Aeolian Research最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic processes of dust emission from gobi: A portable wind tunnel study atop the Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China","authors":"Weimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lihai Tan ,&nbsp;Linhao Liang ,&nbsp;Shuyi Chen ,&nbsp;Guobin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongtao Zhan ,&nbsp;Fei Qiu ,&nbsp;Shaoxiu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The dynamic process of dust emission from gobi is a largely un-solved scientific question while it is essential for minimizing the dust hazards. In this study, field wind tunnel experiments have been performed to reveal the processes of dust emission from gobi on the top of the Mogao Grottoes. We found that the dust content of gobi is the dominant factor that determines the intensity of dust emission. The vertical PM10 flux increased exponentially with the increase of dust content on the gobi surface at a given </span>wind speed. The impact energy of saltating particles is another control factor of the dust emission flux. The vertical PM10 flux due to saltation bombardment of the external sand supply was 5–13 times larger than that without the bombardment of sand supply. This study indicates that gobi on the top of the Mogao Grottoes is one of the main dust sources as it has an abundance of sand supply from Mingsha Mountain as well as its richness in dust content. Hence, it is imperative to expand the existing sand control system on the top of the Mogao Grottoes in order to minimize the impact of dust hazards on the Mogao Grottoes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46862617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport preferences of P forms in wind-blown sediments of two susceptible soils","authors":"Laura Antonela Iturri ,&nbsp;Roger Funk ,&nbsp;Michael Sommer ,&nbsp;Daniel Eduardo Buschiazzo","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wind erosion of agricultural soils affects their stock of essential elements for plants, like phosphorus (P). It is known that the composition of the eroded sediments varies with height, according to the size and density of the transported substances. Aim of this study was to analyze the concentration and enrichment ratios of P forms in sediments transported by the wind. A wind-tunnel study was performed on a sandy- and a sandy loam soil in order to measure P forms concentrations in the saltating sediments. P concentrations were also measured in the particulate matter (PM) of each soil, gained with the Easy Dust Generator. In both soils, inorganic- (P_i) and organic P (P_o) were preferentially transported in PM, with enrichment ratios of 1.8 and 5.5, respectively. Nevertheless, a P_i/P_o of 0.9 indicated that the accumulation of the minor P_o in PM was more pronounced than P_i. This agrees with P-rich light and easily erodible organic compounds, almost exclusively accumulated in PM, and in relatively heavy and less erodible minerals, like apatites, in lower height sediments. Labile P (P_l) was preferentially transported in saltating sediments of both soils. This was attributed to the selective Bray &amp; Kurtz I’s extraction of the abundant inorganic P forms of these sediments. Total P (P_t) copied the transport trends of P_i, the major form. According to the transporting trends, P_i and P_o would be re-sedimented at longer distances from the source than P_l. Outcomes become useful for modeling the influence of wind erosion on P cycling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 100776"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44472725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental composition of airborne particulate matter from coastal South Florida area influenced by African dust events","authors":"Cesar E. Ramirez ,&nbsp;Natalia Quinete ,&nbsp;Luisa Rojas de Astudillo ,&nbsp;Luis E. Arroyo-Mora ,&nbsp;Douglas Seba ,&nbsp;Piero Gardinali","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airborne particulate matter (APM) is a complex mixture of dust, dirt, soot and smoke containing both organic and inorganic components as well as biological particles. APM below 10 µm can enter the respiratory track and are known to cause adverse health effects. African dust storms are responsible for the transport of large amount of APM across the Atlantic Ocean during summer months. Anthropogenic activities are also responsible for APM pollution contribution in coastal areas and could have potential effects on sensitive ecosystems. The present study evaluates the elemental composition of APM collected from a coastal area in South Florida. In this study, a high-volume air sampler equipped with Versapor filters and located near the Port of Fort Lauderdale was employed for APM collection from 2005 to 2010. APM chemical composition was analyzed for multiple elements by ICP-MS. Seven of the eleven metals listed by the EPA as hazardous air pollutants (Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, As, Co and Se) were detected in the samples. Iron and aluminum were the most abundant elements found in all samples, followed by V and Ni, which are usually associated with anthropogenic pollution coming from fossil fuel combustion. Specific sources of APM pollution were identified by principal component analysis and using the U.S. EPA UNMIX model for environmental data analyses. Rare earth elements were used to identify contributions of geological material to the APM and African dust influence during the summer months.