Recent Patents on Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Nanovaccine: A Hope to Triumph the Battle Against Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).","authors":"Anurag Singh,&nbsp;Anand Maurya,&nbsp;Gaurav Mishra,&nbsp;Rajendra Awasthi,&nbsp;Kamal Dua,&nbsp;Giriraj Kulkarni","doi":"10.2174/1872210515666210720130736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210515666210720130736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection has caused the global emergence of coronavirus in humans during the last 12 months. Till May 11, 2021, the confirmed global COVID-19 cases and deaths reached 158551526 and 3296855, respectively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nose act as the initial infection site of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, mucus immunity is important to protect from infection. The outburst of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be halted only when an effective vaccine will be developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, over 100 different vaccines are under investigation, including DNA vaccines, RNA vaccines, inactivated virus vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, recombinant/subunit protein vaccines, peptide vaccines, virus-like particles, etc. Inactivated virus vaccines and mRNA, and adenovirus-based vaccines have moved fast into patent clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaccines containing spike protein of SARS-CoV as subunit could effectively prevent binding of coronavirus to the host cell and membrane fusion. Thus, spike protein can be used as a major target for subunit vaccine preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":"15-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10677421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Coupled-/soluble-Copper, Generating from Copper-doped Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes on Cell Response.","authors":"Pengyu Gao,&nbsp;Xiao Luo,&nbsp;Benli Yin,&nbsp;Zhisha Jiao,&nbsp;JunJi Piao,&nbsp;Ansha Zhao,&nbsp;Ping Yang","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220114120412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220114120412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothelialization in vitro is a very common method for surface modification of cardiovascular materials. However, mature endothelial cells are not suitable because of the difficulty in obtaining and immunogenicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this patent work, we determined the appropriate amount of copper by constructing a copper- loaded titanium dioxide nanotube array that can catalyze the release of nitric oxide, compared the effects of coupled-/soluble-copper on stem cells, and then induced stem cells to differentiate into endothelial cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that it had a strong promotion effect on the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells, which might be used for endothelialization in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEM and EDS results prove that a high content of copper ions are indeed doped onto the surface of nanotubes with small amounts of Cu release. The release of NO confirms that the release of several samples within a period of time is within the physiological concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 2","pages":"150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10664733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Characterization of Polymeric Microsponge as a New Vehicle to Deliver Urea Topically.","authors":"Lalit Kumar,&nbsp;Rahul Kumar,&nbsp;Syed Basit Hussain,&nbsp;Shivali Kumari,&nbsp;Yash Pal","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220422134046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220422134046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Topical delivery of therapeutic agents is considered beneficial due to various advantages like ease of administration, avoidance of the first-pass effect, and improved patient compliance. Therefore, scientists around the globe are exploring this route for the delivery of drugs nowadays.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present patent investigation aimed to prepare, optimize, and characterize the urealoaded microsponges for efficient topical delivery in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urea-loaded ethylcellulose microsponges were prepared using quasi emulsion solvent diffusion technique and optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD). Furthermore, they were characterized in-vitro using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). In-vitro drug release and release kinetics analysis was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urea-loaded microsponges were spherical and porous. Optimized urea loaded microsponges showed a minimum size (39.78 ± 1.98 μm), high entrapment (74.56 ± 2.8%), acceptable polydispersity index (PDI) (0.224 ± 0.081) and zeta potential (-21.9 ± 2.9 mV). These microsponges were capable of sustaining the release of urea for 24 h (91.21 ± 5.20%), and the mechanism of release was the combination of diffusion and erosion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed microsponge system could be beneficial for topical delivery of urea as it could reduce the dosing frequency of urea and increase patient compliance through its sustained release.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 2","pages":"131-143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10665392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanosponges- Versatile Platform as Drug Carrier.","authors":"Ujjwala Kandekar,&nbsp;Rohini Pujari,&nbsp;Neha Munot,&nbsp;Trushal Chorge,&nbsp;Krishnakumar Lone,&nbsp;Pallavi Kamble,&nbsp;Khandelwal Kishanchand","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220905092202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220905092202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, nano-drug delivery systems have become an integral part of the most novel drug delivery systems and have gained considerable importance owing to various advantages such as carriers for poorly soluble drugs, targeting molecules at the desired site, protection from degradation etc. Objective: One of the most studied areas of nanotechnology is nanosponges. The objective of this review was to extensively summarize the various strategies for the preparation, characterization and applications of nanosponges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the current mini-review, we conducted a systemic search of the literature and patent inventions focusing on nanosponges. The summary of the search was inclusive of various aspects of nanosponges, such