PLoS Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Proteobacteria with chemosynthetic potential are highly prevalent in the gills of Hypoplectrus reef fishes.","authors":"Sabrin Abdelghany, Martin Helmkampf, Matthew S Schechter, Iva A Veseli, Matthieu Leray, A Murat Eren, Oscar Puebla","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012266","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fishes host a diverse microbiome in their gills, but a broad characterization of this microbiome at the metagenomic level is lacking. Here, we apply genome-resolved metagenomics to the gills of the hamlets (Hypoplectrus spp), a group of reef fishes from the Greater Caribbean. The analysis of 353 gill samples from 15 hamlet species collected at eight locations over 13 years revealed a stark contrast between the gill microbiota and reef water microbial communities, indicating a distinct and specific gill microbiome. A total of 70 gill-associated metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered. These MAGs belong to 17 lineages, most of which are novel. They relate to known fish gill pathogens, fish gut microbes, free-living and biofilm-associated taxa, indicating that the gill microbiome was assembled from a collection of distinct eco-evolutionary trajectories. The MAGs harbor diverse metabolic modules, involved notably in nitrogen cycling, antibiotic production and biofilm formation, revealing a highly dynamic microbial ecosystem. One lineage in the Burkholderiaceae family was outstandingly prevalent across fish host species, sampling locations and years. Its genome encoded complete metabolic modules for carbon fixation and sulfur oxidation, indicating chemosynthetic potential. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first line of evidence that fishes may host sulfur-oxidizing chemosynthetic bacteria in their gills. The functional significance of this chemosynthetic potential for the fish host or other members of the gill microbiome remains to be established. The high prevalence of this lineage allowed to build a pangenome. It revealed large-scale geographic structure (western Caribbean, eastern Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico), which parallels the phylogenomic pattern observed in the hamlets. Overall, our findings point to complex fish host-microbe and microbe-microbe eco-evolutionary interactions in the gills that may influence fish physiology, homeostasis and immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DDI-4 induces a temperature-sensitive exocytotic remodeling during C. elegans spermiogenesis via nsun-2-dependent sphingosine signaling.","authors":"Yoshihiro Shimada, Riona Shiraki, Chihiro Ogawa, Nana Kanazawa-Takino, Yukiko Karuo, Kentaro Kawai, Masaharu Hashimoto, Ayaka Yoshida, Arata Honda, Jun Adachi, Jun-Dal Kim, Akiyoshi Fukamizu, Masaaki Omote, Hitoshi Nishimura","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012275","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exocytotic sperm remodeling is essential for fertilization, yet whether conserved molecular mechanisms underlie this process across species remains unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans, membranous organelle fusion (MOF), an exocytotic event cytologically analogous to the mammalian acrosome reaction (ASR), occurs during spermiogenesis and likely contributes to the acquisition of fertilization competence. Here, we identify DDI-4, a benzylamine analog as a small-molecule inducer of both MOF and ASR, revealing a shared sensitivity between these evolutionarily distant systems. DDI-4-induced MOF was selectively impaired in spermatids from males raised at elevated temperatures, whereas conventional protease-induced MOF remained unaffected. Through forward genetics, we isolated the nyg20 mutant, which was specifically defective in DDI-4 responsiveness. Complementation and genetic analyses suggested that the nyg20 phenotype is associated with impaired function of nsun-2, encoding a tRNA methyltransferase, despite the absence of detectable mutations in the nsun-2 coding, intronic, and flanking regions. Consistent with this, an nsun-2 deletion mutant exhibited defects in temperature-sensitive MOF and meiosis. In silico docking analysis further implicated sphingosine kinases (SPHKs) as candidate targets of DDI-4; indeed, loss of sphk-1 phenocopied the nsun-2 mutant. Moreover, we tested sphingosine (SPH) and its analog FTY720 as MOF activators, using mutants lacking sphk-1 or spin-4, which encodes a transporter of phosphorylated SPH. Intriguingly, DDI-4 and SPH activated MOF in an SPHK-1-dependent but SPIN-4-independent manner, whereas FTY720 required both SPHK-1 and SPIN-4 for MOF activation. Because DDI-4 lacks hydroxyl groups that SPHKs typically phosphorylate, these findings suggest that SPHK-1 may function not only as a kinase but also as a scaffold for downstream signaling. Together, our results reveal a temperature-sensitive, NSUN-2-dependent SPH-mediated signaling axis that regulates organelle exocytosis during spermiogenesis and suggest an evolutionarily conserved mechanism underlying fertilization competence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13521401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pervasive context-dependent effects in the genetic architecture of complex and quantitative traits revealed by a powerful multiparent mapping population in yeast.","authors":"Gareth A Cromie, Russell S Lo, Lauren Ames, Trey S Morgan, Katherine Owens, Anne E Clark, Martin S Timour, Julee Ashmead, Michelle Tang, J Nathan Kutz, Joshua M Akey, Aimée M Dudley","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012288","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genetic dissection of complex traits remains a major challenge in basic