Yi Huang, Zhijian Chen, Gang Shen, Shuogui Fang, Junjiong Zheng, Zepai Chi, Yuanfeng Zhang, Yitong Zou, Qinghua Gan, Chengxiao Liao, Yuhui Yao, Jianqiu Kong, Xinxiang Fan
{"title":"Immune regulation and the tumor microenvironment in anti-PD-1/PDL-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies for cancer immune evasion: A bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yi Huang, Zhijian Chen, Gang Shen, Shuogui Fang, Junjiong Zheng, Zepai Chi, Yuanfeng Zhang, Yitong Zou, Qinghua Gan, Chengxiao Liao, Yuhui Yao, Jianqiu Kong, Xinxiang Fan","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2318815","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2318815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis, employing visualization tools to examine literature pertaining to tumor immune evasion related to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy from 1999 to 2022. A special emphasis is placed on the interplay between tumor microenvironment, signaling pathways, immune cells and immune evasion, with data sourced from the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC). Advanced tools, including VOSviewer, Citespace, and Scimago Graphica, were utilized to analyze various parameters, such as co-authorship/co-citation patterns, regional contributions, journal preferences, keyword co-occurrences, and significant citation bursts. Out of 4778 publications reviewed, there was a marked increase in research focusing on immune evasion, with bladder cancer being notably prominent. Geographically, China, the USA, and Japan were the leading contributors. Prestigious institutions like MD Anderson Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Fudan University, and Sun Yat Sen University emerged as major players. Renowned journals in this domain included Frontiers in Immunology, Cancers, and Frontiers in Oncology. Ehen LP and Wang W were identified as prolific authors on this topic, while Topalian SL stood out as one of the most cited. Research current situation is notably pivoting toward challenges like immunotherapy resistance and the intricate signaling pathways driving drug resistance. This bibliometric study seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of past and current research trends, emphasizing the potential role of tumor microenvironment, signaling pathways and immune cells in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tumor immune evasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2318815"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human papillomavirus vaccination uptake and determinant factors among adolescent schoolgirls in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yordanos Sisay Asgedom, Tsegaye Melaku Kebede, Beminate Lemma Seifu, Kusse Urmale Mare, Zufan Alamrie Asmare, Hiwot Altaye Asebe, Bizunesh Fantahun Kase, Abdu Hailu Shibeshi, Tsion Mulat Tebeje, Kebede Gemeda Sabo, Bezawit Melak Fente, Afework Alemu Lombebo, Mengistu Meskele Koyira, Gizachew Ambaw Kassie","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326295","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the ongoing global vaccination campaign aimed at preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) related health issues, the uptake of the HPV vaccine remains unacceptably low in developing regions, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at determining the pooled prevalence and associated factors of HPV vaccine uptake among adolescent school girls in SSA. Electronic bio-medical databases were explored. Pooled prevalence, publication bias, meta-regression, sub-group, and sensitivity analysis were performed. The estimated pooled prevalence of HPV vaccine uptake was 28.53% [95% CI: (5.25, 51.81)]. Having good knowledge and a positive attitude was significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake in SSA. Subgroup analysis revealed the highest uptake was 62.52% from Kenya and the lowest was 3.77% in Nigeria. The HPV vaccine uptake is low. It underscores the need for community education, school-based immunization, and education programs that promote the uptake of the vaccine to increase coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2326295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10956624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 vaccination status on hospitalization and disease severity: A descriptive study in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.","authors":"Guoxi Cai, Shiwen Liu, Yixiao Lu, Yumika Takaki, Fumiaki Matsumoto, Akira Yoshikawa, Toshitsugu Taguri, Jianfen Xie, Kazuhiko Arima, Satoshi Mizukami, Jiwen Wu, Taro Yamamoto, Maiko Hasegawa, Nguyen Tien Huy, Masaya Saito, Shouhei Takeuchi, Kouichi Morita, Kiyoshi Aoyagi, Fei He","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2322795","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2322795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was extraordinarily harmful, with high rates of infection and hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination status and other factors on hospitalization and disease severity, using data from Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection with vaccination status were included and the differences in characteristics between different vaccination statuses, hospitalization or not, and patients with varying levels of disease severity were analyzed. Furthermore, logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association of various factors with hospitalization