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of synoptic weather clusters associated with dust accumulation over southeastern areas of the Caspian Sea (Northeast Iran and Karakum desert)","authors":"Kaveh Mohammadpour ,&nbsp;Maurizio Sciortino ,&nbsp;Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis ,&nbsp;Alireza Rashki","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this study, daily-mean total and dust aerosol optical depth (TAOD, DAOD, respectively) obtained from the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) and meteorological fields from ERA-Interim reanalysis are used to identify spatial patterns of dust accumulation over northeast Iran and Karakum Desert during 2003–2012. The most dust-affected area is defined using highest variances of DAOD by </span><em>S-mode</em> and weather clusters by <em>T-mode</em><span> principal component analysis (PCA). Six weather clusters are classified via the statistical analysis, associated with high DAOD values, with larger frequency in spring, while PC1 (41 cases) dominates in summer. The results show that changes in the intensity and expansion of the Siberian/European high-pressures in spring modulate strong northeasterlies or northwesterlies over Central Asia, which are associated with frontal dust storms over the desert areas (Aralkum, Karakum). In addition, dynamic conditions associated with the sub-tropical jet stream and the Iranian trough, and combined with convective conditions at areas of thermal lows in east Iran, create a strong southwesterly wind – called Qibla – over the Iranian Plateau. These two contrasting wind regimes converge over northeast Iran/Karakum Desert, facilitating dust accumulation over the area. In summer, northerly winds dominate over Central Asia, but the absence of Qibla flow allows them to traverse till the north coast of the Arabian Sea, where they converge with the southwest monsoon flow. The accumulation of dust over northeast Iran/Karakum is lesser than that over Pakistan and Thar desert. Furthermore, the upper-level sub-tropical jet stream moves northward in summer, with core over Turkmenistan/Uzbekistan.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47455308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nebkhas: An essay in aeolian biogeomorphology","authors":"Andrew S. Goudie","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Nebkhas are a type of anchored dune that forms by sediment accumulation around grasses, shrubs or trees. This paper outlines their importance, their distribution at global and local scales, summarises what is known about their morphology, discusses those plants with which they are associated, draws attention to the materials of which they are composed, and then concludes with a discussion of their ages. Nebkhas are very widespread in dry and coastal environments. They have considerable importance because they can be ‘islands of fertility’ and have major hydrological and biological effects. They can, if eroded, be major sources of dust emission. Examples of coastal nebkhas are known from both temperate areas and from lower latitude drylands, as along the Caspian shoreline in Iran, Kuwait, northern Peru, Namibia, Western Sahara, the Makran, southwest Madagascar, and Mauritania. Dryland nebkhas have been described from numerous areas, with concentrations of studies in Kuwait, the southwest USA, northwest China, and Iran. Within an area with suitable climatic conditions, nebkhas do not occur everywhere. Certain conditions need to be met for their development and these are illustrated with examples from the Tarim and Qaidam basins of China, the Lut of Iran, northwest Argentina, and the Namib. For this, Google Earth was employed. The heights of these features range from a matter of centimeters to as much as 20 m. There is a considerable quantity of data on the plants that are associated with the development of nebkhas. They have to have certain qualities for this role: ability to withstand drought, tolerate salt, thrive on sand burial, have wide shallow rooting systems to obtain water from fog and occasional rain events, extract moisture from groundwater, withstand sand abrasion, and develop </span>adventitious roots<span>. Although nebkhas are normally thought of as a type of sand dune, and most nebkhas are indeed composed of sand-sized material, largely consisting of quartz, there are many nebkhas which contain appreciable amounts of silt and clay, as well as salts such as gypsum. Although some nebkhas are ephemeral features, various dating techniques have shown that they can be decades, centuries and even millennia old.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46768480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameterizing an aeolian erosion model for rangelands","authors":"Brandon L. Edwards ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Webb ,&nbsp;Magda S. Galloza ,&nbsp;Justin W. Van Zee ,&nbsp;Ericha M. Courtright ,&nbsp;Brad F. Cooper ,&nbsp;Loretta J. Metz ,&nbsp;Jeffrey E. Herrick ,&nbsp;Gregory S. Okin ,&nbsp;Michael C. Duniway ,&nbsp;John Tatarko ,&nbsp;Negussie H. Tedala ,&nbsp;Daniel N. Moriasi ,&nbsp;Beth A. Newingham ,&nbsp;Frederick B. Pierson ,&nbsp;David Toledo ,&nbsp;R. Scott Van Pelt","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aeolian processes are fundamental to arid and semi-arid ecosystems, but modeling approaches are poorly developed for assessing impacts of management and environmental change on sediment transport rates over meaningful spatial and temporal scales. For model estimates to provide value, estimates of sediment flux that encapsulate intra- and inter-annual and spatial variability are needed. Further, it is important to quantify and communicate transparent estimates of model uncertainty to users. Here, we present