{"title":"Systematic Summary of Best Evidence for Preventing Delayed Recovery After General Anesthesia in Older Patients.","authors":"Meng Fan, Shengqiang Zou, Yiting Wang, Xihu Yang, Yiyun Sun, Yaji Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To summarize the best evidence for preventing delayed recovery (DR) after general anesthesia in older patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Summary of best evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in both Chinese and international databases to identify evidence on preventing DR after general anesthesia in older patients. The databases searched included BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, Joanna Briggs Institute, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, The Association of Perioperative Registered Nurses, American Society of Anesthesiologists, Canadian Anesthetists Society, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medlive, Chinese Anesthesia website, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search encompassed clinical decisions, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews, and expert consensus statements, spanning from the establishment of the database to September 2024. Two reviewers independently screened and evaluated the literature, and then extracted and summarized the evidence according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Grades of Recommendation and Levels of Evidence.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 13 articles were included, namely 3 clinical decisions, 5 guidelines, and 5 expert consensus statements. Thirty-one best evidence points were derived across nine areas, including preoperative assessment, brain protection strategies, fluid management, circulation management, respiratory management, temperature regulation, internal environment stabilization, neuromuscular monitoring, and recovery management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The integration and clinical application of best evidence by health care professionals can reduce the incidence of DR after general anesthesia in older patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Frailty and ASA Classification in Perioperative Risk Stratification for Esophagectomy Patients: A Decade-Long Retrospective Study.","authors":"Wongsakorn Chaochankit, Chutida Sungworawongpana","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate perioperative risk factors and the predictive accuracy of the modified frailty index (mFI-5) and American Society of Anesthesiologists' Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification in predicting high morbidity following esophagectomy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Predictors of high morbidity were identified using logistic regression, and the performance of mFI-5 and ASA-PS scores was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The high-morbidity rate was 48%. Significant predictors included ASA greater than or equal to 3, preoperative chemoradiotherapy, and prolonged Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospital stays. The ASA-PS classification offered better overall accuracy in predicting morbidity. While the mFI-5 showed high sensitivity, it exhibited poor specificity, resulting in a high false-positive rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both mFI-5 and ASA-PS have limitations in predicting high morbidity after esophagectomy. However, a model that integrates various perioperative factors, particularly postoperative variables, demonstrated significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Özge İşeri, Sevdanur Yücel, Omar Qahtan Abdulazeez Abdulazeez
{"title":"The Impact of Postoperative Thirst and Pain on Surgical Patients' Comfort.","authors":"Özge İşeri, Sevdanur Yücel, Omar Qahtan Abdulazeez Abdulazeez","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the impact of postoperative thirst and pain on surgical patients' comfort.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was employed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in the neurosurgery and general surgery departments of a university hospital in Turkey between October 2023 and May 2024. Data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Thirst Discomfort Scale (TDS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Perianesthesia Comfort Scale (PCS). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis and Independent Samples t tests, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and Hierarchical Linear Regression.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among the participants, 56.8% were male, 89.2% were married, with an average age of 53.94 ± 15.17 years. The mean scores for the TDS, VAS, and PCS were 35.70 ± 8.14, 4.43 ± 2.11, and 122.67 ± 9.98, respectively. Thirst was significantly influenced by American Society of Anesthesiologists classification and marital status, while pain was affected by nausea and vomiting (P < .05). Comfort was significantly influenced only by education level (P < .05). Regression analysis indicated that both the TDS (β = -0.277; P < .001) and VAS (β = -0.128; P < .001) were significant predictors of the PCS (F = 19.352; P < .001; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.224).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thirst and pain are significant postoperative symptoms, influenced by various sociodemographic factors and by each other, and are key factors affecting patient comfort. Managing both thirst and pain is essential for improving patient comfort and enhancing the overall quality of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144668749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hale Aksu, Murat Özçelik, Damla Kaytancı, Elvan Öçmen, Ayşe S Kızıl, Semih Küçükgüçlü, Kubra Erdogan
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Evaluation of Brachial Plexus Nerve Variations in Axilla by Ultrasonography\" [Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing 39 (2024) 523-526].","authors":"Hale Aksu, Murat Özçelik, Damla Kaytancı, Elvan Öçmen, Ayşe S Kızıl, Semih Küçükgüçlü, Kubra Erdogan","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Efrain Tololiu, Arie Arizandi Kurnianto, Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma, Jessica Siska Ehlers, Anita Deak, Ferenc Kocsor, Krisztina Csokasi