as drug characteristics to be considered while incorporating in nanosponges, other crucial additives during formulation of nanosponges, methods of preparation, characterization and applications of nanosponges in pharmaceuticals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nanosponges are nanocarriers for both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. These are prepared by different methods such as emulsion-solvent evaporation, solvent method, melting method, ultrasound assisted method etc., and all these methods were less time consuming, more economical and evaluated by sophisticated techniques available for routine analysis. These are among the most feasible alternative to address several formulation difficulties associated with the physicochemical properties of the drug. The porous nature and small particle size are vital properties of the nanosponges that contribute crucially to correcting the drawbacks of the drug. The properties of the nanosponges can be enhanced when combined with cyclodextrins. Extensive research work has been carried out in past to explore cyclodextrin based nanosponges. Besides, it is also used for smart targeting of tumors and for drug release in a sustainable pattern. Nanosponges can be prepared by simple methods. These can be tuned to release the drug by different routes so as to achieve the maximum benefits of the drug.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Huge amount of research has been carried out on nanosponges as drug carrier. The method of preparation and characterization of nanosponges are quite economical and routinely available. Owing to potential benefits and probable applications, these can be used as efficient carriers for certain drugs. The authors expect that the current review will guide the investigation of the nanosponges as nanodrug delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 2","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10668892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper and Zinc Co-doped Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Arrays on Controlling Nitric Oxide Releasing and Regulating the Inflammatory Responses for Cardiovascular Biomaterials.","authors":"Benli Yin,&nbsp;Xiao Luo,&nbsp;Peng Yu Gao,&nbsp;Zhi Sha Jiao,&nbsp;Jun Ji Piao,&nbsp;An Sha Zhao,&nbsp;Ping Yang","doi":"10.2174/1872210515666211004103733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210515666211004103733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanotubes arrays have shown tremendous application foreground due to their unique characters of structure and performance. However, the single bio-function is still the limit on cardiovascular biomaterials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The loadability function provides the possibility for the TiO₂ nanotubes arrays to realize composite multifunction. The copper can catalyze the release of nitric oxide to promote the proliferation of endothelium cells and improve the anticoagulant. Also, zinc can adjust the inflammatory responses to improve anti-inflammation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this patent work, we co-doped the copper and zinc onto TiO₂ nanotubes arrays to estimate the hemocompatibility, cytocompatibility and responses of inflammation. The results showed that copper and zinc could introduce better multi-biofunctions to the TiO₂ nanotubes arrays for the application in cardiovascular biomaterials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the NTs@Cu/Zn sample as a new composite material in this study had significant biocompatibility in vascular implantation and can be used as a potential material for polymer- free drug-eluting stents.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 2","pages":"165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9232294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Patents and Potential Applications of Homogenisation Techniques in Drug Delivery Systems.","authors":"Harpreet Kaur Khanuja,&nbsp;Harish Dureja","doi":"10.2174/1872210515666210719120203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210515666210719120203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The term homogenise means \"to force or provide coalesce\". Homogenisation is a process to attain homogenous particle size. The objective of the homogenisation process is to use fluid force to split the fragments or tiny particles contained in the fluids into very small dimensions and form a sustainable dispersion suitable for further production.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The databases were collected through Scopus, google patent, science web, google scholar, PubMed on the concept of homogenisation. The data obtained were systematically investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study focus on the use of the homogenisation in drug delivery system. The aim of homogenisation process is to achieve the particle size in micro-and nano- range as it affects the different parameters in the formulation and biopharmaceutical profile of the drug. The particle size reduction plays a key role in influencing drug dissolution and absorption. The reduced particle size enhances the stability and therapeutic efficacy of the drug. Homogenization technology ensures to achieve effective, clinically efficient and targeted drug delivery with the minimal side effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Homogenization technology has been shown to be an efficient and easy method of size reduction to increase solubility and bioavailability, stability of drug carriers. This article gives an overview of the process attributes affecting the homogenization process, the patenting of homogeniser types, design, the geometry of valves and nozzles and its role in drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":"33-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10720325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of the Latest Advances in Nanoparticle-Mediated Processes for Hexavalent Chromium Remediation from Water Bodies.","authors":"Subhadeep Biswas,&nbsp;Mohammad Danish,&nbsp;Anjali Pal","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220314153635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220314153635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a well-known carcinogen, and hence its removal from aqueous media is an important area of research in the field of environmental engineering. Adsorptive removal and catalytic reduction are the two most common techniques applied for this purpose. In this regard, nanoparticle-mediated technology has contributed significantly. In the current review article, a systematic investigation has been carried out to find the latest developments that took place in the domain of Cr(VI) removal by nanotechnology. The major portion deals with the advancement and application of the new-age materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), g-C₃N₄, MXenes, zero-valent iron (ZVI), and their composites, for the Cr(VI) remediation purpose. Various interesting mechanisms, as proposed by different research groups, have been covered. Applications of the nanocomposites in the real wastewater scenario have also been highlighted. Different characterization techniques often conducted in order to get insight into Cr(VI) removal process have been mentioned. Some patents related to this field have been discussed. Lastly, the future scope of the nanomaterials, current challenges, feasibility of using these nanomaterials in large-scale treatment plants, etc., have been addressed before concluding the article.