Energy for Sustainable Development最新文献

{"title":"Spatial vulnerability of energy poverty among the households in Odisha","authors":"Deepak Panda ,&nbsp;Rudra P. Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy poverty, generally defined by the dependence on traditional solid fuels or lack of access to modern energy sources, continues to be a major hurdle in Odisha. This deficiency impedes progress towards SDG7 and has cascading negative effects on other SDGs. Various policy initiatives have endeavoured to expand access to modern energy services but accurate identification of energy-deprived households remains a persistent obstacle. To address this critical gap, the present research employs a multidimensional approach to gauge energy poverty in Odisha. By leveraging a combination of household survey data and geospatial techniques, this framework captures the nuanced realities of energy poverty at the household level. This comprehensive data collection culminates in the construction of a robust energy poverty index. Principal component analysis extracted underlying factors from collected data, with the resulting vector determining the principal components. Subsequently, energy poverty scores were computed for each household by taking a weighted sum of the principal components, where the weight is derived from the variance. Finally, district-level energy poverty indices are calculated by averaging the scores of resident households. This comprehensive analysis unveils a stark disparity in energy poverty between rural and urban areas of Odisha. Furthermore, it sheds light on concerning regional variations, highlighting the challenging situations faced by hilly northern districts and tribal-dominated southern districts. The insights gleaned from this in-depth analysis are intended to equip policymakers and stakeholders with valuable knowledge to formulate targeted interventions, which can bridge the energy deprivation gap and achieve equitable and affordable energy access for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rooftop solar PV in Bhutan: A systemic analysis of feed-in-tariff program","authors":"Hari Kumar Suberi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif ,&nbsp;Talha Bin Nadeem","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are critical to the global electrification efforts, especially in the rural and remote communities of the developing countries. This study analyses the prospects of a feed-in-tariff program for solar PV systems in Bhutan. It is based on the analysis of a pilot project covering 361 households in rural areas of Bhutan. A mix of qualitative and quantitative methods is applied, which captures the multi-disciplinary variables and generates primary data from the pilot project in Bhutan. The two critical variables argued are user acceptability and financial sustainability in the long-term in the context of access to clean energy and empowerment in rural areas. From the field data assessment, it was found that the low existing energy tariff has a cybernetic effect on user acceptability and the financial sustainability of the solar PV feed-in-tariff system in Bhutan. The current tariff rate for low voltage (LV) consumers is $ 0.038/kWh whereas the solar energy generation cost ranges between $ 0.04–0.045/kWh considering the PV project life of 25 years. The findings of the study suggest that users are willing to accept the feed-in-tariff as an enabler for rural livelihood provided the tariff rate is reasonable (at least in the range $ 0.05 to 0.07/kWh) to sustain the capital investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the bioenergy potential of abandoned cropland in China: Toward an optimal distribution of bioenergy crops","authors":"Junjie Wang,&nbsp;Fengsong Pei,&nbsp;Tingting Kang,&nbsp;Peng Cheng,&nbsp;Kuiqi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioenergy has gained wide attention due to its potential to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Abandoned cropland is a promising option for cultivating bioenergy crops, as it does not compete with food production. The vast amount of abandoned cropland in China provides extensive opportunities for the development of bioenergy. However, the bioenergy potential of China's abandoned cropland remains unclear. In this study, we identified abandoned cropland in China for the period of 2000–2020. Based on this, we estimated the bioenergy potential from conventional food crops (maize and wheat), and perennial bioenergy crops (miscanthus and switchgrass), on the abandoned cropland in China. We optimized the planting of conventional food and two perennial bioenergy crops by maximizing crop yield and accounting for water limits. The results show that 29.49 Mha of abandoned cropland was found in the past twenty years. Spatially, it was mainly located in eastern China with relatively high soil quality, in contrast to that in the U.S. and Europe. By optimizing the crop distribution on abandoned cropland, the bioenergy potential primarily shows a spatial distribution of higher potential in the south and lower potential in the north, with a total yield reaching 9.52 EJ. This is approximately 1.43 