Anatomia Histologia Embryologia最新文献

{"title":"Immunostaining of P450c17, Aromatase and Oestrogen Receptor Alpha in Germ and Somatic Cells During Gonadal Development in Greater Rhea","authors":"Marilú Cristofoli,&nbsp;Danielle Cristina Calado de Brito,&nbsp;Mayla Magalhães de Oliveira Alcobaça,&nbsp;Flavia Maria Pia Montenegro Donoso,&nbsp;Fabiana Morse Gosson Jorge,&nbsp;Marco Aurélio Schiavo Novaes,&nbsp;Moacir Franco Oliveira,&nbsp;Antônio Chaves de Assis Neto","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The greater rhea (<i>Rhea americana</i>), the largest bird species in South America, has significant economic value due to its meat, eggs, leather, feathers and oil. However, its lack of external sexual dimorphism poses challenges for reproductive management and breeding programmes. Key factors involved in avian gonadal differentiation include the cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17A1), P450 aromatase and the oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). This study investigated the spatiotemporal immunolocalization of these proteins in germ and somatic cells of gonadal crests and developing gonads in <i>R. americana</i> embryos from Day 9 to Day 24 of incubation. Immunohistochemistry revealed consistent expression of all three markers throughout gonadogenesis, with distinct intensity patterns between sexes and cell types. P450c17 has been detected in both germ and somatic cells in testes and ovaries, with increasing expression from the onset of sexual differentiation. Aromatase and ERα were strongly expressed in the ovarian cortex and lacunar regions, and moderately present in testicular cords and interstitium. These findings suggest coordinated endocrine signalling between germ and somatic cells during embryonic sexual differentiation in <i>R. americana</i> and provide foundational insight for future research on reproductive development and sex control in ratites.</p>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146196081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gross Anatomy and Approach to the Humerus and Femur in the White-Eared Opossum (Didelphis albiventris)","authors":"Amanda de Barros Piffer,&nbsp;Layla Contessotto de Oliveira,&nbsp;Letícia Rocha Inamassu,&nbsp;Tais Harumi de Castro Sasahara,&nbsp;Rinaldo José Ortiz,&nbsp;Bruno Cesar Schimming","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The white-eared opossum (<i>Didelphis albiventris</i>) is a Neotropical marsupial that readily adapts to urban environments. Due to its presence in anthropogenic habitats, this species is frequently exposed to vehicle collisions and dog attacks. Such trauma often results in long bone fractures, with humeral and femoral fractures being common in roadkill specimens. Long bone fractures can be stabilised using external or internal skeletal fixation devices. Therefore, detailed knowledge of the anatomical features of the humerus and femur, as well as the associated muscular and neurovascular structures in the thoracic and pelvic limbs, is essential to guide surgical access to the humeral and femoral shafts in orthopaedic interventions. In this study, eight white-eared opossums were examined. Based on anatomical dissections and radiographic imaging, the morphology of the humerus and femur, as well as the muscular and nervous anatomy of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, was documented. The observed anatomical structures were largely consistent with those reported for domestic mammals, such as dogs, and wild species, including paca and capybara. Based on these findings, the medial approach is recommended as the most suitable for surgical access to the humeral diaphysis, while the craniolateral approach is most appropriate for access to the femoral diaphysis for the placement of compression plates in the white-eared opossum.</p>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gross Anatomical Study of the Brachial Plexus in the Japanese Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus)","authors":"Nonoha Miyai,&nbsp;Motoharu Oishi,&nbsp;Tetsuhito Kigata","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brachial plexus morphology varies among species and is useful to understand forelimb phylogeny. Classifications of the Japanese raccoon dog and common raccoon dog (<i>Nyctereutes procyonoides</i>) are under discussion, and comparisons of brachial plexus morphology between them may provide clues to address this issue. However, brachial plexus morphology has not been investigated in Japanese raccoon dogs. Twenty brachial plexuses from 11 Japanese raccoon dogs were observed macroscopically, and the epineurium was then incised under surgical microscopy to trace the fascicles. The roots of brachial plexuses comprised ventral branches from the 6th–8th cervical nerves (C6–8) to the 1st thoracic nerve in 12 plexuses or to the 2nd thoracic nerve in eight plexuses. Macroscopically, nerves arising from the brachial plexus showed frequent variations. By fasciculus