Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic of cryptorchidism in horses.","authors":"A. Raś","doi":"10.21521/mw.6797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6797","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptorchidism in horses is the most common congenital malformation, caused by a failure in the descent of testicles from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum. As a result, there is a partial or complete loss of reproductive potential although the production and secretion of steroid sex hormones and anti-Mueller hormone, as well as behavioral characteristics of the stallion, are maintained. The exact location of the undescended testis is established through a thorough clinical examination of the interior (of the cryptorchid horse), supported by an ultrasound examination of the inguinal region, and the transrectal ultrasound visualization of the bladder area and the inner ring of the inguinal canal. The results of several genetic studies suggest a genetic basis for cryptorchidism. In particularly difficult cases of suspected cryptorchidism in horses (hemi-castrated animals without a known clinical history), it is necessary to determine androgenic hormone levels and the anti-Mueller hormone level and to perform a testosterone production stimulation test with hCG induction (Cox test). The exact location of the retained testicle needs to be known before surgical removal so that optimal decisions can be made regarding the technique of the procedure and selection of appropriate anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68108585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biliary giardiasis in raccoons (Procyon lotor)","authors":"K. Szczepaniak, K. Tomczuk, Łukasz Ulbrych, P. Zięba, M. Studzińska","doi":"10.21521/mw.6799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6799","url":null,"abstract":"Giardiasisis one of the most significant gastrointestinal diseases caused by a cosmopolitan protozoa Giardia duodenalis. The infection occurs in many animals, including wild raccoons (Procyonlotor), that may play a role in disseminating Giardia cysts into the environment and transmitting it to humans and domestic animals. Giardiasis has various clinical manifestations, including diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and upset stomach or nausea. Active trophozoites normally attach to the mucous membrane of the duodenum and upper jejunum, however few cases of biliarygiardiasis have been reported in humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of Giardia localization in the gall bladder of raccoons. Bile and feces samples collected from each of the 34 test animals were used for the study. Giardia specific antigen was detected by a rapid immunochromatographic test using stool and bile samples. The overall prevalence was 38.2% (13/34, 95% CI, 21.0-55.4%). Positive results were obtained from 8 stool samples 23.5% (95% CI, 8.5-38.6%) and 13 bile samples 38.2% (95% CI, 21.0-55.4%). In all stool-positive raccoons, the infestation was confirmed by bile examination. In five cases a positive result was obtained only from the bile sample. The detection of the specific antigen GSA65 in the bile of the studied raccoons confirms that, similarly to humans, also in animals in the course of Giardia infection trophozoites can be localized both in the intestine and in the bile ducts.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68108946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Additional Progesterone Treatment During Intravaginal Progesterone Priming in AnestrousEwes","authors":"A. Takcı, M. Kıvrak","doi":"10.21521/mw.6768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6768","url":null,"abstract":"Oestrus induction with intravaginal progesterone is the most preferred method in anoestrus sheep. In previous studies it was argued that the decrease in the progesterone level before the sponge is removed reduces the efficiency. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that additional progesterone treatment during the progesterone priming in anestrous ewes could increase the reproductive efficiency of the induction. The study conducted on 261 Kangal sheep, which were pregnant in autumn and gave birth in spring and breastfed their lambs for about 60-75 days. All animals included in the study were randomly divided into 3 different groups as P-7 (n = 86), P-8 (n = 80) and control (n = 95). At the beginning of the study a progesterone impregnated sponge was placed to all ewes (Day 0). During sponge treatment, an injection of progesterone was given to P-7 and P-8 group 7 and 8 days after the was sponge placed, respectively. As for control group, no additional progesterone was given during sponge treatment. All groups received 500 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin at the sponge withdrawal. Ram was introduced to all ewes the 10th days of the study. There was no difference between the groups in terms of estrus rate (P = 0.28), pregnancy rate (P = 0.32) and multiple pregnancy rates (P = 0.38) (P = 0.28). We considered that the main reason for unexpected low progesterone concentration at the end of the treatment might be the result of high feed intake and metabolic rate. On the other hand, this additional dose could be caused by an excessive increase in progesterone levels in the sheep, which could be the reason for the decrease in reproductive parameters. Additional progesterone support during progesteronebased synchronization yielded acceptable results. However, progesterone can be administered in injection form in the earlier days of synchronization or before sponge insertion to obtain better results.