Anatomia Histologia Embryologia最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Testosterone, Nandrolone and Their Combination on the Structure and Ultrastructure of Muscle Fibres and Myofibrils in Pigs","authors":"Kristýna Skoupá,&nbsp;Andrej Bátik,&nbsp;Kristína Tošnerová,&nbsp;Kamil Št'astný,&nbsp;Zbyšek Sládek","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is increasing pressure on meat producers worldwide due to the need for higher yields and improved meat quality. This is why anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) have been widely used in most countries, due to their ability to accelerate animal muscle growth. However, out of concern for their side effects, EU states have banned their use and implemented control mechanisms. But they are reaching their limits, and therefore, it is necessary to look for new ways and investigate the mechanism of action of AAS on muscle tissue. This study replicated the administration of banned AAS (testosterone, nandrolone and their combination) and observed their effect on pig muscle. The pig model was purposely chosen for the study, as no such research has been carried out on this species. At the same time, pork is one of the most consumed meats in Europe. It focused on histological changes in muscle structure, specifically the size of muscle fibres and the number of satellite cells per muscle fibre. Furthermore, ultrastructural changes in muscle fibres, the diameter of myofibrils, the number of myofibrils per area, the distance between myofibrils and the size of sarcomeres were examined. The results using the techniques of histology, fluorescent labelling and transmission electron microscopy showed that, after the application of AAS, there is an increase in the diameter of muscle fibres, an increase in the diameter of myofibrils, a decrease in the number of myofibrils per surface area and, in the case of testosterone, an increase in the distance between myofibrils and an increase in the length of sarcomeres. There was also a significant increase in the number of satellite cells per muscle fibre. The detected statistically significant differences between control and experimental groups provide evidence that selected histological parameters could be additional mechanisms for detecting the presence of AAS in pork meat in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the Articularis Humeri Muscle Homologous to the Coracobrachialis Muscle in Carnivorans? An Evolutionary and Terminological Answer Based on the Shoulder Myology of the Coati (Nasua nasua, Carnivora, Procyonidae)","authors":"Juan Fernando Vélez García,&nbsp;Roseâmely Angélica de Carvalho Barros,&nbsp;Maria Angelica Miglino","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>South American coati (<i>Nasua nasua</i>) is a carnivoran of the suborder Caniformia and family Procyonidae. Anatomical and functional studies have been performed on the thoracic limb muscles of this species. The topology and innervation are necessary to establish a more suitable anatomical terminology and to infer the muscle evolutionary derivation in anatomical studies. Within the shoulder muscles, the articularis humeri muscle is found caudal to the shoulder joint capsule and is innervated by the axillary nerve. The coracobrachialis muscle is medial and is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. However, some studies in <i>N. nasua</i> and other carnivorans describe the coracobrachialis muscle with the name articularis humeri muscle. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyse the terminology and evolutionary derivation inferences of the shoulder intrinsic muscles in <i>N. nasua</i> based on their attachments, topology, and innervation. We dissected 15 thoracic limbs from eight formaldehyde-fixed specimens. Most muscles conserved the evolutionary derivation proposed to other procyonids. Ten limbs presented the articularis humeri muscle similar to that described in the ursid <i>Ursus maritimus</i> (polar bear) and the felids <i>Felis catus</i> (domestic cat) and <i>Panthera leo</i> (lion). This muscle could have derived from the subscapularis muscle and potentially be present in the last common ancestor of carnivorans. Based on most references in myological studies of Carnivora, the present study is the first record of the presence of the articularis humeri muscle in <i>N. nasua</i>. Therefore, the name m. articularis humeri should not be used as a synonym or homologous muscle to the coracobrachialis or coracobrachialis brevis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Fourth Right Aortic Arch in a White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus ustus)","authors":"F. J. Cabrera A.,&nbsp;E. M. Delgado-Ruilova,&nbsp;C. Sáenz,&nbsp;B. A. Ordoñez","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persistent Fourth Right Aortic Arch (PRAA) with retention of the left <i>ductus arteriosus</i> constitutes the most prevalent clinically significant form of vascular ring anomalies in both dogs and