Air Quality Atmosphere and Health最新文献

{"title":"Morphology, chemical composition, and source characteristics of fine particulate pollutants emitted during firecracker burning events associated with Diwali festival in India","authors":"Rajitha J Rajan,&nbsp;R Sathyanathan","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01700-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01700-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the temporal variation and physicochemical characteristics of PM_2.5 during the Diwali festival in a semi-urban region of Tamil Nadu, India. PM_2.5 samples, collected using a fine particulate sampler, were analyzed for morphology and composition. SEM identified diverse particle shapes, including spherical, hexagonal, and fractal structures, indicative of carbonaceous particles, earth crust materials, and feldspar group minerals. EDX analysis detected 18 elements, with carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) as major constituents. FTIR analysis revealed ammonium ions (1420–1432 cm⁻¹) from ammonium perchlorate, sulfate compounds (612–1148 cm⁻¹) linked to firecracker fuels, and zinc oxide (550–557 cm⁻¹) from spark-producing agents. Carbonyl groups (1424–1707 cm⁻¹) highlighted emissions from fireworks and biomass burning. HYSPLIT back trajectory analysis traced pollutant-laden air masses to north-central and eastern India, traversing the Bay of Bengal. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified five key PM_2.5 sources: firecracker emissions, soil disturbances, sea salt spray, biomass burning, and industrial activities. PM_2.5 concentrations exceeded WHO and NAAQS limits, ranging from 25.05 to 137.19 µg/m³ in 2022 and 62.50–807.47 µg/m³ in 2023. During the festival period, AQI levels escalated to “Poor” in 2022 and “Severe” in 2023, while remaining “Satisfactory” before and after the festival. Health risk assessments showed minimal non-cancerous effects; however, lifetime cancer risks associated with Chromium exceeded safe thresholds, posing a significant health risk. This study highlights the substantial air quality impacts of cultural celebrations, offering critical data for source apportionment and mitigation strategies during episodic pollution events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1127 - 1146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile organic compounds in residential indoor environments in winter: a field investigation in Beijing","authors":"Yanru Wei,&nbsp;Xiaolu Wang,&nbsp;Mengli Ji,&nbsp;Shunxi Deng,&nbsp;Meimei Zhou,&nbsp;Lihui Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01695-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01695-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are harmful to human health. Exposure to VOCs primarily occurs indoors. Indoor VOC pollution is thus of particular importance for public health. In this study, indoor air samples in the winter were collected for 24 h in 32 urban residences in Beijing. The concentrations of 52 VOCs in indoor air were analyzed. The most abundant species in terms of geometric mean concentration were <i>d</i>-limonene (33.3 μg/m³), toluene (19.7 μg/m³), acetaldehyde (13.3 μg/m³), formaldehyde (13.0 μg/m³), ethyl acetate (8.0 μg/m³), α-terpene (7.5 μg/m³), benzene (7.1 μg/m³), acetone (6.9 μg/m³) and ethylbenzene (6.7 μg/m³). The monitoring results were compared to those in the summer. It was found that the concentrations of terpenes in the winter were significantly higher, whereas those of alkanes, halogenates and carbonyls were significantly lower. The species such as decanal and nonanal, which are products of O₃-initiated reactions indoors, were below detection limit in the winter. Factor analysis and General linear model (GLM) revealed that the origins of those VOCs included emissions of wooden products, emissions of wall coverings, cooking, household cleaning and disinfection products, smoking in indoor spaces as well as vehicular and industrial emissions outdoors. In addition, significantly higher concentrations of 1, 4-dichlorobenzene were found in the dwellings that were renovated more than 10 years ago. It is likely due to more popular use of flooring and furniture made of solid wood in the past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1115 - 1126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of urban region planetary boundary layer characteristics over edge of outflow of IGP and inflow of Bay of Bengal","authors":"Ghouse Basha,&nbsp;M. Venkat Ratnam,&nbsp;V. Ravi Kiran","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01696-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01696-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) structure plays a crucial role in meteorology and pollution studies in the urban regions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of variability of ABL, its characteristics and factors influencing the ABL, we utilized 3 years of measurements from the Väisälä CL51 ceilometer located at the Kolkata Camp Observatory of NARL (KCON) at the Regional Remote Sensing Centre, Kolkata an urban region, India located at the outflow of Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). Our ceilometer measurements of ABL height closely matched those obtained from radiosondes. However, reanalysis data could not capture all the layers present in ABL. Over Kolkata, significant diurnal and seasonal variations of ABL height is observed. Across all the seasons except winter, we observed a notable difference in ABL height between clear and cloudy days. This finding highlights the importance of considering weather conditions when interpreting ABL characteristics. We delved deeper into the ABL’s behaviour by analysing various characteristics including morning transition (MT) evening transitions (ET), nocturnal decay duration, and rate. Interestingly, the pre-monsoon season saw the fastest morning growth rates, reaching 150 m/hr. This was followed by the post-monsoon season (128 m/hr), the monsoon season (98 m/hr), and winter (90 m/hr). Additionally, we explored the relation between surface temperature and ABL processes. These results are useful for boundary layer parameterization and improve our understanding of air pollution dispersion models in urban regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1101 - 1113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in PM2.5 air pollutant in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia during the wintertime","authors":"Odbaatar Enkhjargal,&nbsp;Munkhnasan