Health & Place最新文献

{"title":"Health impact assessment of urban and transport developments in Barcelona: A case study","authors":"Ana Ramos Velásquez ,&nbsp;Marc Guevara ,&nbsp;Jan Mateu Armengol ,&nbsp;Daniel Rodríguez-Rey ,&nbsp;Natalie Mueller ,&nbsp;Marta Cirach ,&nbsp;Sasha Khomenko ,&nbsp;Mark Nieuwenhuijsen","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urban spaces need to be rethought to address growing health and environmental challenges. Urban density and transport systems contribute significantly to air pollution, negatively impacting public health. Barcelona has begun a transformation by introducing the Superblock model, an urban development with proven health benefits. However, there is a lack of understanding of the health impacts of various planned urban and transport interventions. This study aims to explore planned urban and transport developments in Barcelona (e.g. Superblocks, Low emission zone, tactical urban planning, port electrification) and estimates the health impacts of their related exposures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We utilized modelled NO₂ reduction scenarios, which considered changes from implementing Barcelona's Urban Mobility Plan (UMP) of 2018–2024 and the Port electrification project. The UMP includes different interventions such as the low emission zones, tactical urban planning (reducing car traffic lanes), existing superblocks, and street greening. We established a baseline scenario for the year 2019, with no implementation of UMP or Port electrification. We devised three scenarios implementing the UMP: a) no change in private car use b) a 25% reduction in private car use, and c) a 25% reduction in private car use with port electrification. We estimated the effect on NO₂ levels and conducted a health impact assessment following a comparative risk assessment methodology to demonstrate the impacts of these scenarios on natural cause of adult mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The scenario with no change in private car use resulted in a 5.9 % reduction in NO₂, preventing 67 (34–133 95% CI) premature deaths annually. The scenario with a 25% reduction in private car use led to a 17.6% reduction in NO₂, preventing 199 (101–392 95% CI) premature deaths annually. Adding port electrification to the 25% reduction in private car use scenario resulted in a 19.4% reduction in NO₂, preventing 228 (115–447 95% CI) premature deaths annually.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that implementing measures to reduce car use and electrifying the port in Barcelona can significantly reduce air pollution and prevent premature deaths in adults. This emphasizes the relevance of ambitious urban and transport policies in improving public health. Policymakers should consider assertive actions and broader implementation of such measures for greater health benefits. Further research is needed to explore additional measures and their potential impacts, facilitating the development of comprehensive urban and transport strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powering well-being: Energy independence and mental health in a zone of ongoing disasters","authors":"Sergio Rivera-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Nelson Varas-Díaz ,&nbsp;Sheilla Rodríguez-Madera ,&nbsp;Mark Padilla ,&nbsp;Kariela Rivera-Bustelo ,&nbsp;Genevieve Reid ,&nbsp;Adrian Santiago-Santiago ,&nbsp;Claudia Mercado-Rios ,&nbsp;Kevin Grove ,&nbsp;Arturo Massol-Deyá ,&nbsp;Rebecca Rodríguez-Banch ,&nbsp;John Vertovec ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The archipelago of Puerto Rico has faced multiple natural disasters, including hurricanes and earthquakes, disrupting the mental health and daily lives of its residents. These disasters, combined with socio-political abandonment, have led to the deterioration of the electrical grid, exacerbating health disparities. This study aimed to explore the linkages between natural and structural disasters, mental health, and energy independence in Puerto Rico. In this setting, the community organization <em>Casa Pueblo</em> has installed solar panels in the homes of people with chronic health conditions. Through ethnographic fieldwork in the town of Adjuntas and qualitative interviews with 45 individuals with different levels of access to solar power, we explore the implications of ongoing natural and structural disasters on the mental health of individuals and how access to solar energy could help mitigate their effects. Results indicate that participants with direct and indirect access to solar panels held positive and hopeful narratives regarding their mental well-being and quality of life. This innovative model of communal energy security through solar power for climate adaptation holds promises for enhancing mental health in the town of Adjuntas and potentially in other regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor health intervention for refugees, migrants, and asylum-seekers: A mixed-methods pilot study","authors":"Charlotte Wendelboe-Nelson ,&nbsp;Jessica C. Fisher ,&nbsp;Tanja M. Straka ,&nbsp;Rita Sousa-Silva ,&nbsp;Claudia Menzel ,&nbsp;Julius C. Alejandre ,&nbsp;Sian de Bell ,&nbsp;Rachel R.Y. Oh ,&nbsp;Aletta Bonn ,&nbsp;Melissa R. Marselle","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the multifaceted and diverse challenges that refugees, migrants, and asylum-seekers experience when entering a new country, they remain notably underrepresented in the evaluation and understanding of the health and wellbeing impacts of outdoor health interventions. We addressed this knowledge gap by a mixed-methods evaluation (questionnaires, focus groups and photo elicitation activity) facilitated by a community researcher. Qualitative data (focus groups and photo elicitation activity) revealed that the participants saw the social component of outdoor activities as a critical factor in improving their wellbeing, an insight not captured by established quantitative wellbeing scales. Given the diverse backgrounds of refugee, migrant, and asylum-seeker populations, we underline the importance of a transdisciplinary, collaborative, and mixed-methods research approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hard-to-reach communities in the rural Ecuador: A qualitative perspective on dietary habits and physical