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 4","pages":"327-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9572971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PLGA Nanoparticles and Transdermal Delivery.","authors":"Lalit Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220127125041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220127125041","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10825536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanocapsules: An Emerging Drug Delivery System.","authors":"Deepika Purohit,&nbsp;Pawan Jalwal,&nbsp;Deeksha Manchanda,&nbsp;Sapna Saini,&nbsp;Ravinder Verma,&nbsp;Deepak Kaushik,&nbsp;Vineet Mittal,&nbsp;Manish Kumar,&nbsp;Tanima Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Md Habibur Rahman,&nbsp;Rohit Dutt,&nbsp;Parijat Pandey","doi":"10.2174/1872210516666220210113256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210516666220210113256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Controlled drug release and site-specific delivery of drugs make nanocapsules the most approbative drug delivery system for various kinds of drugs, bioactive, protein, and peptide compounds. Nanocapsules (NCs) are spherical shape microscopic shells consisting of a core (solid or liquid) in which the drug is positioned in a cavity enclosed by a distinctive polymeric membrane.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The main objective of the present patent study is to elaborate on various formulation techniques and methods of nanocapsules (NCs). The review also spotlights various biomedical applications as well as on the patents of NCs to date.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review was extracted from the searches performed using various search engines such as PubMed, Google Patents, Medline, Google Scholars, etc. In order to emphasize the importance of NCs, some published patents of NCs have also been reported in the review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NCs are tiny magical shells having incredible reproducibility. Various techniques can be used to formulate NCs. The pharmaceutical performance of the formulated NCs can be judged by evaluating their shape, size, entrapment efficiency, loading capacity, etc., using different analytical techniques. Their main applications are found in the field of agrochemicals, genetic manipulation, cosmetics, hygiene items, strategic distribution of drugs to tumors, nanocapsule bandages to combat infection, and radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present review, our team made a deliberate effort to summarize the recent advances in the field of NCs and focus on new patents related to the implementation of NCs delivery systems in the area of some life-threatening disorders like diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 3","pages":"190-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9180854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomaterial Gas Sensors for Biosensing Applications: A Review.","authors":"Kurmendra","doi":"10.2174/1872210515666211129115229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1872210515666211129115229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nanomaterial is one of the most used materials for various gas sensing applications to detect toxic gases, human breath, and other specific gas sensing. One of the most important applications of nanomaterial based gas sensors is biosensing applications. In this review article, the gas sensors for biosensing are discussed on the basis of crystalline structure and different categories of nanomaterial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, firstly, rigorous efforts have been made to find out research questions by going through a structured and systematic survey of available peer reviewed high quality articles in this field. The papers related to nanomaterial based biosensors are then reviewed qualitatively to provide substantive findings from the recent developments in this field.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this mini-review article, firstly, classifications of nanomaterial gas sensors have been presented on the basis of the crystalline structure of nanomaterial and different types of nanomaterial available for biosensing applications. Further, the gas sensors based on nanomaterial for biosensing applications are collected and reviewed in terms of their performance parameters such as sensing material used, target gas component, detection ranges (ppm-ppb), response time, operating temperature and method of detection, etc. The different nanomaterials possess slightly different sensing and morphological properties due to their structure; therefore, it can be said that a nanomaterial must be selected carefully for a particular application. The 1D nanomaterials show the best selectivity and sensitivity for gases available in low concentration ranges due to their miniaturised structure compared to 2D and 3D nanomaterials. However, these 2D and 3D nanomaterials also so good sensing properties compared to bulk semiconductor materials. The polymer and nanocomposites which are also discussed in this patent article have opened the door for future research and have great potential for new generation gas sensors for detecting biomolecules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These nanomaterials extend great properties towards sensing the application of different gases for a lower concentration of particular gas particles. Nano polymer and nanocomposites have great potential to be used as gas sensors for the detection of biomolecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":49324,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Nanotechnology","volume":"17 2","pages":"104-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10664398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}