Journal of Agromedicine最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Interventions to Reduce Pesticide Exposure Among Farmers: Application of an Intervention Mapping Approach to Development.","authors":"Akram Karimi-Shahanjarini, Mohammad Javad Assari, Jalal Poorolajal, Forouzan Rezapur-Shahkolai, Maryam Afshari","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2539975","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2539975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considering the intricate complexity of pesticide management, we applied the intervention mapping approach to develop, implement, and evaluate two interventions aimed at improving protective behaviors and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), thereby reducing pesticide exposure among farmers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the steps of the Intervention Mapping (IM) process. First, a needs assessment was conducted, including a case study and a cross-sectional survey. Subsequently, the program outcomes and change objectives were specified. This was followed by program design and program production focusing on creating a culturally appropriate program. Finally, we conducted a three-armed randomized trial: 201 farmers were equally assigned to 1) education-only (<i>n</i> = 67); 2) education plus PPE provision (<i>n</i> = 67); or 3) control (<i>n</i> = 67) groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed group × time interaction for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was significant (<i>p</i> = .001). There was significantly increased AChE activity in the two intervention groups compared with controls (education-only <i>p</i> = .037; combined <i>p</i> = .001), with no between-intervention difference (<i>p</i> = 1.00). For protective behavior, both interventions did better than the controls (<i>p</i> = .001 for both), and self-reported use of PPE revealed the combined intervention did better than education-only (<i>p</i> = .030).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results showed both interventions improved outcomes. Given its lower cost and high feasibility, educational intervention seems particularly suitable to more widespread use in farmer health programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"701-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural Supervisors' Perspectives on Occupational Wildfire Smoke Rules.","authors":"Julie Postma, Molly Parker, Sheila Hurst, Juliana Romo, Janessa M Graves","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2498342","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2498342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to 1) explore perceptions of air quality (AQ) monitoring, hazard communication, health impacts of smoke exposure, protective controls and training needs among agricultural supervisors in alignment with the major elements of the wildfire smoke rule, and 2) compare survey responses by the language in which the survey was completed to identify training needs by group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bilingual personnel administered a 29-question survey in Spanish and English to agricultural supervisors and crew chiefs at two industry trainings in Washington (WA) State (12/2023, 1/2024). Data were analyzed in SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data with chi-squared tests for group comparisons by language.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 116 surveys were collected, with 61% completed in Spanish. Almost one-fifth (18%) of respondents reported \"hypertension/cardiovascular disease\" as a condition that impacts their own health, and 19% reported \"asthma/respiratory disease.\" Of respondents, 80% agreed they have been exposed to wildfire smoke at work, and 77% reported they supervised workers who have been exposed to smoke. A significantly greater proportion of completers in Spanish (90%) reported being concerned with their own health and their workers' health in relation to smoke exposure than those completing in English (64%). Most (81%) respondents agreed they can recognize signs/symptoms when a worker is not feeling well due to smoke exposure, but only 63% reported having had training on managing workers with smoke-related symptoms. N95 masks were identified as the most realistic protective control to implement when wildfire smoke is present. There were significant differences by language group regarding what resources respondents identified as accurate for AQ monitoring at work. Most respondents (79%) had heard of the wildfire smoke rule in Washington.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wildfire smoke is an occupational health threat for outdoors workers that is expected to increase. Supervisors who work in agricultural workplaces are required by law in Washington, Oregon, and California to monitor AQ, manage workers' symptoms, and implement protective controls at certain AQ thresholds. Study findings identify gaps in these areas and will support ongoing training of a critical subsector of the agricultural workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"789-800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tribute to the \"Czarina of the Children of the World!