analysis, fasciculus components showed less variations than suggested macroscopically and most nerves showed the typical pattern (i.e., detected in more than 50% of halves), except for the caudal pectoral nerve. Moreover, patterns of communication among terminal branches, such as the axillary, radial, musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerves, were analysed. Most frequently, we detected that the communicating branch between the axillary and radial nerves included fasciculi from C6 and C7 to the radial nerve, and that between the musculocutaneous and median nerves included a fasciculus from C8 to the musculocutaneous nerve. The details of brachial plexus morphology in Japanese raccoon dogs may provide an anatomical basis for comparing brachial plexus morphology between species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Anatomical, Tomographic and Elemental Characterisation of the Axial Skeleton of the Patagonian Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus)","authors":"Danae Tapia,&nbsp;Paulo Salinas","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Patagonian huemul (<i>Hippocamelus bisulcus</i>), a critically endangered South American cervid, has undergone a severe population decline, and extant populations exhibit a high prevalence of skeletal disorders associated with chronic mineral deficiencies. Despite the biomechanical, postural, and clinical relevance of the axial skeleton, detailed information on its external morphology, internal architecture, morphometry, and elemental composition remains scarce for this species. Here, we address this gap by providing an integrative, multiscale characterisation of the postcranial axial skeleton of the Patagonian huemul. We hypothesised that the axial skeleton exhibits consistent regional patterns in external morphology, internal microarchitecture, and elemental composition identifiable using non-destructive analytical approaches. Three complete axial skeletons were examined using macroscopic anatomical analysis and linear morphometry, helical computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction, and semiquantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae, as well as ribs and sternum, were analysed following standardised veterinary anatomical terminology. CT imaging revealed regionally organised distributions of cortical and trabecular bone, including consistent basivertebral foramina and elongated internal cavities, together with segment-specific variations in internal density. Elemental analysis of compact bone demonstrated variable proportions of principal constituents among axial regions, with lumbar vertebrae showing the highest relative mineral content. These findings establish a comprehensive anatomical reference framework for the axial skeleton of the Patagonian huemul, complementing previous descriptions of the appendicular skeleton and cranial structures.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study on the Structure of Donkey (Equus asinus) Accessory Adrenal Nodules’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mustafa, F. E. Z. A., B. M. Kamal, A. M. A. Meligy, et al. 2026. “Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study on the Structure of Donkey (<i>Equus asinus</i>) Accessory Adrenal Nodules,” <i>Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia</i> 55, no. 1: e70077, https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70077.</p><p>In the published article, the province name ‘Al-Ahsa’ was omitted from the third, fifth and sixth affiliations. The correct affiliations should read as follows:</p><p>³Central Lab, Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</p><p>⁵Department of Agribusiness and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</p><p>⁶Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</p><p>The accessory adrenal nodule is situated adjacent to the adrenal gland pole, enclosed in a strong connective tissue capsule that merges with the adrenal gland capsule on one side. The nodule is highly vascularised, and there is no medullary tissue present. There are four layers in the stroma: the zona glomerulosa, the zona intermedia, the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis.</p><p>We apologise for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ahe.