times higher than that of solely cultivating miscanthus and 8.28 times that of wheat. This potential accounts for 6 % of China's total primary energy consumption in 2022 and 7.66 % of the carbon emission peak target for 2030. It holds significant importance for the national emission reduction strategy. These findings highlight the immense bioenergy potential of abandoned cropland, providing support for the development of bioenergy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load profiles of residential off-grid solar systems on the Navajo Nation","authors":"Henry Louie ,&nbsp;Scott O'Shea ,&nbsp;Stanley Atcitty ,&nbsp;Derrick Terry ,&nbsp;Darrick Lee ,&nbsp;Peter Romine","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Standalone off-grid electrical systems, no matter where they are deployed or for what user class, are designed based upon the load they are expected to serve. State-of-the-art computerized off-grid system design tools require the user to specify the expected load profile, that is, how the power consumption changes throughout the day. Often, this is at an hourly resolution, and some characterization of the distribution of power around the average values may be required. Specifying realistic and reasonable load profiles is a barrier to the appropriate design of standalone systems. This research extends previous studies on daily energy consumption of residential solar-powered off-grid systems on the Navajo Nation to provide hourly load profiles, statistical characteristics, and probabilistic models. The data analyzed come from 90 homes over a two-year period. K-means clustering is used to identify prototypical normalized load profiles when the data are grouped by year, season, weekday, and weekend. Eight parametric probability density functions are fit to the grouped data at an hourly resolution. Their fit to the data is evaluated using the Cramér-von Mises (CvM) statistic. The results show that the load profiles tend to be night-peaking and that Log Normal and Gumbel distributions can reasonably model variation in the data. The load profiles and probabilistic models can be used in off-grid design software and to synthesize load profiles for design and future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening commercial viability through greater inclusiveness in rural mini-grid deployment: Insights from Nigeria and Kenya","authors":"Temilade Sesan ,&nbsp;Adriana Fajardo ,&nbsp;Lucy Baker ,&nbsp;Unico Uduka ,&nbsp;Mourice Kausya ,&nbsp;Daniel Kerr ,&nbsp;Elsie Onsongo ,&nbsp;Okechukwu Ugwu ,&nbsp;Ewah Eleri ,&nbsp;Subhes Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amidst the prevalence of energy poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, mini grids have emerged in recent years as a promising solution, not only to bridge lingering electricity access gaps, but also to revitalise rural economies. The realisation of this promise however depends on the extent to which business models, i.e., the value that mini-grid companies offer to different customer segments, are able to respond to the peculiar needs of the largely low-income, agrarian contexts in which they operate. Private developers across the region have been especially innovative in evolving mini-grid business models over time; nonetheless, achieving the goal of commercial viability while serving the majority of rural dwellers remains elusive. Our paper analyses how two private mini-grid developers in Nigeria and Kenya have approached this challenge, introducing business models that address the needs of small-scale farmers for growth while targeting increased revenue for their respective companies. These cases provide evidence for the added value of employing a “KeyStarter” model – one in which developers begin to facilitate inputs early on in agricultural value chains, in addition to the latter-stage investments emphasised in conventional approaches to powering the agriculture-energy nexus. Our analysis is grounded in the premise that broad-based development should be pursued in tandem with electricity access provision in low-income agrarian communities across Africa. We conclude that significant financial and policy support, as well as further research and iteration, will be required to realise the potential of the KeyStarter model to resolve the twin challenges of mini-grid viability and inclusiveness at scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National goal, local resistance: How institutional gaps hinder local renewable energy development in Taiwan","authors":"Chia-Ling Shen ,&nbsp;Hsing-Sheng Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In most countries, energy transitions are well supported by the public; however, the implementation of renewable energy policies at the local level is often beset with resistance. Previous research has mainly focused on factors influencing community acceptance and strategies to improve social acceptance. Meanwhile, there has been limited analysis of the institutional gaps that lead to local resistance and the dynamic effects of institutional factors on renewable energy implementation at the local level. This paper thus investigates Taiwan's regulations