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68105068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poaching and illegal trade in rhino horn - a significant problem for an endangered species","authors":"Anna Tomańska, M. Janeczek, W. Borawski","doi":"10.21521/mw.6759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6759","url":null,"abstract":"The international problem of poaching and illegal trade in rhino horn has led to the formulation of standards defining human duties towards the natural environment and animals, especially the endangered species. The smuggling of animals and animal products, as well as historical, artistic or archaeological exhibits, required legislators to come up with more stringent and faster penal measures against crime, which also involved the introduction of uniform methods of identification and marking. The movement of personal goods, as well goods exchanged between scientific units has been subjected to stricter control, in which scientific knowledge and consulting bodies play a more important role. This had a definite positive effect on nature conservation in general. In the case of rhinoceroses, however, protection and attempts to restore them to the environment have encountered significant difficulties, which posed both technical and ethical dilemmas for these activities. Other unintended consequences included increased demand for rhino horn, proliferation of criminal groups specialized in the theft and smuggling of horns, as well as political conflicts. The desire to acquire horns has a cultural background in many countries. For example, the use of rhino horn, although its efficacy has not been proven by clinical trials, is well-established in traditional Chinese medicine. Modern identification methods, from macroscopic and microscopic evaluation to advanced molecular methods with analysis based on genetic profiling, make it possible to identify even the smallest amount of substances derived from rhino horn (e.g. in a powdered form). Scanning microscopy, fluorescence techniques, roentgenography and computed tomography are used. Thermogravimetric analysis, protein profiling, evaluation of inductively compressed plasma are also useful for this purpose. Such identification methods can determine a wide range of parameters, including the phylogenetic and geographical origin, sex, age, and condition of the animal, as well as the horn growth rate or climatic changes.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68105074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A claws and hair cortisol levels correlation in cats.","authors":"Justyna Wojtaś, Aleksandra Garbiec, M. Karpiński, P. Czyżowski, Klaudia Kaliszyk, Paweł Niedzielski, Aleksandra Ogrodnik, Patrycja Skowronek, A. Strachecka","doi":"10.21521/mw.6788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6788","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of cortisol in hair and claws, which grow slowly, makes it possible to retrospectively assess chronic stress levels. The study involved 47 cats from a shelter for homeless animals. Hair from the lumbosacral region and the dead part of claws from the front paw were collected. The average cortisol levels were 0.85 ng/ml in the cats’ hair and 4.56 ng/ml in the claws. There was no significant relationship between cortisol levels in hair and claws. To date, too little research has been done on the correlation between cortisol levels in the hair and claws of cats. It is insufficient to unequivocally prove the existence of such a relationship.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68107760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria detection using custom Semantic Segmentation Neural Network Architecture","authors":"Natalia Wojtas, Michał Wieczorek, Zbigniew Bełkot","doi":"10.21521/mw.6804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6804","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a significant disease that affects both animals and humans. The four main Plasmodium species that cause human malaria are Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale. Plasmodium knowlesi, a parasite typically infecting forest macaque monkeys, was recently revealed to be able to be transmitted by anophelines and provoke malaria in humans. This provides an increasing risk of spreading the disease to areas previously unaffected with it and infecting people during the increasingly popular travels abroad. Microscopic examination remains one of the most often used methods for its laboratory confirmation. These tests, however, should be performed immediately after receiving samples from a firstcontact doctor to allow immediate therapy. This research presents a novel, semantic segmentation neural network architecture designed to quickly create a classification mask, giving the doctor information about the position, shape, and possible affiliation of detected elements. The evaluation method is based on a light microscope imagery and was created to overcome problems resulting from the human diagnosis specifics. There are 3 abstract classes containing healthy cells, cells with malaria and background. The outputted mask can be later mapped to a more readable form with the inclusion of contrasting colors, next to an original image for quick validation. Such an approach allows for semi-automatic recognition of possible disease, nevertheless still giving the final verdict to the specialist. The developed solution has achieved a high recognition accuracy of 96.65%, while the computer power requirements are kept at a minimum. The proposed solution can help reduce misclassification rates by providing additional data for the doctor and speed up the entire process with the early diagnosis made by a deep learning model.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68109941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound monitoring of the regenerative treatment of Biceps Tendonitis and Tenosynovitis in dogs by stem cells injections","authors":"Aleksiewicz Roman, Lutnicki Krzysztof, Marcinek Tomasz","doi":"10.21521/mw.6813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6813","url":null,"abstract":"Injuries and the overloading of the bicipital muscle tendon in dogs are a common cause of Bicipital Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis (BBT). The aim of the study was to evaluate the advantage of ultrasound monitoring during regenerative treatment of BBT together with treatment assessment by dog owners. 32 dogs of both sexes were used in the study. The dogs were treated with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with platelet-rich plasma (ADMSC + PRP) administered twice in a dose of 0.5 ml (15.0 × 106 cells/ml). The ADMSC + PRP was injected into the tendon sheath of the biceps and 0.5 ml was injected into the brachial joint cavity. During the research, pain evaluation was performed according to the Canine Brief Pain Inventor – Penn CHART (CBPI), ultrasound scans were also performed. Some of the changes in ultrasound images are permanent and the recovery is gradual and incomplete. The research showed a correlation between the results of the ultrasound scans and the owners of the CBPI questionnaire, this was correlated with the effects of regenerative therapy. Studies have shown the regenerative effect of ADMSC + PRP on the tendon sheath and biceps tendon of the brachii after 4 months.