Zoological Studies最新文献

{"title":"The Complete Mitogenome of <i>Xeruca formosensis</i> (Rathbun, 1921) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Ocypodidae), a Fiddler Crab Endemic to Taiwan, with its Phylogenetic Position in the Family.","authors":"Min-Yun Liu, Hsi-Te Shih","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-69","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-69","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Xeruca formosensis</i> is a species and genus of fiddler crab endemic to Taiwan, with limited distribution in western Taiwan and the offshore Penghu Islands. This study reports the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of this species using next-generation sequencing. The mitogenome contains 15,684 bp, comprising 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and a 750-bp intergenic space (control region). The nucleotide composition is biased toward A+T (69.4%). A phylogenetic analysis based on the concatenated protein-coding genes showed that the genera <i>Xeruca</i> Shih, 2015 and <i>Tubuca</i> Bott, 1973 are sister to each other. In addition, the phylogeny of the 16 available mitogenomes in the family Ocypodidae also supports the current systematics of this family based on one nuclear and two mitochondrial markers. As this species inhabits high intertidal mudflats with high temperature and high salinity, mitogenome analyses may help us understand the mechanisms of adaptation to extreme environments, as well as the connectivity of metapopulations based on mitogenomes from different populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"61 ","pages":"e69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9755983/pdf/zoolstud-61-069.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10496094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Record of the Genus <i>Pseudohelice</i> Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006 from India and Description of a New Pseudocryptic Species (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae).","authors":"Mani Prema, Jhih-Wei Hsu, Hsi-Te Shih, Samuthirapandian Ravichandran","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-56","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new pseudocryptic species of the varunid crab genus <i>Pseudohelice</i> Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006, is described from India based on morphological and molecular evidence. The new species was collected from higher intertidal zones in the Vellar River estuary, Tamil Nadu, southeastern India, in a habitat composed of muddy and sandy sediment. <i>Pseudohelice annamalai</i> n. sp. is similar to <i>P. subquadrata</i> (Dana, 1851) and <i>P. latreillii</i> (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in general form, but can be distinguished from the congeners by the characters of the infraorbital ridges, male first gonopod, and female vulvae. In addition, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences also support the new species. The occurrence of <i>Pseudohelice</i> from India links the distribution gap between the western Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean. The new species provides additional evidence for the geographic isolation of the eastern Indian Ocean for some marine organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"61 ","pages":"e56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9755986/pdf/zoolstud-61-056.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10496095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abundance Trends and Nesting Biology of Green Turtles <i>Chelonia mydas</i> (Testudines: Cheloniidae) During Ten Consecutive Breeding Seasons (2012-2021) at Akyatan Beach, Turkey.","authors":"Can Yılmaz, Ayşe Oruç, Oguz Turkozan","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-53","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data obtained from long-term survey studies are valuable for assessing the population status and trends in critical populations of threatened species, like sea turtles. Akyatan Beach is one of the most important green turtle nesting beaches in the Mediterranean and has been monitored since 2006 without interruption. The beach is 22 km long and more than 100 m wide at some points, and both loggerhead and green turtles nest on the beach. However, loggerhead nesting is very limited compared to green turtles. A total of 3866 <i>C. mydas</i> nests were recorded over ten consecutive years at Akyatan Beach, with a mean of 387 ± 127 nests (range = 201-559). The average nesting density was 17.6 nests km^-1 (range = 9.1-25.4 nests km^-1). In the 3309 nests, a total of 355,259 eggs were counted. The overall mean clutch size was 112 ± 26.10 eggs. Of these eggs, 50.80% hatched (depredated nests included), and 78.07% of them were able to reach the sea. The overall mean hatching success was 73.07 ± 26.20%. The overall mean incubation duration was 51.4 ± 3.5 days. The clutch sizes and hatching success differed between years, and there was a significant decreasing trend in mean incubation duration over the ten years of the study. A total of 1585 green turtle nests (41.02% of nests) were totally or partially depredated by golden jackals and wild boars, while other predators depredated 20.5% of hatchlings. The nesting data obtained since 2006 showed strong annual fluctuations ranging from 170 (in 2007) to 562 (in 2006) with a slightly increasing but statistically insignificant trend (<i>r</i> = 0.94, <i>p</i> > 0.05). The main threats to the population were depredation by jackals and wild boars.