\"","authors":"Barbara C Lee","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2513211","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2513211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"665-667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Landscape of Farmer Mental Health Programs in the US Midwest.","authors":"Florence Becot, Sarah Ruszkowski, Carrie Henning-Smith, Andrea Bjornestad","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2517842","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2517842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Agricultural sector crises have historically led to a sharp increase in resources for farmers' mental health. Yet, our understanding of the effectiveness, acceptability, and long-term sustainability of these is limited, and research rarely assesses the offering of programming within a geographic region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted online environmental scans in 2019 and 2022 (a period that encapsulates a farm income crisis and the height of the COVID-19 pandemic) in three Midwest states to understand: 1) what the mental health programming landscape looks like, 2) how it has evolved in response to crises, and 3) the progress made toward addressing major stressors and key barriers to care.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The number of organizations providing resources more than quadrupled, and the number of programs and resources more than tripled. Organizations most represented shifted from the farm sector in 2019 to the health sector in 2022. Educational material remained most prevalent, followed by programming to increase health care access. Meanwhile, the share of programming addressing key stressors was halved. Programming was overwhelmingly targeted at the farm population over service providers, with visual representations overall lacking diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings around the sharp increases in programming and organizations involved hint at challenges connected to the coordination and sustainability of programming. The emphasis on addressing the manifestations of mental health challenges in tandem with limited linkages to financial resources raises questions about the efficacy and acceptability of programming. It also hints at the potential (re)enforcement of norms and stigma around mental health and help-seeking.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"765-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health, Safety, and Aging in Elderly Farmers in the United States and Beyond: A Systematic Scoping Review.","authors":"Shuang Li, June T Spector, Sang D Choi, Meng Zhao, Erika Scott, Cassandra M Germain, Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2539127","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2539127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Understanding elderly farmers' health and risk factors is fundamental to preventing agricultural injuries and illnesses as the farming population ages. Few reviews have focused on how aging impacts farmers' health and safety. This study reviews scientific literature that characterizes aging farmers' physical and mental health, work-related risk factors, and potential interventions to support healthy work and aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In accordance with the framework established by Arksey and O'Malley (2003), we performed a scoping review by systematically searching the following databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Web of Science (via Clarivate), AGRIS, PsycINFO (via APA PsycNet) and Embase (via Elsevier). Studies that examined elderly farmers' health and related risk factors as the primary outcome were included. Eligibility was limited to studies published in English between 1980 and 2024, conducted in the United States or globally. Included publications were organized, thematically coded, and their key findings were synthesized (without meta-analysis).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-six publications were included in the final review. Our review indicates that injuries, chronic and occupational diseases, mental health, health risk factors, aging, and retirement considerations have been reported among aging farmers. Significant gaps were identified in the study of healthy aging farmers, particularly in longitudinal studies assessing the relationship between long-term occupational hazard exposure and adverse health outcomes over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A deeper understanding of aging and farmers' health, particularly through longitudinal panel studies, is needed to develop targeted prevention strategies that sustain productivity until a reasonable retirement age. Additionally, research informs societal and policy interventions that support farmers in transitioning to retirement when appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"812-832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Humeral Kinematic Variability During Farm Task Performance Between Laboratory and Field Agricultural Settings in Saskatchewan.","authors":"Denise Balogh, Loukas Sherlock, Angelica E Lang","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2540579","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2540579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Farmers experience high rates of shoulder injury, necessitating the need to better define the movement demands associated with farm work. Research is needed to determine whether simulating farm work in a laboratory environment will sufficiently capture the movement demands required in authentic agricultural environments. The purpose of this study was to compare variability in farm task performance between laboratory and field locations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inertial measurement units tracked humeral kinematics during four simulated farming work tasks (overhead drill, shovel, climb ladder, seed bag lift) and in three different locations; the laboratory, an agricultural tradeshow (\"Ag in Motion\"), and individual authentic grain/cattle farms. Ten participants per location were sex and age matched. Mean and peak humeral elevation, mean axial rotation, and peak internal and external rotation joint angles were evaluated for the primary \"mover\" arm during each of the tasks. Within and between participant variability, as well as differences in task performance across locations were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The