats. Therefore, information on larval performance under different temperature and salinity conditions is essential to obtain a better understanding of population connectivity through marine larval dispersal in amphidromous shrimps as well as larval adaptation to freshwater environments in landlocked shrimps. We examined the effects of temperature and salinity on the larval performance of two closely related atyid shrimps in the genus <i>Paratya</i>: the amphidromous <i>P. compressa</i> and the landlocked <i>P. improvisa</i>. Larvae were reared under the 25 combinations of five different temperatures (20, 23, 26, 29, and 32°C) and salinity levels (4.25, 8.5, 17, 25.5, and 34 ppt). In <i>P. compressa</i>, the rate of larvae that survived into the juvenile stage decreased linearly with increasing temperature and the larvae adapted to a wider range of salinity (8.5-34 ppt), though larval mortality increased at the high salinity (34 ppt) under the higher temperature conditions. In <i>P. improvisa</i>, larval survival rates were higher under a wider range of temperatures (20-29°C) in brackish water (4.25-17 ppt). Thus, <i>P. compressa</i> larvae may disperse broadly under the high salinity conditions of the open sea, but oceanic currents with high temperature and high salinity conditions may act as a barrier to restrict larval dispersion northwards from the southern islands. <i>Paratya improvisa</i> larvae adapted to a wider range of temperatures in natural freshwater environments and larval duration was shorter in <i>P. improvisa</i> than in <i>P. compressa</i> under the wide range of temperature and salinity conditions. Our results also highlight the retention strategy by which landlocked <i>P. improvisa</i> larvae stay in or near parental habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8678617/pdf/zoolstud-60-045.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}