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"61 ","pages":"e53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9755981/pdf/zoolstud-61-053.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10436363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of the Tramp ant <i>Technomyrmex vitiensis</i> Mann, 1921 (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) in Brazil with Cytogenetic and Sperm Structure Data and an Updated Key to Brazilian Dolichoderinae Genera.","authors":"Luísa Antônia Campos Barros, Júlio Cezar Mário Chaul, Gisele Amaro Teixeira, Rodrigo Batista Lod, Jérôme Orivel, Hilton Jeferson Alves Cardoso de Aguiar","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-29","DOIUrl":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive ants are usually harmful taxa and are considered a potential problem to biodiversity due to their negative ecological impacts, as they can outcompete native ant species. Ten such species are reported in Brazil. In this study, we report for the first time the Asian tramp ant <i>Technomyrmex vitiensis</i> Mann, 1921 at the municipality of Oiapoque, in the Brazilian Amazon. The colony studied contained workers, intercastes, males and larvae, which provided sperm structure and cytogenetic data. Considering the unprecedented report of the genus <i>Technomyrmex</i> as well as the recent finding of the primarily Australian genus <i>Leptomyrmex</i> in Brazil, we present a revised key for the workers of Brazilian Dolichoderinae genera. <i>Technomyrmex vitiensis</i> presented 2n = 16 chromosomes; all metacentrics and comparative cytogenetics on the genus is provided. A single rDNA 18S site located in intrachromosomal region was observed in this species, which is a common trait in ants. The spermatozoa of <i>T. vitiensis</i> had a filiform shape, with 78.13 (± 1.96) μm of total length and 11.43 (± 0.51) μm of nucleus length. Total and nucleus sperm size length fit with the known variation observed in other ant species. The occurrence of <i>T. vitiensis</i> in Brazil is probably a result of traffic between French Guiana and the Amapá state. Cytogenetics and sperm structures of <i>T. vitiensis</i> enhance the biological knowledge of this tramp species. We highlight the scarce knowledge of ant diversity in the state of Amapá and the consequences that the presence of this species may have in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"60 ","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522628/pdf/zoolstud-61-029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33542017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three New Polychaete Species of <i>Platynereis</i> (Annelida, Polychaeta, Nereididae) from Taiwan.","authors":"Pan-Wen Hsueh","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2022.61-30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study describes three new species of <i>Platynereis</i> Kinberg, 1865 from Taiwan to provide a better understanding of the diversity of <i>Platynereis</i> in the tropical Western Pacific. <i>Platynereis hemeiensis</i> sp. nov. is similar to <i>P</i>. <i>abnormis</i> (Horst, 1924), <i>P</i>. <i>australis</i> (Schmarda, 1861), <i>P</i>. <i>hutchingsae</i> de Leon-Gonzalez, Solis-Weiss and Valadez Rocha, 2001, and <i>P</i>. <i>sinica</i> Sun, Shen and Wu, 1978 in terms of having no notopodial homogomph falcigers in adults. However, <i>P</i>. <i>hemeiensis</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>P</i>. <i>australis</i> by having: 1) fewer transverse rows or diagonal lines in Areas III, IV, VI and VII-VIII (2-3, 6-8, 2 and 2 versus 5, 10, 4 and 4, respectively); 2) tapered dorsal cirri on anterior-most chaetigers (versus stout dorsal cirri); and 3) dorsal cirri always shorter than dorsal ligule in posterior chaetigers (versus always longer than dorsal ligule). <i>Platynereis hemeiensis</i> sp. nov. can be distinguished from <i>P</i>. <i>abnormis</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>sinica</i> by having transverse rows of pectinate paragnaths in Area III (versus no pectinate paragnaths). <i>Platynereis hemeiensis</i> sp. nov. can be readily differentiated from <i>P</i>. <i>hutchingsae</i> by having long-bladed heterogomph spinigers in neuropodia (versus short-bladed heterogomph spinigers). Both <i>P</i>. <i>jihueiensis</i> sp. nov. and <i>P</i>. <i>shihmenensis</i> sp. nov. are somewhat similar to <i>P</i>. <i>bicanaliculata</i> (Baird, 1863), because all have bifid tip of notopodial anchylosed falcigers. However, the two species differ from <i>P</i>. <i>bicanaliculata</i> by having either no pectinate paragnaths or rows of pectinate paragnaths in Area III (versus a broad, oval patch of pectinate paragnaths). <i>Platynereis