a wind erosion and dust emission model parameterized for rangelands using a Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation framework. Modeled horizontal sediment flux was calibrated using data from five diverse grassland and shrubland sites from the USDA National Wind Erosion Research Network. Observations of wind speed, vegetation height, length of gaps between vegetation, and percent bare ground were used as model inputs. Horizontal sediment flux estimates from 10,000 independently selected parameter sets were compared to flux observations from 44 ∼ month-long collection periods to calculate a likelihood measure for each model. Results show good agreement for individual sampling periods across sites with few observations falling outside prediction bounds and a one-to-one relationship between median predictions and observations. Additionally, combined distributions of sediment flux estimates from all sample periods for a given site closely approximated the probability of observing a given flux at that site. These results suggest AERO effectively represents temporal variability in aeolian transport rates at rangeland sites and provides robust assessments suitable for assessing land health and better predicting changes in air quality and the impacts of land management activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875963721001063/pdfft?md5=973d98e964768d330fe2d1d17b9d4953&pid=1-s2.0-S1875963721001063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42864257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A North American dust emission climatology (2001–2020) calibrated to dust point sources from satellite observations","authors":"Mark Hennen ,&nbsp;Adrian Chappell ,&nbsp;Brandon L. Edwards ,&nbsp;Akasha M. Faist ,&nbsp;Tarek Kandakji ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Baddock ,&nbsp;Brandi Wheeler ,&nbsp;Gayle Tyree ,&nbsp;Ronald Treminio ,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Webb","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Measurements of atmospheric dust have long influenced our understanding of dust sources and dust model calibration. However, assessing dust emission magnitude and frequency may reveal different dust source dynamics and is critical for informing land management. Here we use MODIS (500 m) albedo-based daily wind friction estimates to produce a new dust emission climatology of North America (2001–2020), calibrated by the novel use of dust point sources from optical satellite observations (rather than being tuned to dust in the atmosphere). Calibrated dust emission occurred predominantly in the biomes of the Great Plains (GP) and North American Deserts (NAD), in broad agreement with maps of aerosol optical depth and dust deposition but with considerably smaller frequency and magnitude. Combined, these biomes produced 7.2 Tg y^-1 with contributions split between biomes (59.8% NAD, 40.2% GP) due to the contrasting conditions. Dust emission is dependent on different wind friction conditions on either side of the Rocky Mountains. In general, across the deserts, aerodynamic roughness was persistently small and dust sources were activated in areas prone to large wind speeds; desert dust emissions were wind speed limited. Across the Great Plains, large winds persist, and dust emission occurred when vegetation cover was reduced; vegetated dust emissions were roughness limited. We found comparable aerodynamic roughness exists across biomes/vegetation classes demonstrating that dust emission areas are not restricted to a single biome, instead they are spread across an ‘envelope’ of conducive wind friction conditions. Wind friction dynamics, describing the interplay between changing vegetation roughness (e.g., due to climate and land management) and changing winds (stilling and its reversal), influence modelled dust emission magnitude and frequency and its current and future climatology. We confirm previous results that in the second half of the 21st century the southern Great Plains is the most vulnerable to increased dust emission and show for the first time that risk is due to increased wind friction (by decreased vegetation roughness and / or increased wind speed). Regardless of how well calibrated models are to atmospheric dust, assuming roughness is static in time and / or homogeneous over space, will not adequately represent current and future dust source dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875963721001038/pdfft?md5=95232556baef70495b63a4d27383325d&pid=1-s2.0-S1875963721001038-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation, hydrology, and sand movement interactions on the Slate Canyon alluvial fan-Keeler Dunes Complex, Owens Valley, California","authors":"James H. Richards ,&nbsp;Jason K. Smesrud ,&nbsp;Dane L. Williams ,&nbsp;Brian M. Schmid ,&nbsp;John B. Dickey ,&nbsp;Maarten D. Schreuder","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Relationships among hydrology, sand movement, and vegetation community dynamics within the Slate Canyon alluvial fan and Keeler Dunes Complex, Owens (dry) Lake, California, were characterized. Construction of flood control berms (1954, 1967) cut off surface overflow events on the alluvial fan, resulting in subsequent very low plant cover and significant sand movement. Hydrologic modeling and analysis of plant cover and sand movement from aerial photos were combined to document and explain changes in plant cover in the study area for upland vegetation and groundwater-dependent vegetation. Where hydrologic factors dominated, upland vegetation was observed to have much lower cover (median 6%) than groundwater-dependent vegetation (median 41%) and much