within variability for peak humeral internal rotation during the shovel task was significantly lower in the laboratory compared to Ag in Motion and the farms (F_2,27 = 5.59, <i>p</i> < .01, η² = 0.29). However, within variability was comparable across locations for all other outcomes. Between participant variability was lowest in the laboratory in 12/20 outcomes, lowest at Ag in Motion in 7/20 outcomes, and lowest on the farms in only one outcome, suggesting lower between participant variability in the more highly controlled environments. Finally, significant differences in performance were elicited across locations for the overhead drill, shovel, and climb seeder tasks. Generally, lower humeral elevation and axial rotation occurred in the laboratory environment compared to Ag in Motion or the farms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simulating an occupational task in the laboratory may not fully reflect the demands of the task when performed in real-world settings. While greater between participant variability may be unavoidable in-field due to differences in equipment and other environmental variables, the greater humeral elevation and axial rotation demands elicited in the field environments suggest in-field research is necessary to fully capture the complexity of occupational movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"681-691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sun Safety Knowledge and Practice Among Farmers in a Tropical Rural Community in Southeastern Nigeria.","authors":"Chidinma E Israel, Sunday C Eneje, Ezinwanne B Chukwu, Adaeze C Nwosa","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2563257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2025.2563257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Agriculture provides livelihoods and generates millions of jobs for farmers in tropical sub-Saharan settings. Outdoor farmers, however, are vulnerable to health risks from excess exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. This study assessed the knowledge, practices, and associated factors of sun safety among farmers of the Amaegbu community in Ede-Oballa, Nsukka local government of Enugu State, Southeastern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study design and a purposive sampling technique were employed to select 155 crop farmers living in the study setting. The sample comprised commercial and subsistence (part-time) farmers who cultivate crops either as a primary or supplementary occupation. Data were collected using structured researcher's questionnaire, with a reliability coefficient of 0.926 Croncbach's alpha analysis of data was achieved using descriptive and inferential statistics aided by SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority (89.7%) of the respondents had good knowledge of sun safety. More than half (52.3%, <i>n</i> = 81) had poor practice of sun safety. The overall practice mean score was 2.32 ± 0.75 There was no significant association between the sociodemographic factors of age and gender of farmers and the practice of sun safety (<i>p</i> = .368; <i>p</i> = 086). Sun safety knowledge was also not significantly associated with practice (<i>p</i> = .472). Only educational level was significantly associated with farmers' practice of sun safety (<i>p</i> = .004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite having good knowledge of sun safety, farmers followed poor sun safety practices. It is recommended that farmers should be encouraged to protect themselves from sun radiation to prevent health hazards. Factors responsible for the poor practice revealed in this study despite a good knowledge should be further evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Concerns of Women in Agriculture in the Midwestern United States.","authors":"Cheryl L Beseler, Megan Lutt, Alex Egbuchiem, Ellen G Duysen","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2558539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2025.2558539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In 2022, the USDA Agricultural Census recognized that over one-third of agricultural producers in the United States were female. However, information on the health and safety needs of women working in agriculture is lacking. To help guide the direction of further research to understand the needs of women in agriculture, a brief survey was administered at a conference for agricultural women in the Midwest US. The goal was to understand the priority concerns and whether the concerns differed by age group or by occupational role.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The survey was conducted in person with women attending a Women in Ag Conference in 2024. Participants were asked their age in six categories, whether they were directly involved in agriculture, and how concerned they were about nine health and safety topics using a 5-point Likert scale. Occupational role was determined by classifying the self-reported job description into five categories, academic/professional, academic/professional and agricultural operator, crop producer, livestock producer, and crop and livestock producer (<i>n</i> = 111). Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe the age distribution, occupational roles, and differences in concerns. Correspondence analysis was used to analyze and visualize frequency tables. Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests, and logistic regression were used to explore differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Injuries and respiratory exposures significantly differed between women who were both academic/professionals and agricultural operators and those who were only academic/professional. Academics were similar to crop producers, livestock producers were different from all others, and those who were both crop and livestock producers fell between the two. Fewer differences were seen among the age groups. Younger women were most concerned about reproductive health and older women more concerned about mental health and musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concerns differed by occupational role and less by age group. Although injuries were of concern for women working in an academic/professional role, they were not a major concern when women also worked a farm or ranch. It is unclear why this might be and further studies need to be conducted to ascertain if these differences can be replicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The Hill in Front of You\": A Qualitative Study of the Mental Health Impact of Livestock Diseases and Depopulation on Farmers.","authors":"Rebecca J Purc-Stephenson, J Doctor","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2470967","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2470967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Livestock disease outbreaks are challenging to control and often lead to animal deaths, sometimes necessitating the mass euthanasia of an entire herd or flock, a process known as depopulation. Depopulation is essential for safeguarding animal welfare, human health, and economic stability, as well as preventing the further spread of disease. While significant advancements have been made in the surveillance, detection, and disposal of affected farm animals, less attention has been given to the impact of livestock diseases and depopulation on farmers' mental health. This study explored the mental health effects of these events on farmers and identified strategies to enhance their resilience in coping with such stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a qualitative study, 20 farmers, veterinarians, and industry experts were recruited to describe the experience of livestock diseases and depopulation in Alberta, Canada through semi-structured, one-on-one interviews. All had experience with livestock diseases, and 18 had direct depopulation experience. To capture a broad spectrum of the impact on farmers, we gathered feedback from those raising cattle, swine, poultry, deer and elk, sheep, goats, and bees. The interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach to identify common themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes and five sub-themes emerged from the analysis: emotional distress (with sub-themes of shock and helplessness, anxiety and hypervigilance, despondency and waning motivation, fear of judgment and stigma, and contextual variables), threats to identity, economic burden, distrust and frustration with authorities, resilience and adaptation. Using our findings, we adapted the Emergency Management Framework to show what activities could be integrated to support farmers' mental health needs before, during, and after a depopulation event.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Farm animal diseases threaten the livelihoods and well-being of farmers as well as pose a significant threat to Canada's food security and national economy. Our findings indicate farmers who experience livestock diseases and depopulation may be at risk for poor mental health. Implications for education and training, as well as changes to policy to support the mental health and well-being of farmers is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":" ","pages":"519-528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of Psychological Demands, Decision Authority and Social Support at Work in Norwegian Farmers Compared to Other Major Occupational Groups: The HUNT Study, Norway.","authors":"Jonil Tau Sperstad, Eystein Skjerve, Karianne Muri, Kjersti Selstad Utaaker, Magnhild Oust Torske","doi":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2473449","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1059924X.2025.2473449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Farming is an occupation with high levels of occupational stress. The objective of this study was to explore psychological job demand, decision authority, and social support at work in Norwegian farmers compared to other occupational groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the fourth wave of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4) was used, in which participants were registered with their main occupation, and items from the Swedish Demand-Control-Support (DCS) Questionnaire were included to measure self-reported psychosocial work environment. Each DCS dimension was dichotomized into high and low scores. Four job types were created by combining high and low scores of demand and decision authority (active, passive, low and high strain). Logistic regression analyses were used to explore associations between occupational groups and the three DCS dimensions, as well as job type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20,268 participants in our sample, 800 were farmers. A small proportion of farmers had a combination of high demands and low decision authority (2.3%). Overall, farmers stood out from the other manual occupational groups with high levels of demand and decision authority. Compared with other main occupational groups, farmers were most similar to managers in terms of having an active job (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66-0.94) and a high strain job (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.57-1.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although having a demanding occupation, the high decision authority experienced by most farmers prevents them from being in the high strain job category. Despite socioeconomic differences, farmers are more similar to managers than they are to other blue-collar workers with regards to psychosocial work environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agromedicine","volume":"30 3","pages":"506-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}