and disease severity. From March 14, 2020 to August 31, 2022, 23,139 patients were unvaccinated 13,668 vaccinated the primary program with one or two doses, and 4,575 completed the booster. Vaccination reduced the risk of hospitalization with an odd ratio of 0.759 (95% CI: 0.654-0.881) and the protective effect of completed booster vaccination was more pronounced (OR: 0.261, 95% CI: 0.207-0.328). Similarly, vaccination significantly reduced the risk of disease severity (vaccinated primary program: OR: 0.191, 95% CI: 0.160-0.228; completed booster vaccination: OR: 0.129, 95% CI: 0.099-0.169). Overall, unvaccinated, male, elderly, immunocompromised, obese, and patients with other severe illness factors were all risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalization and disease severity. Vaccination was associated with a decreased risk of hospitalization and disease severity, and highlighted the benefits of completing booster.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2322795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabella Brohman, Gabriel Blank, Hana Mitchell, Eve Dubé, Julie A Bettinger
{"title":"Opportunities for HPV vaccine education in school-based immunization programs in British Columbia, Canada: A qualitative study.","authors":"Isabella Brohman, Gabriel Blank, Hana Mitchell, Eve Dubé, Julie A Bettinger","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326779","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the availability of school-based immunization programs (SBIPs) in Canada, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal. Vaccine education may improve vaccine uptake among adolescents. The objective of this qualitative study was to identify opportunities for HPV vaccine education in British Columbia, Canada, by exploring the perspectives of students, parents, school staff, and public health nurses on the current SBIP. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with adult participants and focus groups were conducted with grade 6 students between November 2019 and May 2020. The interviews and focus groups were transcribed and then analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Opportunities for HPV vaccine education were identified in three themes: 1) making SBIPs student-centered; 2) adopting a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to vaccine education; and 3) actualizing parent education opportunities. Broad support existed for a formal, collaborative HPV grade 6 vaccine curriculum delivered by teachers and public health nurses to provide evidence-based health information. Participants voiced that the curriculum should integrate students' perspectives on topics of interest and address needle associated pain and anxiety. Parents were identified as the primary vaccine decisionmakers, therefore, participants stated it was crucial to also provide parent-directed vaccine education as part of SBIP. Our findings support the development of a collaborative HPV vaccine curriculum directed to and informed by students and parents to buttress current SBIPs in British Columbia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2326779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah R MacEwan, Saurabh Rahurkar, Willi L Tarver, Alice A Gaughan, Laura J Rush, Andrew Schamess, Ann Scheck McAlearney
{"title":"COVID-19 vaccination perspectives among patients with Long COVID: A qualitative study.","authors":"Sarah R MacEwan, Saurabh Rahurkar, Willi L Tarver, Alice A Gaughan, Laura J Rush, Andrew Schamess, Ann Scheck McAlearney","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2327663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2327663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals who have Long COVID may have unique perspectives about COVID-19 vaccination due to the significant impact that COVID-19 has had on their lives. However, little is known about the specific vaccination perspectives among this patient population. The goal of our study was to improve our understanding of perspectives about COVID-19 vaccines among individuals with Long COVID. Interviews were conducted with patients receiving care at a post-COVID recovery clinic. Deductive thematic analysis was used to characterize participant perspectives according to the vaccine acceptance continuum framework, which recognizes a spectrum from vaccine acceptance to refusal. From interviews with 21 patients, we identified perspectives across the continuum of vaccine acceptance. These perspectives included acceptance of vaccines to prevent future illness, concerns about vaccine side effects on Long COVID symptoms, and refusal of vaccines due to perceived natural immunity. A limitation of our study is that these perspectives are specific to individuals receiving care at one post-COVID recovery clinic. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that some patients with Long COVID are uncertain about COVID-19 vaccines and boosters but may also be amenable to conversations that impact future vaccination acceptance. Patient perspectives should be considered when communicating recommendations for COVID-19 vaccinations to this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2327663"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10978020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie E O'Bryan, Fatima Muñoz, David Smith, Adriana Bearse, Blanca Melendrez, Biren Kamdar, Cynthia James-Price, Daniel Ramirez, Argentina E Servin