higher variability throughout the 1944 to 2012 study period. For upland vegetation, simulated potential plant cover was 9.2% and this declined to 4.4% when channel flow inputs were eliminated due to berm construction. Areas with minimal sand movement over the study period expressed actual plant cover similar to simulated levels. Areas with significant sand movement, however, had much lower plant cover than simulated potential values and areas with flood flow inputs had much higher cover. The decline in plant cover from 9.2 to 4.4% resulted in an estimated 4.4-fold greater sand movement (normalized sand flux increased from 14% to 62% relative to 100% for bare soil). The sensitivity of surface stability at low vegetation cover and the potential for hydrologic changes to reduce vegetation cover in this range illustrates how hydrology and sand movement interactions can destabilize sensitive sand dunes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875963722000039/pdfft?md5=c0caadb2c3e17d1c0c0e7cad73e5a863&pid=1-s2.0-S1875963722000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46646041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of wind speed averaging time on the study of soil wind erosion on typical land surfaces","authors":"Yaping Shen ,&nbsp;Chunlai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yajing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wind erosion studies based on wind speed of different averaging times always weaken the effect of effective wind force and wind speed fluctuation, and produce large errors in wind erosion assessment. To quantitatively reveal the time scale effect of average wind speed on wind erosion research, this study analyzed the changes in wind speed distribution, as well as that in wind erosion event statistics and wind erosion amount calculation under different statistical time intervals, based on field observations. To further eliminate this time scale effect, wind speed conversion relationships of different averaging times were established through quantile matching of wind speed distribution function. The results show that as the averaging time increases: (1) both high and low wind speeds are filtered, making the proportion of medium wind speeds increasing, and wind speed distribution gets narrow significantly; (2) both the number and cumulative duration of wind erosion events decrease exponentially; (3) wind erosion amount corresponding to different wind speed grades differ significantly; (4) a continuous conversion equation between wind speed of different averaging times and that of one minute were established; (5) the time scale effect on different surface types are significantly different. In general, by using the statistical characteristics of wind speed distribution innovatively and considering difference in land surface properties, this study established an empirical wind speed conversion model on typical wind erosion surfaces, which will improve the evaluation accuracy of soil wind erosion intensity, and provide basis for the construction of process-based soil wind erosion model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43353571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and source of coastal loess in Shandong Peninsula, Bohai Sea, China: Implications for dust aggradation in respond to sea-level change","authors":"Xiaodong Miao ,&nbsp;Chongyi E. ,&nbsp;Shujian Xu ,&nbsp;Qiansuo Wang ,&nbsp;Paul R. Hanson ,&nbsp;Haitao Chen ,&nbsp;Yunkun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal loess is a unique and intriguing eolian sediment on Earth, but understanding its formation time, provenance, composition and the geomorphic processes<span><span> that resulted in its accumulation is very limited compared to its inland counterpart. In this paper, we focused on a loess section at Xiazhupan (XZP) Village, Penglai City in Shandong Peninsula<span>, the only known coastal loess bluffs preserved in China. The coastal loess here not only has characteristics that are common to loess terrains such as being composed of predominantly silt-sized particles and the tendency to stand in vertical exposures, but it also reportedly preserves planktonic foraminifera, sizable pebbles and volcanic glass. In addition to its peculiar near-shore locality, these features make it more unusual compared to other loess deposits. Systematic optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL and pIRIR) and </span></span>radiocarbon dating<span><span> reveal it was deposited mostly during 60–20 ka, Marine Isotope Stage<span><span> (MIS) 4-2, which correlates to the deposition of the Malan loess (L1) in the Chinese Loess Plateau. High-resolution grain size data indicate that the coastal loess is relatively coarse-grained, suggesting a source terrain that is at least partially proximal. Given its proximal source and the geochronological evidence, this coastal loess was sourced from the exposed continental shelf during the sea-level lowstand of the </span>last glacial period, and this hypothesis is further supported by a core collected from the Bohai Sea in which silt was present and would have been subaerially exposed during MIS 4-2. In addition, this source area of exposed continental shelf is comparable to coastal loess in Europe. The coastal loess in Shandong can be regarded as a special type of desert or dryland loess, rather than glacial loess. Finally, future </span></span>sea level rise<span> will likely increase the erosion potential of these vulnerable coastal loess bluffs, making it urgent to study this special landform.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46428969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}