Health & Place最新文献

{"title":"The extent of outdoor food and beverage advertising surrounding primary and secondary schools in poorly resourced townships in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"Annalie Wentzel ,&nbsp;Michelle Eichinger ,&nbsp;Leegan Govender ,&nbsp;Bevan Esterhuizen ,&nbsp;Machoene Derrick Sekgala ,&nbsp;Kim Nguyen ,&nbsp;Peter von Philipsborn ,&nbsp;Zandile J. Mchiza","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The targeted marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to vulnerable populations, particularly children and adolescents in lower-income communities, is pervasive and coincides with increased non-communicable disease (NCD) rates. This study examined the extent of food and beverage advertising surrounding schools in three townships in Cape Town, South Africa: Gugulethu, Nyanga, and Kensington.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Trained fieldworkers used web-based surveys on smartphones to capture all observable outdoor food and beverage advertisements in the three townships. Surveys recorded product brand, type, placement, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, and a digital photograph. Advertisements were categorised as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), unhealthy food (excluding beverages), alcohol, staple food, and miscellaneous food, following the INFORMAS Outdoor Food Advertising Protocol. Advertisements visible within 100m- and 400m buffer zones surrounding primary and secondary schools were mapped using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine the extent of outdoor food and beverage advertising surrounding schools.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We mapped 26 primary and 7 secondary schools, observing 253 and 1587 food and beverage advertisements within 100m and 400m of schools, respectively. Unhealthy advertisements comprised 69.9% and 68.5% of all observations within 100m- and 400m zones, respectively. There were 117 SSB, 57 unhealthy food, 3 alcohol, 64 staple food, and 12 miscellaneous food advertisements within 100m zones. Nyanga zones contained the most SSB (71, 60.7%) and unhealthy food advertisements (37, 64.9%). Secondary schools had higher SSB advertisement rates than primary schools (p &lt; 0.001). Within 400m zones, there were 623 SSB, 370 unhealthy food, 93 alcohol, 445 staple food, and 56 miscellaneous food advertisements, with Nyanga leading in SSB (335, 53.8%) and unhealthy food advertisements (224, 54.9%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results highlight a concerning level of exposure to unhealthy food and beverage advertisements around schools, particularly secondary schools in low-income townships. This could have implications for the dietary choices and health of students in these areas. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions and community awareness programs to address and regulate the advertising environment around schools, promoting healthier food and beverage choices for students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the health of local populations modify occupational differences in employment rates of older workers? Findings from the ONS Longitudinal Study 2001–2011","authors":"Jenny Head ,&nbsp;Paul Norman ,&nbsp;Nicola Shelton ,&nbsp;Brian Beach ,&nbsp;Emily T. Murray","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor health is a key reason for early exit from the labour market. Few studies have explored how the health of local populations is related to occupational differences in employment outcomes among older people. Our study used data for England and Wales from the ONS Longitudinal Study linked with 2001 Census measures of the health of the older working age population at local authority level. We included 128,710 people aged 40-64y in 2001 who were in paid work in the previous five years. We investigated the associations of both occupation and area level with two employment outcomes ten years later (in 2011): i) in paid work or not; ii) economic activity (employed (reference), unemployed, retired, sick/disabled, other). People in elementary occupations were more likely to not be in paid work in 2011 compared to those in managerial occupations (RRR 1·55 [95%CI 1·47,1·64]). Compared to the healthiest third of local authority areas, being resident in the unhealthiest third was associated with greater likelihood of not being in paid employment ten years later (RRR 1·25 [95% CI 1·18,1·33]). While area level health was associated with employment outcomes for all major occupation groups, the gap between the healthiest and unhealthiest areas was most marked for skilled trades; process, plant and machine operatives; and elementary occupations. Occupational differences for the economic activity outcome were most marked for the sick/disabled category. Policies to improve the health of local populations may support retention and reduce occupational inequalities in employment rates of older workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using citizen science to explore barriers and facilitators for healthy and sustainable lifestyles in office environments","authors":"Oskar Halling Ullberg ,&nbsp;Susanna Toivanen ,&nbsp;Abby C. King ,&nbsp;Katarina Bälter","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The socio ecological model states that individual behaviors at work are shaped by the interactions between individual employees and their work environments. This study used citizen science to gain insights into which elements of the built, social, and organizational environment in an office and surrounding neighborhoods in two Swedish cities were perceived as barriers to or facilitators of healthy and sustainable behaviors at work. Participants in the eight-week <strong>S</strong>ustainable <strong>Of</strong>fice <strong>I</strong>ntervention pilot study (SOFIA) (n = 33) were cluster-randomized into an experimental arm (sustainable lifestyle) or a control intervention arm (healthy lifestyle). They used the <em>Our Voice</em> Healthy Neighborhood Discovery Tool mobile app to document contextual elements at their workplaces. In total, 114 photos and text-based narratives were recorded, and four themes emerged: built environment, building design, office ergonomics, and food and beverages. Eighteen percent of the photos were linked to pro-environmental behaviors, all exclusively captured by the experimental arm. Twelve barriers and solutions for improving the workplace environment were identified during discussions with participants in both arms. The findings provide