jihueiensis</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>P</i>. <i>shihmenensis</i> sp. nov. by having: 1) three groups of pectinate paragnaths in Area III (versus no pectinate paragnaths); 2) six to seven transverse rows of pectinate paragnaths in Area IV (versus four transverse rows); 3) three parallel transverse rows of pectinate paragnaths in Area VI (versus three to four non-parallel rows); 4) seven groups of transverse rows of pectinate paragnaths in Areas VII-VIII, middle groups each with three rows and two outer most groups each with one and two paragnaths (versus five groups of transverse rows of pectinate paragnaths, middle groups each with 1-2 rows and two outer most groups each with one paragnath); and 5) each parapodium of chaetigers in anterior, mid-body and posterior regions with three, two and one notopodial homogomph falcigers, respectively (versus each parapodium with one notopodial homogomph falciger in all body regions). A key for identifying <i>Platynereis</i> species from East Asia is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"60 ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522625/pdf/zoolstud-61-030.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33542014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beetles of the Genus <i>Lewisister</i> (Coleoptera, Histeridae), with Description of a New Species from Taiwan.","authors":"Yu-Hsiang Ho,&nbsp;Masahiro Ôhara","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2022.61-31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Lewisister</i> Bickhardt, 1912 was previously only known to contain a single species, <i>L. excellens</i> Bickhardt, 1912, and had only been recorded from Southeast Asia. In this study, a new species found in Taiwan, <i>L. masumotoi</i> sp. nov., is described and the male genitalia are illustrated. Additional morphological characters are presented for <i>L. excellens</i> Bickhardt, 1912 and an illustration of its male genitalia is provided. The pairwise genetic distance of <i>COI</i> sequences of <i>Lewisister</i> are also provided to support the delimitation of both species. Both species are distributed in Taiwan, and the distribution records from Taiwan are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"60 ","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522626/pdf/zoolstud-61-031.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33542013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeographic Inferences on the Evolutionary History of the King Cobra (<i>Ophiophagus hannah</i>, Cantor 1836) Species Complex.","authors":"Fèlix Amat,&nbsp;Daniel Escoriza","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2022.61-28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>King cobra (<i>Ophiophagus hannah</i>) is a snake widely distributed through southeastern tropical Asia, but in two separate subpopulations: one located in the Western Ghats (western Indian Peninsula) and the other much more extensive, ranging between the southern slopes of the Himalayas, Assam, Indochina to southeastern China. Similarly, it also appears in numerous tropical archipelagos such as Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Andaman Islands, but surprisingly it is absent from other large islands like Sri Lanka and Taiwan. In this study, we evaluated how climate could be shaping the distribution of this snake and estimated the future distribution of the species utilizing ecological niche modelling. To evaluate the effect of paleoclimatic conditions on the genetic structure of this species we performed Bayesian phylogenetic analysis under a molecular clock using mitochondrial DNA. Our analyses indicated that the current distribution of <i>O. hannah</i> is strongly influenced by the availability of humid climate conditions. King cobras have a long evolutionary history reflected in the appearance of four main mitochondrial lineages before the Pliocene (the Western Ghats, southeastern mainland Asia, Luzon, and Indonesia), congruently with paleoclimatic models that indicated the availability of suitable conditions for this species in these refugia during the glacial cycles. Climate history could explain the absence of <i>O. hannah</i> in Sri Lanka and Taiwan due to the absence of suitable climatic corridors when these islands were connected to the mainland (20,000 years ago). Future projections (2050‒2070) did not suggest significant range shifts in the region, even considering the worst global warming scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"60 ","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522627/pdf/zoolstud-61-028.