Energy for Sustainable Development最新文献

{"title":"Political economy of energy policy in Indonesia towards net zero emissions by 2060","authors":"Alfian Massagony ,&nbsp;Ram Pandit ,&nbsp;Benedict White","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indonesia committed to achieving net-zero emissions (NZE) by 2060 as part of its obligations under the Paris Agreement. However, Indonesia still relies heavily on coal and other fossil fuels for its energy needs, presenting obstacles to achieving this target. We explore the factors influencing Indonesia's NZE-related energy policy and the associated challenges by analysing relevant literature, as well as interviews and surveys conducted with the country's energy experts. Using a political economy framework for our analysis, we find that, despite recognising the adverse effects of climate change, Indonesia's energy policy continues to focus on meeting the energy demand for national development from conventional sources rather than shifting decisively towards cleaner energy. This focus is driven not only by the government's commitment to fulfilling energy demands but also by the influence of certain actors who actively promote their agendas. Indonesia's two main challenges to achieving NZE are institutional and technical. Institutional challenges include the lack of a comprehensive policy framework, insufficient funding, and inadequate coordination among government institutions. Technical challenges include reducing energy intensity, lowering emissions from electricity generation, decreasing emissions in key economic areas (transportation, industry, and households), adopting carbon capture technologies, and reducing energy poverty. To achieve net zero by 2060, Indonesia needs a legally binding policy with clear strategies to address these challenges in the energy transition. This policy should include support for private investments in clean energy projects, the reduction of fossil fuel subsidies, promoting renewable energy development, and improving energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 101757"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing site selection for wind, solar, and hydropower: A comparative analysis of resource sustainability using resources time footprint","authors":"Xiaoxun Huang ,&nbsp;Kiichiro Hayashi ,&nbsp;Minoru Fujii ,&nbsp;Linwei Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving carbon neutrality necessitates the integration of renewable energy into existing energy systems. However, most studies on renewable energy site selection focus on individual technologies, often prioritizing a single energy source and failing to account for spatial variability across regions. Here, a novel framework is presented that addresses both site and source selection for distributed renewable energy infrastructure, guided by the principle of resource sustainability. The resource sustainability of small hydropower (SHP), onshore wind power, and rooftop solar photovoltaics (PVs) was compared, and integrated preferential areas were demonstrated. Firstly, the power generation potential of these technologies was estimated, and then their resource sustainability was compared using the resources time footprint (RTF) in terms of materials, CO₂ emissions, land, and labor. The preferential areas for these technologies by applying RTF have been identified as a case study in Fujian, China. The total estimated annual electricity generation potential is 5.1 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁴ GWh for onshore wind power and 1.5<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁵ GWh for rooftop solar PV, while individual SHP plants each generate between 0.4 and 32 GWh in Fujian Province. ∆RTF of material is the largest for solar PVs due to the usage of silver for multi-Si module production. The potential of SHP and onshore wind power to reduce CO₂ emissions is higher than that of solar PV systems. The land occupancy of SHP is greater than that of wind power. ∆RTF of labor is the largest for SHP, followed by wind power and solar PV. Wind power has the smallest average overall ∆RTF (−44.38 years), compared with SHP (−30.38 years) and solar PVs (46.38 years), indicating that wind energy is the most sustainable in the study area. The developed framework offers critical insights for site selection in preliminary planning phases and could be adapted for broader geographic applications, supporting a sustainable energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurpose of abandoned mini-grids in rural areas: Analysis of potential strategies","authors":"Iván Segura-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ramchandra Bhandari ,&nbsp;Souleymane Sanogo","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity access remains a major challenge in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries, where traditional grid extension is impractical. Mini-grids are a key off-grid alternative, but their implementation is hampered by early abandonment. This leads to stranded assets, ineffective use of public funds, and reduced investment in rural electrification. This study aims to identify strategies for repurposing abandoned mini-grids. Through a qualitative assessment of abandoned cases, technical failure and main grid arrival were identified as the primary reasons behind this issue. While technical failure must be addressed through preventive measures to avoid interruptions in electricity supply, repurposing strategies can enhance the use of abandoned assets after grid encroachment. An economic analysis of two case studies—a 15 kW micro-hydro power (MHP) mini-grid in Nepal and a 50 kWp solar photovoltaic (PV) mini-grid in Mali—revealed that the viability of these strategies is context-specific. This was complemented by a sensitivity analysis of key parameters. In Nepal, the current situation does not encourage the repurposing of small-scale mini-grids, having a maximum Levelized Profit of Electricity (LPOE) of 0.13 €ct/kWh for post-interconnection. In other scenarios, green hydrogen production reaches an LPOE of up to 10.32 €ct/kWh under favourable investment costs and hydrogen price conditions. In Mali, post-interconnection options are cost-effective due to the tariff levels and low interconnection costs, with a current LPOE of 5.09 €ct/kWh and a maximum value of 8.80 €ct/kWh. These findings underscore the importance of national policies and regulatory frameworks in supporting the repurposing of mini-grids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101762"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI as a solution for tackling the sustainable energy challenge in developing countries","authors":"The Cuong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds significant promise for advancing sustainable energy in developing countries by enhancing electricity demand forecasting and optimizing power grids to reduce energy losses. However, challenges such as inaccurate data during disruptions like natural disasters or cyberattacks necessitate cautious implementation. High costs of AI adoption, coupled with the need for robust digital infrastructure and skilled workforces, pose barriers, as many nations struggle with training and standardization. Privacy issues from detailed consumption tracking can spark public resistance, requiring transparent systems to build trust. Dependence on foreign AI technologies raises energy security concerns, emphasizing the importance of domestic innovation. Successful AI deployment demands coordinated efforts among government, industry, and research to establish clear policies that address conflicts and ensure sustainability. These factors are critical for harnessing AI to achieve efficient and equitable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Net-zero Turkey: Renewable energy potential and implementation challenges","authors":"Oguzhan Gulaydin,&nbsp;Monjur Mourshed","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turkey (<em>Türkiye</em>) aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2053, yet remains heavily reliant on fossil fuel imports, accounting for more than 70% of its total energy use. The energy sector is also the largest contributor to national greenhouse gas emissions, responsible for 71.8% of the total in 2022. Renewables comprised 59.4% of installed capacity by energy source in 2024 and generated 45.5% of the electricity consumed. This research presents an original synthesis of energy data in Turkey through a meta-analysis of renewable energy potential, complemented by a comprehensive assessment of national demand–supply dynamics and literature. The analysis identifies critical gaps between theoretical potential and actual implementation, revealing underutilisation of available resources. Solar potential is estimated at 380<!--> <!-->TWh/year, yet only 25<!--> <!-->TWh is currently produced. Similarly, only 13<!--> <!-->GW of a 48<!--> <!-->GW wind potential is installed. Geothermal installed capacity stands at 4.5<!--> <!-->GW˙e, utilising 38.4% of the potential. Reservoir levels in several basins critical to hydropower have declined since 2010, with Gediz experiencing a reduction of 45.5%. These trends, driven by climate variability and overuse, have adversely affected hydropower generation in regions where water availability has become increasingly unreliable. Geographical mismatches in demand and supply exist—demand centres are located in the industrial northwest, whereas optimal generation sites are in remote areas, necessitating significant infrastructure investment. Barriers to scaling renewables deployment include grid and storage limitations, regulatory constraints, and inadequate infrastructure. Meeting the projected 2035 electricity demand of 511<!--> <!-->TWh sustainably requires the prioritisation of resource optimisation alongside capacity expansion. The net-zero energy transition requires modernising existing facilities, integrating storage solutions, enhancing grid infrastructure, and developing comprehensive policy frameworks for large-scale and distributed renewable energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different ground surfaces and seasonal changes on the technical and economic performance of photovoltaic modules in South Korea","authors":"Salh Alhammadi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hanif Ainun Azhar ,&nbsp;Seokjin Jang ,&nbsp;Sungho Chang ,&nbsp;Jae Hak Jung ,&nbsp;Woo Kyoung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One string of monofacial and bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules were installed over white and concrete ground surfaces. The system was monitored for 2 years to see the long-term performance of the system especially during the high electricity-demand period of summer. The study revealed that the albedo of white concrete surface is constantly higher than the conventional one. However, the bifacial gain on concrete was found to be significantly lower in the summer. Relative albedo and bifacial gain calculation concluded that the white surface kept a stable reflected-irradiance in the summer, thus properly maintaining its albedo and bifacial gain compared with the concrete surface. A levelized cost of energy (LCOE) calculation showed a lower LCOE on white surface, which justified the higher capital cost to paint the concrete. All findings showed that painting PV module-mounting surfaces white has advantages in terms of radiation reflection and stability, power generation, and economics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101758"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating rooftop photovoltaics into urban rail infrastructure: A life cycle assessment with environmental impacts and localization insights","authors":"Burcu Uzun Ayvaz,&nbsp;Burcu Onat","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global energy transition increasingly prioritizes rooftop photovoltaic (PV) applications, particularly in urban environments, supported by incentive schemes and regulatory frameworks. Assessing the environmental performance of emerging PV technologies is critical for ensuring sustainable development and maximizing long-term benefits. This study conducts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of a 1956.15 kilowatt-peak (kWp) grid-connected rooftop PV system utilizing Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell (PERC) technology, slated for installation on the workshop building of a rail transit facility in Istanbul, Türkiye. The assessment encompasses the entire life cycle, including module manufacturing, balance of system (BoS) components, installation, operation/use, and end-of-life (EoL) stages. The results indicate that PV module production constitutes the primary environmental hotspot. Under the baseline scenario, the system's Global Warming Potential (GWP) is estimated at 55.1 g of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour (g CO₂ eq./kWh), with an anticipated annual avoidance of approximately 867.26 metric tons of CO₂ eq. relative to 2025 grid electricity. Notably, this study is among the first to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of supply chain localization for PV systems in Türkiye, demonstrating a 30.8 % GWP reduction through domestic manufacturing. Despite projected increases in renewable energy within the Turkish grid, rooftop PV remains a low-carbon alternative, with estimated GWP reductions of 85.5 % and 81.7 % by 2030 and 2035, respectively. However, other environmental burdens, such as resource use, minerals and metals (ADP-ultimate) during the manufacturing phase, are also warrant attention. A dedicated review of solar PV deployment in rail systems-rarely addressed in LCA literature-provides actionable insights for policymakers and urban planners, reinforcing the interdisciplinary relevance of the findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational design of off-river Pumped Hydro Energy Storage (PHES): An alternative to conventional river-based PHES","authors":"Diyono Diyono ,&nbsp;Hans Cappon ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kujawa-Roeleveld ,&nbsp;Karel J. Keesman","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional river-based PHES is a mature energy storage technology but frequently faces environmental and social issues due to its location near rivers. This study presents an hourly operational analysis of off-river PHES as an alternative to conventional PHES to support renewable electricity generation. A case study using Java-Bali data from Indonesia was conducted. It shows that the upper reservoir of the PHES system (5.1 TWh) at an elevation of 200 m between the reservoirs minimally requires an area of 6.64 × 10⁸ m² and leads to a maximum water level rise in the upper reservoir of 14 m if all excess energy is stored. Optimization of hourly operation shows that typically, during a few hours in the afternoon, water needs to be pumped from the lower to the upper reservoir. Ultimately, this paper illustrates hourly operational design and optimization based on heads, weather, and energy demand-supply data for the PHES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101754"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic assessment and the impact of policy instruments on electric two-wheelers in Vietnam","authors":"Nguyen Thanh Trung ,&nbsp;Yeliz Simsek ,&nbsp;Dinh Van Hiep ,&nbsp;Tania Urmee","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes the total cost of ownership (TCO) of electric two-wheelers (E2Ws) versus internal combustion engine two-wheelers (ICE-2Ws) in Vietnam, assessing their economic viability and adoption factors. It examines the impact of policy instruments like subsidies on affordability and market competitiveness while evaluating E2Ws' practicality in supporting Vietnam's clean energy transition. This study indicates that while E-Motorcycle has the highest TCO, followed by ICE-A motorcycles, E-Bikes have the lowest TCO. The E-motorcycle's high TCO indicates that premium electric models still face financial challenges in terms of overall affordability. Reduction in sticker price emerges as the most effective incentive, offering the largest decrease in TCO. Lower cost electric two-wheelers, such as E-Bikes, which have lower performance, are currently less expensive than two-wheelers running on internal combustion engines. Mid-range electric two-wheelers, such as E-Mopeds, which offer moderate performance, are priced similarly to manual motorbikes, the most popular model in Vietnam. Within the same segment, E2Ws offer better economic performance for owners compared to their ICE counterparts over time due to its lower fuel and maintenance costs accumulate and offset the battery replacement expenses. The analysis in this study indicates that while E2Ws are cost-effective for short-range travel, their economic viability diminishes with increasing travel distance due to lower fuel and maintenance costs accumulate and offset the battery replacement expenses. This underscores the need for targeted incentives and technological advancements to make E2Ws more competitive for broader use cases. Moreover, higher battery capacity helps reduce operating costs, significantly impacting the reduction of their TCO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance challenges of renewable energy development in fossil fuel dependent countries with a focus on Iran","authors":"Ashraf Sadat Pasandideh ,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Ezaan","doi":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.esd.2025.101759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the challenges and opportunities in developing renewable energy sources in Iran, a country with significant potential for solar and wind power. Using a grounded theory approach, we analyze the factors influencing the slow progress of renewable energy adoption despite favorable conditions and policy intentions. Through interviews with key stakeholders and document analysis, we identify critical causal, contextual, and intervening conditions affecting renewable energy development. Our findings reveal a complex interplay of economic, political, and social factors hindering the transition from fossil fuels to renewables. We propose a paradigm model that elucidates the relationships between these factors and offers strategies for overcoming barriers to renewable energy adoption. This research contributes to the growing field of transitional studies in socio-technical energy systems and provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in Countries that are dependent on fossil fuel resources and seeking to accelerate their renewable energy transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49209,"journal":{"name":"Energy for Sustainable Development","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 101759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}