Lamchin,&nbsp;Xue Yi You,&nbsp;Jonathan Chambers,&nbsp;Davaagatan Tuyagerel,&nbsp;Renchinmyadag Tovuudorj,&nbsp;Zolzaya Khurelsukh,&nbsp;Enkhmaa Sarangerel,&nbsp;Nyamgerel Enkhtuya","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01705-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01705-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"631 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unprecedented air quality crisis: The impact of widespread fires on air pollution in São Paulo","authors":"Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia,&nbsp;Ronan Adler Tavella,&nbsp;Daniela Debone","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01701-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01701-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2024, Brazil faced an unprecedented environmental crisis as widespread fires impacted vast regions of the country, with severe effects reaching São Paulo, the largest metropolis in Latin America. This brief communication presents data on the sharp rise in air pollutant concentrations during the crisis and the observed health outcomes among residents. PM₁₀ levels increased by 140.81%, PM_2.5 by 144.26%, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) by 48.07%, and ozone (O₃) by 24.97% compared to the same period in 2023. These spikes in pollution were associated with a 3.5% increase in the risk of cardiorespiratory problems, as well as a rise in healthcare visits and hospital admissions for respiratory conditions. This severe episode underscores a recurring reality in Brazil. The observed impact highlights the consequences of inadequate wildfire management and insufficient enforcement against illegal burning practices, which persistently threaten public health and environmental stability. We emphasize the urgent need for regulatory updates, improved fire management strategies, and robust public health policies to prevent and mitigate the health impacts of these recurrent pollution crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1257 - 1262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health for the future: spatiotemporal CA-MC modeling and spatial pattern prediction via dendrochronological approach for nickel and lead deposition","authors":"Oznur Isinkaralar,&nbsp;Kaan Isinkaralar,&nbsp;Hakan Sevik","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01702-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01702-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nonpoint source pollution (P_NS) poses a significant environmental challenge owing to its adverse impacts on public health and ecological sustainability. Knowing the spatial pattern of heavy metals (HMs), one of the toxic substances, in the organization of urban space and the production of zoning decisions, both in the selection of pollution sources and living spaces, is immensely guiding today and in the future. The city of Düzce may be susceptible to public health risks attributed to the accumulation of HMs from escalating urbanization activities. This study aims to reach the reasons of P_NS by modeling nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) concentrations, their spatial distributions, and how they may be spatially in the future. For Ni and Pb toxic substances, accumulation was analyzed based on annual tree rings (ATRs) of the same species, and future predictions were made based on the complex structure of the spatial pattern. The concentrations accumulated in <i>Picea orientalis</i> L. ATRs between 2018 and 2023 were analyzed. Predictions of 2028 were produced according to the low &gt; middle &gt; high classification by dividing the space into 500 × 500 m grids via Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The accuracy of the produced model was determined as R² = 0.9412 for Ni and R²=0.9882 for Pb. Design strategies at different scales were presented with a novel approach by examining the plan decisions of the area that reflected alarming results.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1087 - 1099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing temporal trends and meteorological influences on ozone pollution in Shenyang region (2018–2021)","authors":"Shuangshuang Wu,&nbsp;Le Hou,&nbsp;Xuebin Sun,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Nan Wang,&nbsp;Ru Li","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01698-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01698-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, air quality has become a global concern. Ozone (O₃), a significant secondary pollutant in the atmosphere, is increasingly recognized as a major environmental and public health threat. This study focused on Shenyang, a major city in Northeast China, analyzing the temporal variation characteristics of O₃ concentrations at five different functional sites from 2018 to 2021. The study also examined trends and periodicities in O₃ concentrations using the Mann-Kendall test, Theil-Sen slope estimation, and Morlet wavelet analysis. Additionally, stepwise multiple linear regression was employed to assess the correlation between O₃ levels and meteorological factors. The results indicated that, despite variations in annual O₃ levels across different sites, a general downward trend was observed from 2020 to 2021, suggesting a reduction in O₃ pollution. Furthermore, O₃ concentrations were found to peak during the summer, gradually increasing from January and reaching their highest levels in May, June, or July. The Mann-Kendall test results revealed that only O₃ levels at sites D and E exhibited a statistically significant downward trend. All five selected sites showed clear periodic fluctuations in O₃ concentrations. Furthermore, O₃ levels were significantly positively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1169 - 1182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of atmospheric pollutants using biochar: preparation, application, regeneration and its future research","authors":"Nisha Verma,&nbsp;Ningombam Linthoingambi Devi","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01692-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01692-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air quality management is critical for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3. Pollutants such as VOCs, NOx, and particulate matter contribute to over 3 million premature deaths each year. Annually, 140 Gt of biomass waste is produced mainly in the EU, Brazil, the USA, India, and