insights for designing or renovating office spaces and urban planning to promote healthier and more sustainable lifestyles for office workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does ethnic concentration buffer effects of neighborhood deprivation on early childhood growth?","authors":"Sarah B. Andrea ,&nbsp;Anna Booman ,&nbsp;Jean P. O'Malley ,&nbsp;Carrie J. Tillotson ,&nbsp;Miguel Marino ,&nbsp;Katherine Chung-Bridges ,&nbsp;Jennifer DeVoe ,&nbsp;Janne Boone-Heinonen","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neighborhood socioeconomic marginalization and racial residential segregation are associated with differential health outcomes in adulthood and pregnancy, but the intergenerational effects of these exposures on early childhood growth are underexplored. Our objective was to investigate racial and ethnic differences in the association between neighborhood deprivation and early childhood growth trajectories, with modification by neighborhood racial concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using longitudinal clinical data among 58,860 children receiving care in community-based clinics in the ADVANCE Clinical Data Research Network, we identified four early childhood (0–24 months) body mass index (BMI) trajectories using group-based trajectory modeling: <em>Low, Catch-Up, Moderate,</em> and <em>High</em>. In race- and ethnicity-stratified multinomial logistic regression analyses, trajectory group membership was modeled as a function of neighborhood deprivation, neighborhood racial concentration, neighborhood deprivation*racial concentration interactions, and confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater neighborhood deprivation was marginally associated with greater odds of <em>Catch-Up</em> trajectory for most racial and ethnic groups, with a null association observed among Assimilated Hispanic children. Conversely, neighborhood deprivation was not associated with <em>Low</em> trajectory for non-Hispanic Black or White children; however, in Less Assimilated Hispanic children, higher neighborhood deprivation was marginally associated with higher odds of <em>Low</em> trajectory, most strongly in neighborhoods with higher vs. lower Hispanic concentration. Associations between neighborhood deprivation and <em>High</em> trajectories varied substantially by race and ethnicity, ranging from inverse among Less Assimilated Hispanic children to a positive association among non-Hispanic White children that was attenuated in neighborhoods with higher White concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Greater neighborhood deprivation was generally associated with greater or similar odds of each alternative growth trajectory, most consistently for non-Hispanic White and Black children. Associations were largely similar across levels of neighborhood racial concentration. Further research is needed to understand contextual or behavioral factors that contribute to the observed racial and ethnic differences in the association between neighborhood deprivation and early childhood growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The healthiness of Australian food outlets available through online delivery platforms, by level of socioeconomic disadvantage and remoteness","authors":"Rebecca Bennett ,&nbsp;Laura Alston ,&nbsp;Christina Zorbas ,&nbsp;Sachin Wasnik ,&nbsp;Claire Lemke ,&nbsp;Cindy Needham","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Online food delivery platforms are an emerging but poorly understood aspect of food retail environments. We collected data via web scraping methods from the two leading online food delivery platforms in Victoria, Australia, identifying 11,154 food outlets from Menulog, and 12,939 from Uber Eats (with 21,733 unique outlets available across both platforms). Outlets were classified according to their healthiness using a tool developed with Australian dietitians and public health nutritionists, and assigned a food environment score. Area level (suburb/neighbourhood) socioeconomic disadvantage was determined using the Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage, and relative remoteness was determined using both the Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia and the Modified Monash Model. Across both food delivery platforms, approximately 15% of food outlets were classified as “unhealthy”, 82% were classified as “less healthy”, and 3% were classified as “healthy”. More food outlets were available in areas of socioeconomic advantage, and in metropolitan areas. Food environment scores indicated that unhealthy outlets were significantly more available in areas with higher socioeconomic disadvantage and greater relative remoteness. Disparities in the healthiness of food outlets available through online food delivery platforms may have a negative influence on the purchasing and dietary behaviours of residents in these areas, thereby widening diet related health inequalities. Further research is required to understand the potential influence of online food delivery platforms on inequities in population diets and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the influence of the built environment on physical activities for people with normal weight, overweight, and obesity","authors":"Yuxuan Zou,&nbsp;Donggen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The link between the built environment and physical activity (PA) has received substantial research attention in health geography and public health studies. Limited research efforts have been spent to investigate if the link would be different for people with or without obesity, and prior studies often overlook potential nonlinear associations. Knowledge of such potential differences will be essential for developing tailor-made urban planning or spatial policies to promote physical activities and health for different population groups. This study aims to address this research gap by exploring the nonlinear relationships between the built environment and PA engagement for people with normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Data are derived from a two-day household activity-travel diary survey conducted in 2018 in Shanghai, China. Using gradient boosting decision tree models, this study found distinct influences of the built environment on total PA duration and active PA for different weight status groups. Residents with obesity tend to have a shorter total PA duration and a lower rate of participating in active PA. By comparing the model results, it shows that the impact of the built environment on active PA is larger than