American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse最新文献

{"title":"High lifetime prevalence of regular nitrous oxide use in French medical students.","authors":"Mathilde Thevenin, Alexandre Malmartel, Laurent Karila, Mathilde Camus Jacqmin","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2392566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2392566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Although nitrous oxide (N₂O) is increasingly misused recreationally, its use and risks among medical students who have professional access to it are rarely explored.<i>Objectives:</i> To investigate the recreational use of N₂O among medical students in Paris Region (France).<i>Methods:</i> This cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire distributed in 2022 through social networks, to all medical students (undergraduate student from the 2nd year of medical studies to residents until the end of the residency) from the six medical universities in Paris Region. We collected demographic characteristics, patterns of N₂O consumption, co-consumptions, and N₂O training (academic course or self-training). Factors associated with N₂O consumption and complications were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions.<i>Results:</i> The questionnaires of 444 students (mean age: 25.9 years (SD = 2.69), 75.5% female, and 63.74% residents) were analyzed. Recreational N₂O consumption was reported by 71.85% of students and 20.50% consumed at least monthly. N₂O consumption was associated with being a resident (versus undergraduate student) (adjusted OR (aOR) = 3.07[1.45-6.72]; <i>p</i> < .01), receiving training on N₂O (aOR) = 3.13[1.84-6.24]; <i>p</i> < .01), and consumption of cannabis (aOR = 18.21[3.47-104.26]; <i>p</i> < .01), ecstasy (aOR = NA, <i>p</i> = .048) and poppers (aOR = 13.9[2.64-77.94]; <i>p</i> < .01). Complications (mainly dizziness, paresthesia and burns) were reported in 8.15% of students consuming N₂O. They were associated with consuming more than 10 balloons per intake (aOR = 6.04[1.32-25.00); <i>p</i> < .01) and inversely associated with receiving training (aOR = 0.35[0.14-0.86]; <i>p</i> = .01).<i>Conclusions:</i> Almost three-quarters of medical students experienced recreational N₂O consumption, particularly with poly-drug use. Given that complications were associated with high consumption and lack of education, risk training and screening for N₂O consumption could be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"682-689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social influence on drug use and sexual behaviors among rural LGBTQ+ individuals.","authors":"Heather Tillewein, Georgia Luckey, Meghan Elgee, Wiley Jenkins","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2400919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2400919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Traveling to meet sexual partners and substance use are associated with increased risk of infectious disease. It is important to understand what factors may increase substances use or increased infection transmission risk (IITR) sexual behaviors among rural LGBTQ+ individuals.<i>Objective:</i> This study investigates substance use and sexual behaviors associated with increased infection transmission risk among rural LGBTQ+ individuals, and how these are associated with relationship type (friends or romantic partners) and travel distance.<i>Methods:</i> Participants (18 years+, identify as LGBTQ+, and provided a $25 gift card) were recruited from Illinois (25 counties), in 2021. Data included demographics, sexual and drug use behaviors, and assessed how these behaviors varied by relationship type and distance traveled (e.g. when meeting friends out-of-state).<i>Results:</i> The 398 participants were 79.1% White and 12.3% Black. By orientation, 29% heterosexual, 36% gay/lesbian, and 35% bisexual/other. By identity, 43% cisgender male, 51% cisgender female, and 6% genderqueer/other. Alcohol use while visiting out-of-state friends was more frequent among transgender (vs cisgender men; OR = 9.686, 95% confidence interval = 2.123-44.19), and individuals traveling > 1/month (all <i>p</i> < .050). Infection-related sexual behaviors while visiting out-of-state romantic partners was more frequent among prescription medication misuse (all <i>p</i> < .050) and traveling > 1/week (vs < 1/month; OR = 3.399, 95% CI = 1.037-11.144).<i>Conclusion:</i> This study of rural LGBTQ+ identified that alcohol use was associated with travel to visit out-of-state romantic partners, and prescription medication misuse increased infection-related sexual behavior during out-of-state travel. Health professionals can develop substance use and increased infection transmission risk sexual behavior interventions on gender minority groups in rural areas and target those who are traveling.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"727-738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting univariate, bivariate, and overall effects of drug mixtures using Bayesian kernel machine regression.","authors":"Jemar R Bather, Larry Han, Alex S Bennett, Luther Elliott, Melody S Goodman","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2380463","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2380463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Innovative analytic approaches to drug studies are needed to understand better the co-use of opioids with non-opioids among people using illicit drugs. One approach is the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), widely applied in environmental epidemiology to study exposure mixtures but has received far less attention in substance use research.<i>Objective:</i> To describe the utility of the BKMR approach to study the effects of drug substance mixtures on health outcomes.<i>Methods:</i> We simulated data for 200 individuals. Using the Vale and Maurelli method, we simulated multivariate non-normal drug exposure data: xylazine (mean = 300 ng/mL, SD = 100 ng/mL), fentanyl (mean = 200 ng/mL, SD = 71 ng/mL), benzodiazepine (mean = 300 ng/mL, SD = 55 ng/mL), and nitazene (mean = 200 ng/mL, SD = 141 ng/mL) concentrations. We performed 10,000 MCMC sampling iterations with three Markov chains. Model diagnostics included trace plots, r-hat values, and effective sample sizes. We also provided visual relationships of the univariate and bivariate exposure-response and the overall mixture effect.