{"title":"Community based participatory research as a promising practice for addressing vaccine hesitancy, rebuilding trust and addressing health disparities among racial and ethnic minority communities.","authors":"Sophie E O'Bryan, Fatima Muñoz, David Smith, Adriana Bearse, Blanca Melendrez, Biren Kamdar, Cynthia James-Price, Daniel Ramirez, Argentina E Servin","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2326781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minority communities across the United States (U.S.). Despite the disproportionate burden of COVID-19 faced by communities of color, Black and Hispanic communities are less likely to be fully vaccinated than White non-Hispanic Persons. Health inequity and vaccine hesitancy are complex phenomena that require multilevel responses tailored to the unique needs of each community, a process that inherently necessitates a high level of community engagement in order to develop the most effective health interventions. Building on the principles of community based participatory research (CBPR) and with the support of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), <i>Project 2VIDA!</i> was born. A multidisciplinary collaborative of academic researchers, community members, and clinicians whose aim is to foster sustainable partnerships to reduce the burden of COVID-19 in Hispanic and Black communities across Southern California. Our model was designed to meet our community members where they were - whether on their lunch break or picking their children from school. This CBPR model has been well received by community members. Future health interventions focused on reducing health disparities should prioritize the role of the community, leverage the voices of key community partners, and be grounded in equitable power sharing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2326781"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge mapping of immunotherapy for breast cancer: A bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2022.","authors":"Fanli Qu, Guanwen Wang, Ping Wen, Xiaoyu Liu, Xiaohua Zeng","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2335728","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2335728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women globally. Immunotherapy has emerged as a major milestone in contemporary oncology. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis in the field of immunotherapy for breast cancer, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research status, identifying trends and hotspots in research topics. We searched and retrieved data from the Web of Science Core Collection, and performed a bibliometric analysis of publications on immunotherapy for breast cancer from 2013 to 2022. Current status and hotspots were evaluated by co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer. Evolution and bursts of knowledge base were assessed by co-citation analysis using CiteSpace. Thematic evolution by bibliometrix package was used to discover keywords trends. The attribution and collaboration of countries/regions, institutions and authors were also explored. A total of 7,975 publications were included. In co-occurrence analysis of keywords, 6 major clusters were revealed: tumor microenvironment, prognosis biomarker, immune checkpoints, novel drug delivery methods, immune cells and therapeutic approaches. The top three most frequently mentioned keywords were tumor microenvironment, triple-negative breast cancer, and programmed cell death ligand 1. The most productive country, institution and author were the USA (2926 publications), the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (219 publications), and Sherene Loi (28 publications), respectively. There has been a rapid growth in studies on immunotherapy for breast cancer worldwide. This research area has gained increasing attention from different countries and institutions. With the rising incidence of breast cancer, immunotherapy represents a research field of significant clinical value and potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2335728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10989689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desmond Curran, Jacopo Bitetti, Imogen Catterall, Stephen Wincott
{"title":"Herpes zoster in older adults: Impact on carbon footprint in the United States.","authors":"Desmond Curran, Jacopo Bitetti, Imogen Catterall, Stephen Wincott","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2335722","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2335722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We provide estimates for (I) annual herpes zoster (HZ) cases, (II) carbon costs related to healthcare utilization, and (III) annual carbon emissions due to HZ among ≥50 years of age (YOA) United States (US) population. We estimated the annual number of HZ cases in the US based on available incidence data and demographic data of individuals ≥50 YOA. Both the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with HZ cases and the unit carbon dioxide equivalent (i.e. CO<sub>2</sub>e) costs associated with each type of HCRU in the US were estimated based on literature and studies available online. The carbon footprint associated with HZ annually among US adults ≥50 YOA was estimated by multiplying the unit carbon estimates by the HCRU. In the US population aged ≥50 YOA in 2020 (i.e. approximately 118 million), approximately 1.1 million cases of HZ occur annually assuming no vaccination. Based on 2 sources of HCRU the average kgCO<sub>2</sub>e per HZ patient ranged from 61.0 to 97.6 kgCO<sub>2</sub>e, with values by age group ranging from 40.9 kgCO<sub>2</sub>e in patients aged 50-59 to 195.9 kgCO<sub>2</sub>e in patients ≥80 YOA. The total annual HZ associated carbon ranged between 67,000 and 107,000 tons of CO<sub>2</sub>e in the US population aged ≥50 YOA. The impact of HZ on carbon footprint in the US results in considerable greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions. Assuming no vaccination, the burden of HZ is projected to rise over the coming years with the aging populations consequently worsening its impact on GHG emissions. (Figure 1).