and biomedical research, but is essential for understanding the molecular pathways that shape phenotypic variation and for developing predictive models of trait and disease susceptibility. Here, we leverage a novel multiparent mapping population of budding yeast, CYClones, comprising 9,344 haploid strains derived from eight genetically diverse founders (~270,000 SNVs, ~ 1 per 44 bp, capturing 56% of common variants and 32% of all variants with a minor allele frequency greater than 0.005 in the global population), to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and systematically investigate the genetic architecture of growth rates across ten environmental conditions. In total, we identified 349 QTL (ranging from 18 to 49 QTL per growth condition) that explained between 60% and 100% of narrow sense heritability across traits. The high power and resolution of CYClones revealed that growth traits exhibited distinct, condition-specific genetic architectures with extensive allelic heterogeneity, where a QTL was the result of multiple tightly linked causal variants. We also observed pleiotropy among QTL with complex, trait-dependent allele effects that are also consistent with allelic heterogeneity. Genetic complexity varied widely, with some traits showing nearly Mendelian architectures, while others were highly polygenic. Introgressed loci played a prominent role in the landscape of growth rate QTL, including a QTL localized to a 2.4 kb interval in the PCA1 cadmium transporter that explains 72% of variation in cadmium resistance and is largely driven by an introgression, and a non-additive interaction between the GAL3 regulator and introgressed GAL1/7/10 alleles, extending a previously described three-locus GAL-pathway incompatibility to a four-locus interaction. In both cadmium and galactose conditions, we show that allelic variation at a small number of loci stratifies the population into regulatory or physiological subgroups, each with distinct genetic architectures, a specific manifestation of epistasis we term allele-dependent stratification. Collectively, our results provide novel insights into the genetics of growth rates in budding yeast, the architectural features of genetic complexity, and demonstrate that CYClones is a powerful platform for revealing the molecular basis of complex trait variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13577571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The Janus-faced Nature of miR-22 in Hematopoiesis: Is It an Oncogenic Tumor Suppressor or Rather a Tumor-Suppressive Oncogene?","authors":"","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012281","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006505.].</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ancient alpharetrovirus lineage in bats: Evolutionary insights and possible roles in reproduction.","authors":"Emma F Harding, Zhaobo Zhang, Charles Reuben De Souza, Jose Gabriel Nino Barreat, Aris Katzourakis","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012277","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpharetroviruses are an important group of pathogens known to cause leukemias and tumors, and were historically considered to be restricted to avian hosts. The identification of alpharetrovirus-like envelopes in bat genomes has hinted at a potentially wider host range, although their relations to modern alpharetroviruses and distribution remains unclear. Through a paleovirological screening of 818 vertebrate genomes we identified CHIRalphaEnv, a lineage that belongs firmly within alpharetroviruses, and emerged from a cross-class transmission from saurian hosts. We determine that CHIRalphaEnv envelope genes have been co-opted across bats on eight separate occasions between 43.8 and 18.9 million years ago and are preserved in most bat genomes screened. CHIRalphaEnv elements encode full-length envelope proteins and have been maintained under purifying selection, demonstrating multiple instances of exaptation by their bat hosts and a likely ubiquitous function. We observe high expression levels of CHIRalphaEnv envelopes in endometrium tissue from Carollia perspicillata, suggesting an involvement in reproductive function. We find CHIRalphaEnv sequence relatives in multiple mammalian clades (Afrotherians, rodents and bats), expanding the host range and extending origins of alpharetroviruses beyond 43 million years. We also propose the first mammalian co-opted Endogenous retrovirus (ERV) derived from an Alpharetrovirus envelope and explore the convergent functional recruitment of CHIRalphaEnv in hemochorial placentation in bats, elephant shrews and spiny mice. These findings highlight alpharetroviruses as a previously underappreciated source of functional exaptation in mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13568524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replication-transcription collisions impose DNA strand-specific constraints on gene length in bacteria.","authors":"Anjali Variyar, Samhitha Patil, Jebin Babu, Akanksha Bhat, T Sabari Sankar","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012282","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene length is a peculiar genomic feature that exhibits minimal variation within domains of life, suggesting universal underlying constraints. The length of a gene is primarily influenced by its function, expression level, and mutation risk. Interestingly, many of these factors vary depending on whether the gene is located on the leading or lagging strand of DNA replication. Studies in bacterial species E. coli and B. subtilis have shown that genes tend to be shorter on the lagging strand, potentially reflecting selection to minimize head-on encounters between the replication and transcription