China, with crop residue burning contributing to 18% of global CO₂ emissions and releasing harmful pollutants like PM and VOCs. This review highlights biochar as a viable solution for air pollution remediation, showcasing its strong adsorption capabilities for gases like CO₂ and NOx. Biochar can be produced from agricultural waste using methods such as pyrolysis as well as gasification and hydrothermal carbonization. These production methods create biochar with specific physicochemical properties that vary based on the type of feedstock used and the processing conditions. Activation techniques enhance adsorption capacity, achieving an 86% microporous structure with a surface area of 151 m²/g, with eucalyptus-activated biochar showing a 99.76% pollutant removal efficiency. Biochar has shown significant removal capabilities for various air pollutants, with miscanthus capturing MEK at 2.5 to 43 mg/g, bamboo-activated biochar achieving 89.19% removal of PM_2.5, and rice husk biochar demonstrating a 95.7 mg/g capacity for NO and 100.181 mg/g for SO₂. Indoor pollution mitigation is enhanced as micro-gasification cookstoves reduce CO, CO₂, and PM_2.5 emissions by 79%, while finer biochar particles achieve 6% to 75% removal for VOCs like formaldehyde. Its porous structure allows for effective pollutant adsorption via physisorption and chemisorption. Reactivation methods, both thermal and non-thermal, enhance its adsorption capacity while preserving its integrity. Despite its benefits for air quality and carbon sequestration, biochar faces challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions during production and costly regeneration. However, converting biomass to biochar could sequester 0.3 to 2 Gt of CO₂ annually by 2050, supporting carbon market initiatives and circular economy goals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1205 - 1224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between air pollution and temperature with risk of preterm neonatal mortality in Iran: a distributed lag time series model","authors":"Sima Nazarpour,&nbsp;Afshin Shokati Poursani,&nbsp;Masoumeh Simbar,&nbsp;Razieh Bidhendi Yarandi,&nbsp;Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01693-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01693-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preterm delivery remains a significant determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the relationship between air pollutants, temperature, and preterm neonatal mortality in Tehran from 2008 to 2019 using time series analysis. Air pollution monitoring data spanning a 10-year study period were collected from various areas of Tehran through the Air Quality Control Center. Neonatal mortality data related to preterm births were obtained from the National Statistics Office of Iran, with mortality records registered at Tehran’s main cemetery during the same period. We employed distributed lag linear and non-linear models to explore associations. Air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, NO2, SO2) and the Air Quality Index (AQI) were assessed for their impact on preterm neonatal mortality. Additionally, we examined the effect of temperature using distributed lag models, considering both immediate and longer-term effects. Among 6494 preterm neonatal deaths during the study period, no statistically significant relationships were observed between air pollutants and preterm neonatal mortality. However, temperature exhibited a strong effect. Cold temperatures were associated with increased mortality risk, particularly at lag 2–5 and longer lags. Interestingly, a protective effect was observed at lag 0. Our results emphasize the need to consider temperature fluctuations in preterm neonatal health outcomes, even when air pollutants do not directly correlate with mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1075 - 1086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal concentrations in PM10 samples and assessment of environmental and health impacts in windy and dusty environments in east Iran","authors":"Mohsen Farahi,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadian Behbahani,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Asgari,&nbsp;Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz,&nbsp;D. G. Kaskaoutis","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01691-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01691-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study analyzes the PM₁₀ concentrations and their chemical composition, in terms of heavy and potential toxic elements (PTEs), from airborne dust samples collected in two cities (Zabol and Birjand) in east Iran during the dusty summer period. The sampling sites are located downwind of major dust sources in Central Asia and east Iran and the concurrent analysis allows to determine the impact of local dust upon a regional dusty background. PM₁₀ samples in both locations were mainly composed by Al, followed by Fe, Ti and Ca, while lower concentrations were found for PTEs like Pb, Zn, As, Cr, Ni, Cd, which however, may cause important environmental pollution, with increased values of geo-accumulation Index (I_geo), enrichment factor (EF), Integrated Pollution Index (EPI) and Ecological Risk Index (ERI) under certain conditions. PM₁₀ concentration was much higher in Zabol (471.5 µg m⁻³) compared to Birjand (102.7 µg m⁻³), while the latter exhibited higher fraction of heavy metals to PM₁₀ mass due to increased anthropogenic emissions. Analysis of soil samples revealed similar chemical compositions, indicating that local deserts are the main source of airborne dust. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks were assessed for three exposure pathways (inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact), separately for children and adults. Non-carcinogenic inhalation risks were very high (Hazard Index: HI &gt; 1) both for children and adults (adult: 6.9; child: 5.2 in Birjand; adult: 7.6, child: 5.9 in Zabol), while ingestion also exhibits high health risks. High carcinogenic risks (&gt; 10⁻⁴) were found for the ingestion and inhalation pathways in both cities, mainly from As and Cr. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for dermal contact were below the acceptable limits, but both atmospheric environments pose serious hazards for human health, with more deleterious effects in Zabol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"1053 - 1074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}