{"title":"Scoping Review of Psychological Therapies in Acute Pain Relief-To Whom, From Who, and Which Channels.","authors":"Kevin Efrain Tololiu, Arie Arizandi Kurnianto, Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma, Jessica Siska Ehlers, Anita Deak, Ferenc Kocsor, Krisztina Csokasi","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic pain remains a worldwide burden. This prolonged pain arises from acute pain, especially prolonged postoperative pain. Although there are available psychosocial interventions, the investigation of these interventions in an acute health care setting is underrated. This study aimed to examine existing literature addressing the providers, recipients, and media of psychological interventions in acute pain management.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A scoping review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase) were used via access from the University of Pecs, University of Szeged, and the Queensland University of Technology. Inclusion criteria covered studies published from 2013 to 2022 on patients receiving psychological intervention to relieve acute pain. This review excluded studies conducted in pediatrics, reviews, nonexperiments, and study protocols.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Twenty eligible randomized controlled trials applied psychological interventions in alleviating acute pain, including psychoeducation, hypnosis, music therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, emotion regulation, and humanistic approach. The studies had varying characteristics in terms of the type of psychological intervention, the media the interventions are used, the actors performing those, and the setting where the intervention is delivered.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although most studies showed a decrease in mean pain scores, the results were statistically significant only in a subset of studies. Appropriate psychological interventions help reduce acute pain in both surgical and procedural settings. Music therapy serves as the most easy-to-use intervention, while hypnosis has more flexibility of delivery media. All psychological interventions can be delivered by health care professionals with training.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Chen Chen, Jann Foster, Man-Ling Wang, Anne Marks, Virginia Schmied, Kai-Mei Chang, Hong-Guang Su, Nan-Hsuan Tsao, Hsiao-Yean Chiu
{"title":"Pediatric Emergence Delirium Following General Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery: Psychometric Properties of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium.","authors":"Yi-Chen Chen, Jann Foster, Man-Ling Wang, Anne Marks, Virginia Schmied, Kai-Mei Chang, Hong-Guang Su, Nan-Hsuan Tsao, Hsiao-Yean Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Children undergoing general anesthesia have a considerably high risk of emergence delirium (ED), which is a long-underestimated condition. The purpose of this study was to translate and validate the CAPD into traditional Chinese (CAPD-TC), for use with pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective orthopedic surgery.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children who underwent elective orthopedic surgery and were admitted to postanesthesia care units in Taiwan between October 2023 and July 2024 were included. ED was evaluated using the traditional Chinese version of the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD-TC) concerning delirium diagnostic criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, text revision. We tested construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis and assessed known-group validity by comparing CAPD-TC scores across age (preschool vs school age) and pain severity (mild vs moderate-to-severe). Internal reliability, inter-rater reliability, and diagnostic accuracy were also evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 200 children (aged 2 to 12 years, mean age: 9.2 years) were included. In accordance to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, text revision criteria, 34.5% developed ED. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure with an acceptable model fit. CAPD-TC revealed high known-group validity for pain severity and age with reliability analysis of Cronbach's α of 0.83 and inter-rater reliability of 0.88. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified an optimal cutoff of 11 points and an area under the curve of 0.95, sensitivity of 97.0%, and specificity of 76.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CAPD-TC effectively detects ED during the anesthesia recovery phase in children undergoing elective orthopedic surgery. Our findings indicate CAPD-TC as a reliable tool for timely ED assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship Between Perioperative e-Health Literacy and the Quality of Bowel Preparation: A Propensity Score-matched, Retrospective, Observational Study.","authors":"Liangyu Fang, Xiaoxuan Zhou, Meifeng Wu, Peipei Wang, Yinchuan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the correlation between perioperative electronic health literacy (e-health literacy) and the quality of bowel preparation based on investigating the risk factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation in colonoscopy patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospectively observational study conducted at three tertiary endoscopy centers in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 9,618 patients who underwent their first colonoscopy scanning from July 2023 to June 2024 were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for bowel preparation failure, while 1:1 propensity score matching was employed to compare the quality of bowel preparation based on different e-health literacy levels.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>About 24.55% of patients were experiencing inadequate bowel preparation. Moderate-to-severe anxiety, male, primary school education level, nondigestive endoscopy specialist prescribing, more than 7 days between prescription and treatment time, and low perioperative e-health literacy levels were the independent risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation (P < .05). Inadequate bowel preparation in patients with low perioperative e-health literacy group was predominantly seen in the right and left colon and the proximal colon.