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33542016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Species of <i>Elpidium</i> (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Limnocytheridae) from Brazil and a Morphological Phylogenetic Proposal for the Genus.","authors":"Julia S Pereira,&nbsp;Carlos E F Rocha,&nbsp;Ricardo L Pinto,&nbsp;Marcio B DaSilva","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2022.61-27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Elpidium</i> species exclusively inhabiting confined and temporary environments, such as those of tank-bromeliads, are a source of interesting and diverse studies on taxonomy, evolution and ecology, to name a few. However, despite its great diversity of species or potential for study, this genus (and other phytotelm members) has been poorly studied. In the last years, however, description of <i>Elpidium</i> species increased from six before 2013 to 11 today. This study is an effort to keep uncovering its great diversity and to go further in order to deeply understand the genus <i>Elpidium</i>. To this end, this study describes another species in the genus, <i>Elpidium litoreum</i> sp. nov., and proposes a phylogenetic reconstruction of it based on morphological characters. Our results point to the monophyly of <i>Elpidium</i> and puts <i>Intrepidocythere ibipora</i> as its sister-group. Although the phylogeny revealed some interesting relations, it also exposed some incongruities that ultimately demonstrate how superficial the current knowledge about the genus is. All these questions are discussed in detail. We see this work as at the same time an effort to better understand <i>Elpidium</i> and a stimulus to other researches to turn their attention to the historically neglected phytotelmata community.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"60 ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9522629/pdf/zoolstud-61-027.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33542015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different LED Light Spectra on Growth and Immunity of the Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica) and Giant Mottled Eel (A. marmorata).","authors":"Yen-Ting Lin, Wei-Chun Hung, Yin-Fu Yeh, Kuang-Mao Lu, Ding Cherng, Yu-San Han","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1233436/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1233436/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor recirculating aquaculture systems make light control possible and enable the usage of specific coloured lights to promote the growth and immunity of aquaculture species. Five different LED wavelengths (white light [460 nm], red light [622 nm], green light [517 nm], blue light [467 nm], and the dark) were used in this study to evaluate growth and immunity in the glass eel stage of two high-valued anguillid species, Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and giant mottled eel (A. marmorata). There were no significant differences in growth of the Japanese eel among the groups after 12 weeks of feeding (p > 0.05); the survival rate of each group was over 95%. The giant mottled eel showed better growth in total length and body weight in the red light and dark groups (p < 0.05). Expression levels of immune-related genes were not significantly different between each group of the Japanese eel and the giant mottled eel (p > 0.05). The growth of the Japanese glass eel was not significantly sensitive to different LED wavelengths, while the giant mottled glass eel showed better growth under red light and dark environments. Neither eel species showed significant differences in innate immunity under different LED wavelengths.","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42326961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Fiddler Crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in Vietnam.","authors":"Hsi-Te Shih,&nbsp;Kingsley J H Wong,&nbsp;Benny K K Chan,&nbsp;Thanh Son Nguyen,&nbsp;Van Tu Do,&nbsp;Xuan Quang Ngo,&nbsp;Pei-Yi Hsu","doi":"10.6620/ZS.2022.61-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2022.61-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on recently collected material and records in the literature, 14 species of fiddler crabs (Crustacea: Ocypodidae: Gelasiminae) are reported from Vietnam. DNA barcoding analyses using the mitochondrial gene <i>COI</i> (cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I) was performed to identify examined materials and their precise distributional range. Thirteen species-level taxa are identified and, with the exception of <i>Galsimus borealis</i> and <i>G. vocans</i>, have minimum interspcific divergences of at least 7.27%. The identified species include seven species of <i>Tubuca</i> Bott, 1973, three of <i>Austruca</i> Bott, 1973 and three of <i>Gelasimus</i> Latreille, 1817, and one <i>Paraleptuca</i> Bott, 1973. Two new records of Vietnam are herein reported: <i>Tubuca rhizophorae</i> and <i>T. dussumieri</i>. The southernmost distribution limits of East Asian <i>G. borealis</i>, <i>T. acuta</i> and <i>T. arcuata</i> are in northern Vietnam, <i>A. lactea</i> in central Vietnam, whereas northernmost limit of Southeast Asian <i>T. rhizophorae</i> and <i>T. forcipata</i> in southern Vietnam. A dichotomous key to identify the 14 Vietnamese species is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":49331,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Studies","volume":"61 ","pages":"e66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9811167/pdf/zoolstud-61-066.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9099875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}