machinery. However, the universality of strand-specific constraints on gene length and the evolutionary basis remain unexplored. Here, using comparative genomics, we analyzed gene lengths in the bacterial domain and revealed a non-neutral distribution of gene lengths across leading and lagging strands. Genes and operons are consistently shorter on the lagging strand, irrespective of essentiality or functionality. The length restriction was more pronounced in bacterial species with a dual DNA polymerase mode of replication, which may experience severe head-on collisions between replication and transcription. Remarkably, we found that with increasing length of transcription units, substitution rates increased in the promoters on the lagging strand rather than the coding sequences, revealing a length-dependent and lagging strand-specific cis-regulatory mutational susceptibility. Together, we uncovered a pervasive selection pressure that optimizes gene lengths in a DNA strand-specific manner across bacteria to preserve the genetic integrity of promoters.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13521453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippo signaling regulates cuticle pigmentation and dopamine metabolism in Drosophila.","authors":"Shelley B Gibson, Samantha L Deal, Ye-Jin Park, Bo Sun, Yanyan Qi, Jung-Wan Mok, Hyung-Lok Chung, Hongjie Li, Shinya Yamamoto","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012260","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigmentation plays multiple important roles in development, physiology and evolution. Melanization of the insect cuticle requires dopamine as a precursor of melanin and involves key enzymes in dopamine biosynthesis including Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Dopa decarboxylase (Ddc). Some studies have hinted that disruption of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway, which has been primarily studied in the context of tissue growth, may lead to changes in cuticle pigmentation in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. However, to our knowledge, there have not been any systematic investigations into their potential mechanistic links. In this study, we identified that all genes that comprise the canonical Hippo signaling pathway [hippo (hpo), salvador (sav), mats, warts (wts), yorkie (yki) and scalloped (sd)] are involved in cuticle pigmentation in the fly notum based on tissue-specific gene knock-down/out experiments and epistatic analysis. Despite the notable divergence of pigmentation mechanisms between invertebrates and vertebrates, these phenotypes can often be rescued by the human orthologs of corresponding fly genes. While we find that manipulation of Hippo signaling in dopaminergic neurons does not affect global dopamine levels in the fly brain, developmental inhibition of this pathway can increase dopamine levels in the fly head, indicating that the mechanism by which dopamine levels are regulated in the nervous system is distinct from that in epithelial cells. Through single nuclei RNA sequencing of the developing fly nota and subsequent functional studies of differentially expressed genes that are altered upon inhibition of Hippo signaling, we found many genes that contribute to cuticle pigmentation downstream of Hippo signaling. We conclude that regulation of cuticle pigmentation by canonical Hippo signaling acts through multiple downstream genes rather than directly through TH and Ddc. We also propose that the Drosophila melanogaster cuticle may serve as a useful platform to identify previously uncharacterized mediators of Hippo signaling as well as an in vivo experimental system to test the functionality of rare genetic variants found in human Hippo signaling orthologs associated with a variety of diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13524344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomeric amplicons of SUL1 and Y' in yeast are generated by microhomology-mediated break induced replication occurring in cis.","authors":"Bonita J Brewer, Rebecca Martin, Elizabeth Ramage, Celia Payen, Sara C Di Rienzi, Yang Zhao, Kelsey M Van Sickle, Jocelyn Verhey, Miranda Zalusky, Danny E Miller, Giang T Ong, Jamie L McKee, Gina M Alvino, Maitreya J Dunham, M K Raghuraman","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012214","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene amplification is a potent driver of evolution and is thought to contribute to genetic diseases, including cancer. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful organism for understanding amplification mechanisms. When yeast is grown long term in sulfate-limiting chemostats, amplification of the gene that encodes the primary sulfate transporter, SUL1, is a common outcome. Here we describe a form of SUL1 amplification in which multiple copies of the right terminal region of chromosome II are appended in tandem to a native telomere. We find this form of amplicon when we delete the origin of replication next to SUL1 or delete a variety of genes involved in DNA metabolism. It is the only form of amplification found in a yku70Δ mutant suggesting that telomeres are involved. We propose that these terminal addition events occur when a destabilized 3' G1-3T telomeric sequence invades a short (~7 bp) internal telomere sequence (ITS) to begin a form of microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (mmBIR) that has been documented in type-I survivors of telomerase mutants. In addition to amplification of the right end of chromosome II we also find that telomeres containing the sub-telomeric repeat Y' experience similar tandem amplification events and show that their formation is reduced in a pol32Δ mutant, a gene involved in mmBIR. Within individual amplicons