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perioperative e-health literacy is an independent risk factor for the quality of bowel preparation. The results highlight the need for developing a customized education intervention program that can improve perioperative e-health literacy for successful preoperative preparation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Thoracic Paravertebral Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Recovery in Daytime Laparoscopic Partial Adrenalectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Yun-Xing Zhang, Qian-Qian Wang, Chen-Bin Huang, Jun-Li Duan, Ling-Tong Li, Jian-Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) on postoperative analgesia and recovery quality in individuals undergoing daytime laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective, randomized, double-blind study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 65 patients scheduled for daytime laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy were randomly assigned to the TPVB group or the control group. After surgery and before extubation, the patients in the TPVB group received TPVB, while those in the control group did not undergo the intervention. The primary outcome was the Quality of Recovery-15 assessed at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain intensity measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), cumulative sufentanil consumption, rescue analgesia rate, intake, feeling nauseated, emesis, exam, duration of symptoms scores, first flatus and defecation time, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The TPVB group demonstrated significantly higher Quality of Recovery-15 scores at 24 and 48 hours after surgery compared with the control group (all P < .05). The sufentanil consumption within 48 hours after surgery was reduced in the TPVB group (P = .002), as was the rate of rescue analgesia within 48 hours (P = .045). VAS scores for pain at rest were significantly decreased in the TPVB group at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively (all P < .05), while VAS pain scores during coughing were lower at 1, 6, and 12 hours (all P < .05). The TPVB group also exhibited lower intake, feeling nauseated, emesis, exam, duration of symptoms scores at 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery (all P < .05). The time to first flatus and defecation was shorter in the TPVB group compared with the control group (all P < .05). Furthermore, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lower in the TPVB group compared with the control group (P = .035).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicated that TPVB enhances postoperative analgesia, improves gastrointestinal function, and promotes the quality of recovery in patients undergoing daytime laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tugba Nur Oden, Fatma Demir Korkmaz, Sezgin Ulukaya
{"title":"Implementing a Care Bundle to Prevent Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Prospective Nonparallel Cohort Study.","authors":"Tugba Nur Oden, Fatma Demir Korkmaz, Sezgin Ulukaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of care bundle implementation (CBI) on inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH) in transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective nonparallel cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in three periods: DIM. (1) Detection (D), which identified practical deficiencies in hypothermia prevention among transplant recipients; (2) Implementation (I), which involved training perioperative team members on hypothermia management and the CBI; and (3) Measurement (M), which assessed the impact of the CBI on IPH in organ transplant recipients. Data from the D and M periods were compared.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 71 organ transplant recipients participated in the study, 34 in the D period and 37 in the M period. The compliance with all steps of the care bundle increased from 0% to 78.4% (P < .001, D vs M, respectively). The incidence of IPH decreased 40% (P < .001). Body temperatures in the M period were approximately 0.8 to 1 °C higher than in the D period, intraoperative (P = .02), on admission to the intensive care unit (P < .001), and postoperative (P < .001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The implementation of care bundles based on evidence-based practices was successful in identifying practical deficiencies in hypothermia prevention, reducing the incidence of IPH, and increasing body temperatures in transplant recipients. It is recommended that systematic approaches be developed for care bundles, incorporating multidisciplinary perioperative team members, to prevent hypothermia in surgical departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of Patients With AIDS and Retroperitoneal Calcified Fibrosis During the Perioperative Period: A Case Report.","authors":"Haibin Zhang, Di Meng, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report details the perioperative management of a 27-year-old male patient with AIDS and a rare giant retroperitoneal calcifying fibrous tumor. The tumor's surgical removal posed high risk due to its proximity to vital structures and the patient's human immunodeficiency virus infection. The report highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in managing such complex cases. Key nursing considerations included providing psychological support to mitigate the stigma associated with AIDS, adhering strictly to infection control and disinfection protocols, closely monitoring for postoperative hypovolemic shock, and managing complications such as gastric motility disorders and renal infarction. Integrating traditional Chinese medicine with Western treatments for gastrointestinal issues proved beneficial. The patient's recovery, achieved through coordinated care, underscores the significance of personalized nursing interventions to optimize patient outcomes. This report provides valuable insights for clinical practice, particularly in handling similar cases of human immunodeficiency virus with complex comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":49028,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}