that on the total PA duration for all three weight groups, and this increase is more pronounced for the obesity group. Population density, public transit, and land use mix are the three key built environment variables that exert nonlinear effects on PA engagement across all weight groups, with variations in trend and threshold values between groups. This research presents new insights into the relationship between the built environment and physical activities, which are relevant for promoting physical activities among people with different weight statuses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospice topophilia and topophobia as experienced by a local population: Implications for equity of access","authors":"Zana Bayley ,&nbsp;Lucia Crowther","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The examination of hospice settings from the position of space and place is an emerging area of academic interest. Engaging with this perspective, this paper explores how topophilia and topophobia of the physical hospice setting coincides with and informs a broader love and fear of hospice care and UK hospice organisations. We report the findings of a qualitative study of 53 participants in the catchment population of a hospice in England. The coexistence of topophilia and topophobia of hospice is argued to have potential implications for equitable access to hospice care and may both facilitate and hinder efforts towards patient education and service improvement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquatic engagements, cultures of immersion and practices of well-being in India","authors":"Maya Costa-Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article explores aquatic engagements – particularly the practice of therapeutic sea bathing – in Goa, a coastal state in India. Goa accommodates a number of natural water bodies and residents engage with them in various ways, including by participating in sea bathing and swimming activities. This article uses the practice of sea bathing as a departure point to examine embodied aquatic engagements among women in Goa. It situates these practices within broader constraints imposed by structural and material restrictions while simultaneously showing how these embodied aquatic engagements create an inclusive space that offers new ways of thinking about well-being. The article argues that multiple framings of sea bathing provide a lens through which to understand the diverse domains that constitute well-being in India. In doing so, this article provides novel insights on the relationship between blue spaces and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural influences on psychiatric emergency department visits among racial and ethnic minority youth in North Carolina: A neighborhood-level analysis","authors":"Margaret M. Sugg ,&nbsp;Sophia C. Ryan ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Ulrich ,&nbsp;Jennifer D. Runkle ,&nbsp;Martie P. Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental health continues to be a growing crisis for children, adolescents, and young adults. Yet, increasing trends in subgroups are not uniform, and key differences exist across geographic, racial, and age groups. Few studies examine structural factors like economic and racial inequality, important upstream structural inequities that impact mental health. This study examines the association between individual drivers and structural factors like neighborhood privilege and youth mental health (i.e., depression, schizophrenia, suicide ideation, anxiety) and associated racial and ethnic disparities. Data on mental health were obtained from psychiatric emergency department (ED) visits for the state of North Carolina from 2012 to 2021 for residents under age 24. Multilevel logistic regressions were employed to examine trends and drivers of psychiatric ED visits compared to non-psychiatric ED visits. Results show an increase in psychiatric ED visits from 2012 to 2021 across all races and ethnicities. Although white youth represent the majority of psychiatric ED visits, increasing trends among minorities, including Black and Hispanic youth, were notable, particularly for severe mental health conditions like schizophrenia and suicide-related outcomes and for urban neighborhoods with greater segregation. Findings underscore the need for policies addressing economic and racial inequalities at the neighborhood level to mitigate youth mental health disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using smartphone user mobility to unveil actual travel time to healthcare: An example of mental health facilities","authors":"Lixiaona Yu ,&nbsp;Tao Hu ,&nbsp;Taiping Liu ,&nbsp;Yunyu Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Travel time to health facilities is one of the most important factors in evaluating health disparity. Previous extensive research has primarily leveraged the driving time to the nearest health facility to gauge travel time. However, such ideal travel time (ITT) may not accurately represent real individual travel time to health services and is often underestimated. This study aims to systematically understand such gaps by comparing ITT to actual travel time (ATT) derived from smartphone-based human mobility data and further identifying how various population groups across regions are most likely to be affected. This study takes mental health as an example and compares ATT with ITT to mental health facilities. Results indicate that ITT and ATT demonstrate significant disparities between urban and rural areas. ITT is consistently underestimated across the contiguous US. We compare travel times among diverse sociodemographic groups across eight geographical regions. The findings suggest that different age groups have similar travel times to mental health facilities. However, racial groups exhibit varied travel times. Hispanics have a larger percentage of the population experiencing longer ATT than ITT. We also employed spatial and non-spatial regression models, such as Ordinary Least Squares, Spatial Lag Model, and Spatial Error Model, to quantify the correlation between travel times and socioeconomic status. The results revealed that the proportion of older adults and high school dropouts positively correlates with travel times in most regions. Areas with more non-Hispanics show positive correlations with both travel times. Overall, this study reveals pronounced discrepancies between ITT and ATT, underscoring the importance of using smartphone-derived ATT to measure health accessibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}