the expanded ITSs and Y's are nearly identical, suggesting that the multiple copies of the amplified region are generated in a single mmBIR event that we describe as pseudo-rolling circle mmBIR. A similar amplification event at the P-telomere of human chromosome 18 has four copies of a ~ 54 kb region separated by ITSs of nearly identical size. This finding suggests that these additional copies of the terminal fragment of human chromosome 18 arose by the same pseudo-rolling circle mechanism, perhaps during a period of telomeric stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13515017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuronal Nrf/SKN-1B controls a sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathway for C. elegans exploratory behaviour.","authors":"Noviann McLean, Minaxi S Gami, Nathan Dennis, Yasir Malik, Justin De Araujo, James Evans, Lydia Bennett, Marina Ezcurra, Jennifer M A Tullet","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012239","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1012239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SKN-1/Nrf transcription factor family is integral to metabolic homeostasis. There are three SKN-1 isoforms in Caenorhabditis elegans, each with different functions. One of these, SKN-1B, is expressed specifically in neurons and controls hermaphrodite behaviour in response to food. In a laboratory environment C. elegans hermaphrodites must allocate energy efficiently between exploratory food-seeking behaviour, reproduction, and survival, whereas males have to balance both food-seeking with mate-seeking exploratory behaviours. Here, we evaluate the role of SKN-1B in male behaviour and show that SKN-1B acts in a sexually dimorphic manner to control exploratory behaviour, mitochondrial morphology, and mitochondrial function. Moreover, we show that SKN-1B is expressed in a sexually dimorphic pattern, and that SKN-1B influences gene expression on a much broader scale in males compared to hermaphrodites. This analysis identified a neuronal signalling pathway, specifically in males between SKN-1B, the TGF-β ligand DAF-7 and the chemosensory regulator ODR-10, and that this pathway contributes to increased exploratory behaviour in skn-1b mutant males. Taken together our findings identify SKN-1B as a sex-specific neuronal switch to control food searching and mating behaviours. Sexual dimorphism is essential for optimizing survival and reproductive success and our findings establish SKN-1B as a regulator of sex-specific behavioural and metabolic traits. This work provides new insights into neuronal regulation of metabolism and behaviour, with implications for sex-specific physiological adaptations in other species.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1012239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New biologically relevant resistance to bacterial wilt in heat-stressed tomato revealed by two-reference Genome Wide Association.","authors":"Adrien Belny, Henri Desaint, Mylène Rigal, Sébastien Carrère, Jérôme Gouzy, Gregori Bonnet, Céline Labourey, Elise Albert, Laurent Grivet, Fabrice Roux, Fabienne Vailleau, Tristan Mary-Huard, Richard Berthomé","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1011820","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1011820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ongoing climate change is driving unprecedented environmental fluctuations, with extreme events predicted to increase in frequency, intensity and duration. Among climatic parameters, temperature is expected to fluctuate the most by the end of the century and its elevation has already demonstrated to pose a major challenge to plant health. In this context, understanding how temperature modulates plant-pathogen interactions and their underlying genetic architecture is critical. Bacterial wilt, caused by strains of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex, is a devastating disease affecting many plant species. Genetic resistance remains the most effective control strategy. In tomato, resistance is quantitative and mostly relies on quantitative trait loci (QTLs) bwr-6 and bwr-12. However, as in other crops, high temperature and humidity can compromise this resistance in commercial tomato cultivars. We investigated temperature-dependent quantitative disease resistance (QDR) using a panel of 189 wild tomato accessions, predominantly Solanum pimpinellifolium, representing genetic diversity from contrasting ecological conditions. Disease progression was monitored from three to ten days post-inoculation at 28 °C and 32 °C, using a time-course phenotyping approach. Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses were performed, based on daily symptom scores and two reference genomes, to account for structural variations and improve QTL detection. This strategy identified 44 candidate genes and revealed a temporally dynamic genetic architecture of the plant response. Strikingly, no candidate genes were shared between temperatures, supporting distinct genetic determinants under different temperature conditions. Many candidate genes were expressed in roots and belong to gene families involved in plant immunity, with two candidates co-localizing with bwr-6 and bwr-12, whose causal genes remain unknown. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that resistance to bacterial wilt in wild tomato is flexible, environment-dependent, and temporally dynamic, highlighting the importance of integrating environmental context and genomic diversity to better understand plant-pathogen interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49007,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Genetics","volume":"22 8","pages":"e1011820"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}