cats, accounting for approximately 95% of aortic arch developmental anomalies. This anomaly causes oesophageal compression in weaned animals, leading to restricted passage of solid food, postprandial regurgitation, and potential development of acquired megaoesophagus. Notably, neonatal or lactating animals usually do not exhibit these consequences. While PRAA is well documented in dogs and cats, its occurrence in wild or domesticated ungulates is a rare and intriguing phenomenon, shedding light on congenital cardiovascular anomalies in such species. In this case, a female neonate white-tailed deer, weighing 2 kg, was delivered to the TUERI Wildlife Hospital. Despite receiving substitute feeding and fluid therapy, the specimen faced challenges in milk transit to the abomasum, resulting in postprandial regurgitation. Forelimbs' muscle contractions hindered imaging aimed at elucidating the cause of regurgitation. Nonetheless, these procedures facilitated a presumptive diagnosis of secondary megaoesophagus attributed to a PRAA. The specimen was euthanized, and the carcass underwent necropsy, revealing a PRAA with distinctive anatomical features, including oesophageal dilation, tracheal stenosis, and a constricting vascular ring surrounding both the oesophagus and trachea. This unique case underscores the importance of considering congenital anomalies in wildlife health assessments and contributes to our understanding of cardiovascular anomalies in wildlife species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroid and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in Pigs: A Comprehensive Light and Ultrastructural Study","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Barhaiya,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted on 12 adult pigs of a local mixed breed to examine the histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of the choroid and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). The tissues were fixed in Davidson's Fluid for light microscopy and Karnovsky's fluid for electron microscopy. Due to the physiological, anatomical and metabolic similarities between pigs and humans, pigs are a suitable animal model for various ophthalmic studies. Bruch's membrane exhibited five distinct layers: the basement membrane of the RPE, the inner collagenous layer, the elastic lamina, the outer collagenous layer and the basement membrane of the choriocapillaris. Age-related changes, such as vesicular formation, were also observed. Patches of collagen fibre lamellae were noted in the choroid stroma, indicating the presence of a vestigial tapetum. The apical part of the intercellular space of the RPE cells was completely sealed off by zonula occludens and zonula adherens. Hemidesmosomes were not present at the basal surface of the RPE cells. Numerous melanosomes, lipofuscin, mitochondria, phagolysosomes, melanolysosomal bodies, and both smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum were observed in the granular cytoplasm of the RPE. Double-membrane-bound round vesicles were also observed in the RPE cytoplasm, characterised by a uniform intermembranous space and a central core space, potentially representing liposome-like structures, although this type of vesicle has not been previously described in the RPE. Overall, the study demonstrated that pigs have a choroid, Bruch's membrane and RPE morphology similar to that of humans, providing a valuable reference for studies using this animal model. Thus, pigs can be utilised as an experimental model for ophthalmic research.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Embryotoxic Dose Limit of Doxycycline and Its Effects on Some Long Bones by In Ovo Model","authors":"Mustafa Sedat Arslan,&nbsp;Selvinaz Öztürk,&nbsp;Reyhan Rabia Kök,&nbsp;Kamil Beşoluk,&nbsp;Mustafa Orhun Dayan","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to determine the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of doxycycline on chicken embryos. Eggs placed in the incubator were checked with an ovoscope on the 7th day, and a total of 210 fertile chicken eggs were randomly divided into 7 groups. Doxycycline was applied to the experimental groups at 2500, 1250, 625, 312, and 156 μg/50 μL volumes, respectively. Group 6 was evaluated as the Negative Control Group. This group was placed in the incubator again without any treatment. Group 7 was administered 50 μL of 0.9% NaCl solution used as the solvent of the drug. The number of live and dead embryos was determined after the completion of incubation. Mortality was observed depending on the dose, and death was determined in all chicks at the highest dose (2500 μg/50 μL, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). No macroscopic anomalies were observed. While a decrease in mortality rates was observed depending on the dose (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), the mortality rate in the 156 μg/50 μL dose (Group 5) was similar to the Positive and Negative control groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Femur and tibia parameters could not be measured because all embryos in Group 1 (2500 μg/50 μL) died. The length and thickness of the right and left femur and tibia in Group 2 (1250 μg/50 μL) were statistically significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) lower than those of the other groups. As a result, it can be stated that doxycycline use should be avoided in pregnant mammals, especially during the development phase of organs, unless necessary.