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjoined Parasitic Twins (Cephalo-Thoracopagus Parasiticus) in a Free Ranging Northern Bat (Eptesicus nilssonii): A Micro-CT Anatomic and Genetic Survey","authors":"J. Meyer,&nbsp;V. N. Laine,&nbsp;J. van der Kooij,&nbsp;B. Richter,&nbsp;S. Handschuh,&nbsp;M. Gumpenberger","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The detailed anatomical situation of male stillborn cephalo-thoracopagus twins in a wild ranging northern bat (<i>Eptesicus nilssonii</i>) is described by means of full body micro-CT scans in high resolution with three-dimensional computational reconstruction. The external anatomy was characterised by supernumerary wings and legs and marked cranial disfiguration. The most striking features of the internal anatomy were the presence of two hearts with different characteristics, three lungs with two tracheas, three kidneys as well as a doubled liver. Vascular aberrations and other organ deformities are described in detail. The monozygotic origin of the present parasitic conjoined twin was shown by genetic sequencing, analysis and relatedness calculations based on individual tissue samples from the autosite and the parasite. As the free ranging 1 year old mother of this twin returned every year to the same well monitored nursery colony in Norway to give birth to its pups, we can present the life history of the mother bat including the reproductive data of five more consecutive years. This enabled us also to evaluate the birthing process of the conjoined twin in the light of physiological behavioural birthing data.</p>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12869846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Behaviour of the Phrenic Nerve and Innervation of the Diaphragm in the Maned Wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)","authors":"Beatriz Costa do Nascimento,&nbsp;Amanda Rohrs de Cerqueira,&nbsp;Gabriela Santana dos Anjos,&nbsp;Ingrid Bulhões Pimenta,&nbsp;Estela Larissa Silva dos Santos,&nbsp;Alberto Vinicius Dantas Oliveira,&nbsp;Paula Velozo Leal,&nbsp;Ricardo Diniz Guerra e Silva,&nbsp;Marcia Maria Magalhães Dantas de Faria,&nbsp;William Pérez,&nbsp;Érica Augusta dos Anjos Cerqueira-Silva","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The phrenic nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the diaphragm, which is essential for breathing. The literature lacks data regarding the nervous and respiratory systems of wild animals, especially the maned wolf (<i>Chrysocyon brachyurus</i>). Therefore, this study aimed to describe the origin and terminal distribution of the phrenic nerve in the diaphragm of <i>Chrysocyon brachyurus</i>. Seven maned wolf specimens were preserved by a 10% formaldehyde solution and were later dissected. The phrenic nerve most frequently originated from the ventral branches of C5, C6, and C7, forming trunks that merged when they reached the first rib. Upon the diaphragm, the phrenic nerve exhibited a terminal bifurcation into the lumbocostal trunk and the sternal branch. The distribution of the branches was symmetrical and specific to the lumbar, costal, and sternal portions of the diaphragm, with no innervation of the central tendon or caudal vena cava. It was not observed contributions from the intercostal nerves to the diaphragm innervation. It is concluded that the phrenic nerve of the maned wolf originates from the ventral branches of C5, C6, and C7, showing unisegmental or plurisegmental characteristics and representing the sole nervous supply to the diaphragm in this species. The findings demonstrate similarities with what is described in the crab-eating fox, but there are significant differences compared to the domestic dog, indicating interspecies variability in phrenic nerve morphology among carnivores and highlighting the need for further comparative studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12849982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146068344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Characteristic of Female Reproductive Organ of the Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica)","authors":"Muhammad Risman Wahid,&nbsp; Yuliastuti,&nbsp;Andhika Yudha Prawira,&nbsp;Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum,&nbsp;Chairun Nisa',&nbsp;Srihadi Agungpriyono","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents the first detailed histological characterisation of the female reproductive tract in the Sunda porcupine (<i>Hystrix javanica</i>), an endemic and protected hystricognath rodent in Indonesia. Samples from three adult females were processed using routine histological staining, including haematoxylin–eosin and Masson's trichrome. The ovarian surface was lined by a single layer of cuboidal surface epithelium over a dense tunica albuginea, with follicles and luteal structures distributed throughout the cortex. Follicles were categorised into primordial, primary, small pre-antral, large pre-antral, small antral and large antral stages, with mean diameters ranging from 44.07 μm (primordial) to 1753.02 μm (large antral). The uterine tube displayed a mucosa lined mainly by ciliated columnar epithelial cells. The uterus was bicornuate, and the cervix formed a distinct valve-like projection into the vaginal lumen. Columnar epithelium lined the uterine horn, body and cervix, whereas the vagina was lined by stratified squamous epithelium. These findings establish essential baseline histological data for reproductive assessment and provide a reference framework to support conservation and captive-breeding programs for Sunda porcupine.