activity","authors":"Puig-García M ,&nbsp;Parker LA ,&nbsp;Caicedo-Montaño C ,&nbsp;Márquez-Figueroa M ,&nbsp;Chilet-Rosell E","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While many studies focus on urban areas, it's vital to understand health-related behaviours in rural communities. This paper aims to explore the factors that influence dietary habits and physical activity from the perspective of men and women of different ethnic groups living in a hard-to-reach rural area in Ecuador. We conducted 5 focus groups with 37 participants (26 women) from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds in marginalized communities in Esmeraldas. The thematic analysis showed environment and culture shape dietary habits and physical activity, influenced by taste preferences, economic factors, and societal norms, with gender roles and beauty standards playing significant roles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing for care, connection, and health equity","authors":"Meghan Taylor Holtan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bowen ,&nbsp;Jordana Maisel ,&nbsp;Mylene Riva","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers and policymakers have used a four-pillar framework— condition, consistency, context, and cost—to describe the characteristics of housing that are important for health equity. We propose adding a fifth pillar: care and connection. Housing for care and connection refers to the housing design, institutional policies, and housing programs that strengthen social connections, caregiving relationships, access to resources, and a sense of self in community. Attending to these needs in housing is especially important for people who are in transition in and out of homelessness, living in poverty, are very young or very old, or living with a disability or activity limitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forces at play: A qualitative study of risk aversion, policy and decision making for children's physically active play in schools","authors":"Alethea Jerebine ,&nbsp;Emma L.J. Eyre ,&nbsp;Natalie Lander ,&nbsp;Michael J. Duncan ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Barnett","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated (i) the social and political factors driving risk averse decision making for children's physically active play in schools, and (ii) the policies shaping these decisions in Victoria, Australia. A theory-informed multi-method case study design combined policy document mapping, semi-structured interviews, and photo elicitation with 30 education policy actors. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings showed the policy landscape was heavily skewed towards managing risk and safety (84%; n = 42), with fewer, mostly optional, policies for promoting physical activity, and a lack of policy to promote or protect play. Thematic findings indicated an intersecting range of factors in this setting (including occupational health and safety, knowledge and skill gaps, parent factors, children's physical capabilities, an undervaluing of play) can deter schools from providing an environment that enables children's freely chosen, physically active play. Multi-faceted, systems-based approaches that go beyond interventions aimed at individual behaviour change are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in urbanicity and household availability of and proximity to food vendors from 2004 to 2020 in a rural district of northwestern Bangladesh","authors":"Alexandra L. Bellows ,&nbsp;Amanda C. Palmer ,&nbsp;Frank Curriero ,&nbsp;Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman ,&nbsp;Abu Ahmed Shamim ,&nbsp;Saijuddin Shaikh ,&nbsp;Rezwanul Haque ,&nbsp;Hasmot Ali ,&nbsp;Jonathon D. Sugimoto ,&nbsp;Parul Christian ,&nbsp;Keith P. West Jr. ,&nbsp;Alain B. Labrique","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The nutrition transition underway in South Asia is likely mediated by changes to the food environment. Yet, few studies have been conducted in rural areas of South Asia to describe how the food environment has changed.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This analysis assessed changes in household availability of and proximity to markets, grocery shops, and tea shops over a 16-year time period in Gaibandha, Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed household demographic and geospatial data collected at 3 time points from 2004 to 2020 in a contiguous rural area (435 km²). We defined availability as number of food vendors within 400- and 1600-m radius of households and proximity as distance to nearest vendor. We used linear and Poisson models to estimate associations between household socioeconomic status (SES) and food vendor availability and proximity. We used multi-level models to conduct similar analyses for community-level urbanicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2004 to 2020, the numbers of markets, grocery shops and tea shops increased by 21%, 66% and 270%, respectively. Food vendor proximity did not change by household SES, but less urban households witnessed larger increases in proximity to markets (p for interaction&lt;0.001) and tea shops (p for interaction&lt;0.001) over time. Grocery shop and tea shop availability was initially higher and increased more over time for households in higher urbanicity areas (p for interaction&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Over a 16-year period, this rural area of Bangladesh became more urbanized, increasing the availability of and proximity to markets, grocery shops, and tea shops. Further research is needed to see how these changes impact rural residents’ intake and nutritional status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“A place where I have lost and made friends”: A photovoice study on adolescents’ perspectives on health in a new residential development area in Munich, Germany","authors":"Stephan Voss ,&nbsp;Julia Bauer ,&nbsp;Caroline Jung-Sievers ,&nbsp;Graham Moore ,&nbsp;Eva Rehfuess ,&nbsp;Laura Corinna Wagner ,&nbsp;Michaela Coenen","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Worldwide, the number and proportion of people living in cities continue to grow. Building new districts creates opportunities for designing urban environments that promote the health of their residents from the get-go. In this study, we used the photovoice methodology to explore the perspectives of adolescents on health and well-being in a new urban development area in Munich, Germany. Eleven adolescents aged 13–19 years were recruited in the new residential development area of Freiham on the Southwestern outskirts of Munich. Participants were given ten days to take photographs in the study area, focusing on objects or sceneries they considered to be important for their health. We then conducted qualitative interviews related to these photographs. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. We identified eight recurring themes: emotional well-being, meeting peers, being physically active, growing as a person, safety, waste, development of the urban environment, aesthetics of the urban environment. Adolescents highlighted aspects of mental and social health when assessing the urban environment. Interacting with other young people was an important reason for our participants to visit public places. Public health professionals and urban planners should consider the specific needs of this age group when building new urban areas, and especially provide safe and clean public spaces that adolescents can use for recreation and social interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The extent of outdoor food and beverage advertising surrounding primary and secondary schools in poorly resourced townships in Cape Town, South Africa","authors":"Annalie Wentzel ,&nbsp;Michelle Eichinger ,&nbsp;Leegan Govender ,&nbsp;Bevan Esterhuizen ,&nbsp;Machoene Derrick Sekgala ,&nbsp;Kim Nguyen ,&nbsp;Peter von Philipsborn ,&nbsp;Zandile J. Mchiza","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The targeted marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to vulnerable populations, particularly children and adolescents in lower-income communities, is pervasive and coincides with increased non-communicable disease (NCD) rates. This study examined the extent of food and beverage advertising surrounding schools in three townships in Cape Town, South Africa: Gugulethu, Nyanga, and Kensington.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Trained fieldworkers used web-based surveys on smartphones to capture all observable outdoor food and beverage advertisements in the three townships. Surveys recorded product brand, type, placement, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, and a digital photograph. Advertisements were categorised as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), unhealthy food (excluding beverages), alcohol, staple food, and miscellaneous food, following the INFORMAS Outdoor Food Advertising Protocol. Advertisements visible within 100m- and 400m buffer zones surrounding primary and secondary schools were mapped using the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine the extent of outdoor food and beverage advertising surrounding schools.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We mapped 26 primary and 7 secondary schools, observing 253 and 1587 food and beverage advertisements within 100m and 400m of schools, respectively. Unhealthy advertisements comprised 69.9% and 68.5% of all observations within 100m- and 400m zones, respectively. There were 117 SSB, 57 unhealthy food, 3 alcohol, 64 staple food, and 12 miscellaneous food advertisements within 100m zones. Nyanga zones contained the most SSB (71, 60.7%) and unhealthy food advertisements (37, 64.9%). Secondary schools had higher SSB advertisement rates than primary schools (p &lt; 0.001). Within 400m zones, there were 623 SSB, 370 unhealthy food, 93 alcohol, 445 staple food, and 56 miscellaneous food advertisements, with Nyanga leading in SSB (335, 53.8%) and unhealthy food advertisements (224, 54.9%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results highlight a concerning level of exposure to unhealthy food and beverage advertisements around schools, particularly secondary schools in low-income townships. This could have implications for the dietary choices and health of students in these areas. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions and community awareness programs to address and regulate the advertising environment around schools, promoting healthier food and beverage choices for students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the health of local populations modify occupational differences in employment rates of older workers? Findings from the ONS Longitudinal Study 2001–2011","authors":"Jenny Head ,&nbsp;Paul Norman ,&nbsp;Nicola Shelton ,&nbsp;Brian Beach ,&nbsp;Emily T. Murray","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor health is a key reason for early exit from the labour market. Few studies have explored how the health of local populations is related to occupational differences in employment outcomes among older people. Our study used data for England and Wales from the ONS Longitudinal Study linked with 2001 Census measures of the health of the older working age population at local authority level. We included 128,710 people aged 40-64y in 2001 who were in paid work in the previous five years. We investigated the associations of both occupation and area level with two employment outcomes ten years later (in 2011): i) in paid work or not; ii) economic activity (employed (reference), unemployed, retired, sick/disabled, other). People in elementary occupations were more likely to not be in paid work in 2011 compared to those in managerial occupations (RRR 1·55 [95%CI 1·47,1·64]). Compared to the healthiest third of local authority areas, being resident in the unhealthiest third was associated with greater likelihood of not being in paid employment ten years later (RRR 1·25 [95% CI 1·18,1·33]). While area level health was associated with employment outcomes for all major occupation groups, the gap between the healthiest and unhealthiest areas was most marked for skilled trades; process, plant and machine operatives; and elementary occupations. Occupational differences for the economic activity outcome were most marked for the sick/disabled category. Policies to improve the health of local populations may support retention and reduce occupational inequalities in employment rates of older workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 103376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}