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Morphometrical Study on Small Intestine in Rabbit Using Unbiased Design-Based Stereology","authors":"Javad Sadeghinezhad,&nbsp;Farhad Monsef,&nbsp;Hadis Bojarzadeh","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three-dimensional structural parameters correlate better with the intestinal function compared to two-dimensional structural parameters. The objective of the present study was to investigate the three-dimensional morphometrical features of the small intestine in rabbits using a design-based stereology. Five adult male New Zealand rabbits were used in this research. The total volume, volume fraction of different layers, internal surface area, villus and circular folds amplification factors were estimated in the whole and various segments of the small intestine. The small intestine volume was estimated to be 59.57 ± 8.57 cm³. The jejunum and ileum showed the most and the least total volumes, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The volume fractions of the tunica mucosa, tela submucosa and tunica muscularis were 62.57% ± 2.78%, 21.11% ± 2.01% and 16.25% ± 0.94%, respectively. The minimum volume of the tela submucosa was observed in the ileum (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and the fractional volume of the tunica muscularis in the ileum was significantly more than those of other segments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The surface area of the entire small intestine was estimated to be 8302.31 ± 1872.39 cm². The jejunum and ileum segments showed the most and the least surface areas, respectively. The increase in the intestinal surface area attributable to the presence of villi was estimated to be 6.82 ± 0.84, and that for circular folds was accounted for 1.36 ± 0.09. The largest amplification factors of villi and circular folds were observed in the duodenum and ileum, respectively. Our data presented the three-dimensional morphometry of the small intestine of the rabbit as a translational model and provided basic findings for the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal diseases in this species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Developmental Changes in the Morphology of the Asterisci Otoliths of Cyprinion kais (Heckel, 1843) and Cyprinion macrostomum (Heckel, 1843) Collected From Tigris River, Şırnak Province, Türkiye","authors":"Laith A. Jawad,&nbsp;Muhammed Y. Dörtbudak","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A series of asterisci otoliths of <i>C. kais</i> and <i>C. macrostomum</i> freshwater fish species from the Tigris River, Şırnak Province, Türkiye, are designated morphologically to explore the ontogenetic and intraspecific disparity. The outcomes of this study show that the surface morphology of the asterisci among young and adult specimens is inconstant, particularly in <i>C. macrostomum</i>. The indicative characteristics of the asterisci can be utilised to approve the identification of the species. Besides, the collection of fishes from the Tigris River, Şırnak Province permitted the inspection of larger maximum sizes than reported in the literature for both species of the genus <i>Cyprinion</i> explored. The present study represents the first developmental account of the asterisci of any cyprinid fish species examined before. An SEM-based result of the asterisci of the two species is presented.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Distribution of Heat Shock Proteins 27, 60, 70 and 90 in the Placenta of Goats in the Second and Third Trimester of Pregnancy","authors":"Banu Kandil","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determining the immunoexpression of HSPs in the placenta may contribute to the understanding of pregnancy physiology and immunotolerance mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the distribution of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 in the placenta of goats. Tissue samples were taken from the placentomal and interplacentomal regions of the pregnant uterus of 12 goats, comprising 6 s and 6 third trimesters. Following routine histological procedures, immunohistochemical staining was performed on tissue sections. In the interplacentomal region, HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 in luminal and glandular epithelial, stromal and smooth muscle cells did not show differences between the second and third trimesters (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In the placentomal region, HSP27 and HSP60 in