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Structure of Vomeronasal Organ in Akkaraman, Morkaraman, and Tuj Sheep","authors":"Gülseren Kırbaş Doğan,&nbsp;Tolga Tutar,&nbsp;Yeşim Akaydın Bozkurt,&nbsp;Ebru Karadağ Sari,&nbsp;Şükran Yediel Aras","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the vomeronasal organs (VNOs) obtained from the heads of two Akkaraman sheep, two Morkaraman sheep and four Tuj sheep. The animals studied were female and 1.5 years old. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomical and histochemical features of the VNO in Akkaraman, Morkaraman, and Tuj sheep breeds. It was determined that the VNO was oval-shaped and tubular in these breeds. In general, the right VNO was longer in all three breeds of sheep. In the cranial sections of the VNO, which is located in the form of a pair of blind tubes at the base of the nasal septum, the entire epithelial layer is rostrally lined with non-sensory epithelium. However, moving caudally, sensory epithelium begins to appear along the medial wall of the VNO. The caudal sections of the VNO had no serous vomeronasal glands. A small number of mucous glands were observed within the lamina propria of the VNO. The VNO of the Akkaraman sheep was found to have more mucous glands than those of the other two breeds of sheep. While the hyaline VN cartilage surrounding the lamina propria was intact rostrally, it was observed that the cartilage opened in the dorsal region. The ring structure was disrupted and the cartilage adopted a J-shape. As it moved caudally, the cartilage closed again from the dorsolateral region. In conclusion, the goblet cells in the non-sensory pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue located in the lateral lamina epithelialis of the VNO showed strong PAS (+) and AB (−) staining characteristics. While the VN glands were generally considered serous, it was observed that most gland cells showed strong PAS (+) staining characteristics, while a few were weak AB (+) and most were AB (−). Mucous glands, which were fewer in number, were negative for both PAS (−) and AB (−). Both PAS and AB staining showed positive (+) staining characteristics for the VN cartilage. In conclusion, the anatomical and histological structure of the VNO in Akkaraman, Morkaraman, and Tuj sheep was examined and compared with findings from other studies on this subject in different animal species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Morphological and Histochemical Studies of the Tongue in Japanese Quails (Coturnix japonica)","authors":"Mahmoud Osman Khalifa,&nbsp;Wafaa Gaber,&nbsp;Abdelmohaimen Mostafa Saleh","doi":"10.1111/ahe.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ahe.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The lingual apparatus of the birds was used to determine the food type of the birds. The tongue of the Japanese quail showed great plasticity in morphology, histology and function. Although little literature spoke in details about the developmental anatomy of the Japanese quail tongue and its attachment during embryogenesis and the post-hatching period, our data were carried out on 85 healthy random specimens arranged on 45 Japanese quail embryos with ages from the 5th day of incubation to hatching day old and 40 quail chicks with the age of 7, 14, 30 and 60 days old. Those investigations found that the primordium of the tongue arose from the oropharyngeal floor primordium as a clear elongated projection supported by basihyale at the 5th and 6th days old of the embryonated egg. The tongue primordium was attached by a thin layer of epithelium (frenulum linguae primordium). With age advancing, the tongue took different shapes, starting from a ‘U’ shape to a triangular elongated shape. Consequently, its parts were fully developed into a lingual apex that was supported by the paraglossale apical process and paraglossale corpus and the lingual body supported by both the posterior part of paraglossale and basihyale. Besides that, (ala linguae) primordia became more prominent as two oval projections with caudal serrated borders at the 10-day-old embryo which were supported by posterior processes of os paraglossale. But at 13 days old, the transverse papillary crest primordium began to appear, which consisted of caudally directed finger-like papillae. Those papillae were developmentally variable in number, shape and length. The lingual muscle primordia could be noticed: ceratoglossus, hypoglossus anterior and genioglossus muscles at 5, 6 and 7 days old of incubation, respectively. However, the genioglossus muscle showed a degenerative process at the 11-day-old embryo. Lingual glands were compound tubular and tubulo-alveolar end pieces, which its primordia appeared at the 7 and 8-day-old embryo. Histochemically, the glands showed different reactions to AB and PAS, and combined stains, which the developmental stains reaction ended with a slightly alcinophilic reaction.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49290,"journal":{"name":"Anatomia Histologia Embryologia","volume":"55 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}