for renewable energy development, presenting a detailed case study from a local context. It examines the factors contributing to local resistance to the implementation of national renewable energy policy targets and explores the dynamics of these resistance actions. Furthermore, through the lens of multi-level governance, the study reveals the institutional gaps and interactions that influence the execution of national policy at the local level. Six major institutional gaps in Taiwan's renewable energy governance were identified, including the lack of energy governance authorizations for local governments, a lack of superordinate site selection criteria and evaluation mechanisms for development zones, lack of governance systems that can address multiple issues, lack of scientific and academic information, lack of information disclosure and public participation mechanisms, and the burden of carbon reduction responsibilities and costs on local communities with few or no benefits. Compounded together, these six institutional gaps lead to the buildup of negative experiences interacting with the government and the renewable energy industry and feelings of worry, panic, distrust, and injustice among the local populace. These ultimately trigger resistance attitudes and the adoption of protest actions, hindering solar farm developments from reaching national policy targets. This study highlights the critical role of multi-level governance in facilitating the energy transition, emphasizing that the successful development of renewable energy requires a robust institutional framework. Such a framework is essential for addressing the complex governance challenges that arise during this transition, particularly aspects supporting local engagement. The six institutional gaps identified from the Taiwan case can serve as policy references for countries or cities intending to promote ground-mounted solar power.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the levelized cost of hydrogen production from fossil energy and renewable energy in China","authors":"Yu Tang,&nbsp;Yiming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of the low-carbon energy transition, hydrogen energy has garnered significant attention as a promising energy option. This study employs the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) model to analyze the production costs and cost structures of nine hydrogen production processes with identical production scales. The results indicate that: (1) The hydrogen production by coal gasification (CGH) has a cost advantage (10.07 RMB/kg), but it is associated with high carbon dioxide emissions. After coupling CCUS technology, the LCOH of hydrogen production from coal gasification is 11.45 RMB/kg, an increase of about 14 %, which is 43 % lower than that of hydrogen production from natural gas reforming coupled with CCUS (19.94–20.06 RMB/kg), and 65–70 % lower than that of hydrogen production from water electrolysis (33.30–38.42 RMB/kg). (2) In large-scale production, hydrogen production from municipal solid waste also shows strong economic competitiveness (10.95 RMB/kg), only 9 % higher than the coal gasification to hydrogen process. (3) Sensitivity analysis reveals that the LCOH of fossil fuel-based hydrogen production and hydrogen production from municipal solid waste is significantly affected by carbon taxes and raw material price fluctuations. In contrast, LCOH from water electrolysis is more vulnerable to fluctuations in electricity prices. (4) In an ideal scenario, if China's hydrogen production industry adopts a hydrogen production method that combines renewable energy with water electrolysis, the industry's carbon reduction potential could reach approximately 800 million tons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ideational impacts of Indonesia's renewable energy project failures","authors":"Hafidz Wibisono ,&nbsp;Jon Lovett ,&nbsp;Maulidia Savira Chairani ,&nbsp;Siti Suryani","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transitioning to a sustainable future involves a comprehensive shift into a new technical configuration and set of institutional arrangements. Despite global efforts to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs), many energy projects have failed due to technical and institutional problems and misunderstandings. Failure leads to uncertainty at the end of long-term transformative change, but discussion of failure in socio-technical transitions has been limited as the current body of knowledge focuses primarily on highlighting ‘winning’ innovations and their historical path. Exploring project failure can potentially reveal the misalignments in socio-technological configurations that lead to stagnation in progression of transition trajectories. Failures have discursive implications as they can result in a period of instability and so trigger actors to revisit their commitment towards transition visions and effectiveness of trajectories. This article contributes to debates around project failures by tracing their impact on overarching ideas of transition. The case of Sumba Iconic Island (SII), as one of the strategic efforts of Indonesia's energy