syncytial plaques and HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 in maternal stromal cells did not change as the pregnancy progressed (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). There was no difference in HSP27, HSP60 and HSP90 in fetal stromal cells between the second and third trimesters (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). HSP27 and HSP90 were positive in both trophoblast cells, HSP60 was positive in binucleate trophoblast cells, and HSP70 was positive in mononucleate trophoblast cells. In the third trimester compared with the second trimester, HSP27 was decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while HSP90 in mononucleate and binucleate trophoblast cells did not show a difference (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). HSP70 did not change in mononucleate trophoblast cells (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), but HSP60 was increased in binucleate trophoblast cells (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) as the pregnancy progressed. In conclusion, this study showed that HSPs had similar immunoexpression patterns in the interplacentomal region but different immunoexpression patterns in the placentomal region of the goat placenta.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, Histological and Histochemical Analysis of the Digestive Tract in Panga Pangasius hypophthalmus (Teleostei: Siluriformes)","authors":"Lucas Camilo Moraes Alves,&nbsp;Phâmella Neres de Lima,&nbsp;Matheus Santos Costa,&nbsp;Anderson Pires de Moraes,&nbsp;Fernanda Gomes de Paula,&nbsp;Edson José Benetti,&nbsp;Karina Simões","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study aims to describe the macroscopic, histological and histochemical features of the digestive tract of omnivorous fish species Panga <i>Pangasius hypophthalmus</i>—which derives from Southeast Asian watersheds—with emphasis on secretory cell types and their histochemical reactions. Results have evidenced that the anatomical organisation of the digestive tract in the coelomic cavity of the investigated species is similar to that of other omnivorous teleosts, except for a pneumatic duct linking the distal portion of their oesophagus to their swim bladder. It is worth highlighting that both the oesophagus and the stomach have well-developed histological layers and that the stomach has a saccular shape and is highly distensible to ensure longer food storage time. Intestinal loops are convoluted and present well-developed mucosal folds with varying widths, heights and thicknesses; these features increase the nutrient absorption surface. The digestive tract presented histological and histochemical features similar to those of other siluriform fish that show the same feeding habits and secretory cells throughout the digestive tract, whose acid and neutral secretions guarantee the functionality of digestive processes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Anaesthesia of the Bovine Tarsus: A Cadaver Study Comparing Anatomical Landmark-Based and Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks","authors":"Karl Klisch,&nbsp;David Winkelmeyer,&nbsp;Karl Nuss","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgical procedures involving the tarsal joint are common in cattle. Indications for tarsal surgery include joint lavage, arthrotomy, the treatment of injuries, and hygromas. The goal of the present study was to lay the foundation for a reliable method of nerve block desensitisation of the bovine tarsus. Two nerve block techniques were simulated in an anatomical cadaver study on six bovine pelvic limbs for each technique. In the first technique, injection sites were based on palpation of anatomical structures, and in the second technique, ultrasound guidance was used to localise the nerves. After injection of dye (methylene blue) solution using anatomical landmark-based or ultrasound guidance methods, the 12 cadaver limbs were dissected, and the effectiveness of sham anaesthesia was determined based on the proximity of the dye solution to the nerve and the length of its distribution along the nerve. The ultrasound-guided local anaesthesia required significantly more time to perform compared with nerve blocks based on anatomical landmarks. However, the dye reached the target area in 25 of 30 application sites using ultrasound-guided local anaesthesia compared with 13 of 30 sites using the anatomical landmark-based technique. Ultrasonographic guidance led to fewer inadvertent intravascular and intramuscular injections. In conclusion, the ultrasound-guided local anaesthesia is a promising alternative to general anaesthesia, epidural, and intravenous regional anaesthesia for surgical procedures of the bovine tarsal joint and eliminates the disadvantages of other anaesthetic techniques, like general anaesthesia and intravenous regional anaesthesia. The practicability and utility of this technique still require validation in vivo.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}