</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2335722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11073404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, So-Yeon Kim, Minju Song, Hyung-Min Lee, Seon-Hwa Ban, Mi-Soon Lee, Hyesun Jeong
{"title":"Assessing the determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine co-administration decisions in the elderly.","authors":"Seunghyun Lewis Kwon, So-Yeon Kim, Minju Song, Hyung-Min Lee, Seon-Hwa Ban, Mi-Soon Lee, Hyesun Jeong","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2346966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2346966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research examines the low rate of co-administration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines among seniors aged 65 and older in Korea, despite recommendations from authorities and academia worldwide. The study aimed to understand the influence of general characteristics and health beliefs on the vaccination choices of seniors, who were categorized into four groups based on their vaccination status: influenza only, COVID-19 only, both, or neither. A total of 400 participants, aged 65 and above, were selected through proportional stratified random sampling from five major Korean regions for a survey conducted between November 24th and December 15th, 2023. The results indicated no significant differences in general characteristics across these groups. However, regarding the health beliefs showed significant differences in perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy between the influenza-only and co-administration groups. Higher levels of perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy were associated with choosing co-administration. Contrary to previous studies focusing on safety concerns as a primary factor in vaccine hesitancy, this study highlights the role of individual health-related beliefs, particularly perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy, as critical in influencing the decision for co-administration among the elderly in Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2346966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11095571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibody persistence to diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> antigens, and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> type b following primary and first booster with pentavalent versus hexavalent vaccines.","authors":"Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Nasiri Sarawanangkoor, Donchida Srimuan, Thaksaporn Thatsanathorn, Thanunrat Thongmee, Yong Poovorawan","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2352909","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2352909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thailand has incorporated the whole-cell (wP) pertussis vaccine into the expanded program on immunization since 1977 and has offered the acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine as an optional vaccine for infants since 2001. We followed healthy children from a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02408926) in which children were randomly assigned to receive either pentavalent (DTwP-HB-Hib) or hexavalent (DTaP-IPV-HB-Hib) vaccines for their primary series (administered at 2, 4, and 6 months) and first booster vaccination (18 months). Both groups received Tdap-IPV as a second booster at the age of 4 y. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of antibody persistence to diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), and <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (<i>B. pertussis</i>) between 2 and 6 y of age annually, and for the immunogenicity study of Tdap-IPV at 1 month after the second booster. Antibody persistence to <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> type b (Hib) was followed until 3 y of age. A total of 105 hexavalent-vaccinated children and 91 pentavalent-vaccinated children completed this study. Both pentavalent and hexavalent groups demonstrated increased antibody levels against DT, TT, and <i>B. pertussis</i> antigens following the second booster with Tdap-IPV. All children achieved a seroprotective concentration for anti-DT and anti-TT IgG at 1 month post booster. The hexavalent group possessed significantly higher anti-pertactin IgG (adjusted <i>p</i> = .023), whereas the pentavalent group possessed significantly higher anti-pertussis toxin IgG (adjusted <i>p</i> < .001) after the second booster. Despite declining levels post-second booster, a greater number of children sustained protective levels of anti-DT and anti-TT IgG compared to those after the first booster.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2352909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}