transition, is selected for an in-depth exploration. Our analysis found that the ideational power of SII, which is embedded in the overarching discourse of Indonesia's energy transition, is relatively stable despite numerous technical and managerial failures. However, people's trust in renewable energy ambition has been diminished as centralised diesel-generated electricity offers better reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the photovoltaic potential at urban level based on parameterization and multi criteria decision-making (MCDM): A case study and new methodological approach","authors":"Jing Yifan ,&nbsp;Zhu Li ,&nbsp;Wang Jianghua ,&nbsp;Wang Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an important technology for producing green energy, photovoltaic(PV) power generation can be deployed in various urban scenarios to reduce environmental pollution and promote energy transformation and sustainable development. In this paper, parametric method and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) are introduced into urban PV potential assessment to improve the accuracy of the assessment. Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China was selected for the case study. The constructed combination analysis method supports the key phases of the assessment process, including land classification, PV available area calculation and PV technology optimization deployment. The solar radiation receiving capacity of the plots is calculated by using the parameterization method, and a weighting on the four PV criteria of power generation capacity, economic cost, environmental impact and aesthetics is calculated by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The best PV deployment scheme is determined by TOPSIS. The evaluation results show that the PV potential of Xinghualing District is 2790.5GWh per year, and the plot type with the highest power generation potential is multi-storey residential, which reaches 635.9GWh per year. The PV potential of the high-rise buildings lies more in their facade. The area with the highest PV potential in the region is located in the southwest, with dense buildings and of complex function. The proposed method in the case study takes into account the different requirements of different plots and building skins for the PV deployment, which improves the accuracy of the assessment. The research provides methods and theoretical support for establishing a widely accepted and promotable urban photovoltaic potential precise prediction model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of electric agriculture and mobility for the least-cost rural electrification strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Korbinian Götz,&nbsp;Philipp Rosner,&nbsp;Irénée Froissart,&nbsp;Markus Lienkamp","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2024.101581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrification is a crucial driver of rural development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), yet progress is often impeded by low demand density, particularly for grid extension. Despite the promising potential of stand-alone and mini-grid systems, rural areas frequently lag behind due to their low economic viability in electrification. Simultaneously, the mechanization of agriculture and the motorization of transport offer the opportunity to increase economic activity. This publication explores the role of electric vehicles (EVs) and electric tractors (ETs) in rural electrification scenarios.</div><div>We present a methodology to quantify the theoretical impact of EVs and ETs on SSA’s electrification strategies, applied specifically to Nigeria and Chad. Our simulations in Nigeria reveal that not only supply options with higher capacity are needed, but that EVs have the potential to lower the cost of electricity (LCOE) by an average of 54 %, and ETs have the potential to reduce LCOE by 49 %, depending on local mobility and mechanization demand. Rural areas with significant cropland particularly benefit from using ETs to achieve cheaper electricity access. In Chad, where grid infrastructure is minimal, our assessment shows that EVs and ETs can significantly influence least-cost electrification strategies. By 2030, mini-grids will become the least-cost supply option for 60<!--> <!-->% of the newly connected population, compared to just 13<!--> <!-->% when only residential demand is considered.</div><div>Our methodology advances the widely used ONSSET electrification planning model to estimate the maximum joint potential of electrified agriculture, electric mobility and adapted rural electrification strategies. Our approach involves geospatially estimating energy demands using macroscopic available population, land cover, and infrastructure data. The findings underscore the importance of jointly implementing EVs and ETs and electrification strategies for technology leapfrogging, highlighting the economic viability and potential of EVs and ETs in rural scenarios. The results provide policymakers with quantitative indicators on the impact of the implementation for Nigeria and Chad.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}