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68110286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute-phase proteins and blood parameters as potential additional markers for ante-mortem tuberculosis diagnosis in European bison (Bison bonasus)","authors":"ANNA DIDKOWSKA, BLANKA ORŁOWSKA, MONIKA KRAJEWSKA-WĘDZINA, JAN WIŚNIEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF ANUSZ","doi":"10.21521/mw.6816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6816","url":null,"abstract":"According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, European bison (Bison bonasus) is a vulnerable species. European bison is susceptible to mycobacterial infections, as evidenced by numerous confirmed tuberculosis cases in this species. Diagnostic methods for tuberculosis have developed significantly in recent years, but performing several parallel tests (serological, microbiological, molecular, cell-mediated based tests) is still the most appropriate algorithm to confirm or exclude Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection in this species. This study primarily aimed to determine whether some additional biomarkers could be helpful in tuberculosis diagnosis in European bison. Whole blood and serum from eight European bison with known TB status were used for the study. Four of these bison were Mycobacterium caprae-positive and four were M. caprae-negative. The material was tested for basic hematological and biochemical parameters and three selected acute phase proteins: ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A (SAA). The study found no significant changes in biochemical or hematological parameters in European bison with tuberculosis, but one European bison with the most advanced tuberculosis lesions showed increased concentrations of haptoglobin and SAA. These preliminary studies show that determining the concentrations of acute-phase proteins could be an additional supportive tool that can be used to diagnose tuberculosis or to determine its severity. Further research is needed with an increased number of individuals.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of protective effects of Harpagophytumprocumbens extract in an experimental rat colitis model","authors":"MUSTAFA ERKEK, DİLEK AKSIT","doi":"10.21521/mw.6818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6818","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of Harpagophytum procumbens (HP) extract on pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms in a rat colitis model induced by acetic acid. 40 Wistar albino rats were divided into five equal groups: (1) Control, (2) HP, (3) Colitis, (4) Colitis + HP, (5) Colitis + Sulfasalazine. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ceruloplasmin and sialic acid levels were analyzed in blood samples. In addition colon tissues were evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically (B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax)). A significant decrease in serum MDA, NO, TNF-α, IL-6, sialic acid levels, and an increase in serum SOD, TAS, ceruplasmin levels were observed in Colitis + HP group compared to Colitis group. On the other hand, HP administration moderately reduced histopathological damage. It was detected immunohistochemically (Bcl-2, Bax) that apoptosis levels increased in the Colitis group and decreased with HP application. HP administration ameliorated the biochemical and pathological changes caused by colitis in rats. According to the results obtained in this study; HP might have a protective effect by suppressing of proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis and reduced oxidative stress in colitis.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BAER hearing test: Principles of operation and interpretation for dogs and cats","authors":"NATALIA WOJTAS, BEATA ABRAMOWICZ, ŁUKASZ KUREK","doi":"10.21521/mw.6829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6829","url":null,"abstract":"The nervous system of animals is a focus of interest of multiple research centres. The evolution of medical engineering, the development of new research techniques and the improvement of existing ones increase our understanding of the nervous system. One of the diagnostic methods which can be used to help detect hearing disorders of varying severity in animals and humans is the study of brainstem evoked potentials known as BAER (brainstem auditory evoked response), BAEP (brainstem auditory evoked potentials) or ABR (auditory brainstem response). Although this method has existed for decades and is used in many countries around the world, the knowledge gathered by doctors over the years lacks proper systematization, and neither standard parameters nor a coherent implementation strategy have yet been established. Various modifications of this method are also available, which suggests directions for further research and facilitates an increase in the pool of knowledge concerning the physiology of hearing. Unfortunately, the lack of established recommendations for the practical implementation of hearing tests using the BAER method makes it difficult to compare test results and to broaden the scope of application of this method in dogs and cats. For the most part, this problem results from a random selection of test parameters by researchers who do not have sufficient knowledge about the physics of hearing. This work aims to summarize the results obtained in this field by various authors around the world and to determine the best-performing variants of the BAER method. The optimization and systematization of the parameters not only increases the reproducibility of the results and makes them more transparent and uniform for both doctors and animal keepers, but also renders them more reliable. This could aid in the creation of a worldwide database resulting in beneficial outcomes over time and may also allow veterinarians to determine the most effective approach for conducting a study depending on many variables that need to be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136305781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}