<i>Results:</i> Higher levels of fentanyl and nitazene concentrations were associated with higher levels of the simulated health outcome, controlling for age. Trace plots, r-hat values, and effective sample size statistics demonstrated BKMR stability across multiple Markov chains.<i>Conclusions:</i> Our understanding of drug mixtures tends to be limited to studies of single-drug models. BKMR offers an innovative way to discern which substances pose a greater health risk than other substances and can be applied to assess univariate, bivariate, and cumulative drug effects on health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"623-630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of disposal options for unused opioid analgesics among people who have been prescribed an opioid analgesic in North Carolina.","authors":"Cassidy Joyce, Alice R Richman, Melissa J Cox, Donald W Helme, J Todd Jackson, Mahdi Sesay, Kathleen L Egan","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2386536","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2386536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Medication disposal programs have been promoted as one solution to the opioid crisis, but uptake by community members has been minimal.<i>Objectives:</i> To clarify perceptions of medication disposal options among people who have been prescribed an opioid analgesic in North Carolina to inform interventions that can facilitate the disposal of unused opioids.<i>Methods:</i> In 2022, we conducted focus groups with participants who received an opioid medication in the past year to gain information to develop an intervention related to the disposal of unused opioid medication (12 focus group discussions (FGDs); total <i>N</i> = 37; 30 identified as female, 6 as male, and 1 as another gender). Participants were shown a slide with the Food and Drug Administration's recommended disposal options and asked about their perceptions of each option. Themes were derived using an inductive, thematic, qualitative approach.<i>Results:</i> Seven themes about perceptions of medication disposal programs emerged from the data. Four of the themes reflect potential barriers to medication disposal: failed disposal attempts, lack of sufficient education on proper disposal, unclear meaning of specific disposal language, and concerns about existing disposal options. Three of the themes provide insight on potential facilitators of medication disposal: preference of low-cost disposal options, ease and accessibility among disposal methods, and preferred disposal methods.<i>Conclusion:</i> Patients should be provided clear and consistent guidance from prescribers and dispensing pharmacists on when and how to dispose of unused medications and opportunities to dispose of medications at no cost to the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"703-714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative and qualitative outcomes associated with inpatient addiction consultation: a scoping review.","authors":"Laura Rodger, Jeremy Cygler, Andrew Pinto","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2350696","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2350696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Rates of acute care use, including hospital admission and readmission, are high for people who misuse substances. Hospitalization provides a valuable opportunity for intervention, but addiction treatment is often not addressed in the inpatient setting. Addiction consult services are a novel intervention intended to change hospital practices.<i>Objectives:</i> Comprehensively summarize outcomes (quantitative and qualitative) associated with inpatient addiction consult services.<i>Methods:</i> English-language searches of: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were conducted from 2000 to November 2022. Studies reporting outcomes associated with addiction specialist consultation in the hospital setting were included. Four independent reviewers screened abstracts, and three reviewers screened full-text articles.<i>Results:</i> A total of 1,113 results underwent title and abstract screening and 43 studies were included. Outcomes associated with addiction specialist consultation were heterogeneous. Quantitative clinical outcomes focused on pharmacotherapy, healthcare utilization, and outpatient follow-up. Consultation improved rates of pharmacotherapy use, but had inconsistent effects on health care use, and overall follow-up rates were low. Consultation was associated with reduced overdose rates and 90-day mortality. Additional outcomes related to medical learners' educational achievements and qualitative results described positive effects on trainees, healthcare providers, and patients seen by specialized consult services. Access to dedicated providers improved experiences in hospitals for both people who misuse substances and their healthcare providers.<i>Conclusion:</i> Addiction specialist consultations are related to several clinical metrics, but some outcomes (e.g. pharmacotherapy initiation) may be more amenable to intervention than others (healthcare utilization). Qualitative findings provide important context for quantitative clinical results.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"587-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of long-term supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use on cognitive function in middle-aged men.","authors":"Marc J Kaufman, James I Hudson, Gen Kanayama, Samantha Muse, Jiana Schnabel, Rosalind Sokoll, Harrison G Pope","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2403582","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2403582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Long-term use of supraphysiologic doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) has been associated with impaired visuospatial memory in young men but little is known about its cognitive effects in middle-aged men.<i>Objectives:</i> We compared cognition in middle-aged men with histories of long-term AAS use and age-matched non-users.<i>Methods:</i> We administered cognitive tests from the CANTAB battery to 76 weightlifters aged 37-60 years (mean [SD] 48.5 [6.5] years), of whom 51 reported at least 2 years of cumulative AAS use and 25 reported no AAS exposure.<i>Results:</i> We found no significant AAS user versus non-user group differences on visuospatial, verbal memory, emotional recognition, or executive function tasks (corrected <i>p</i>'s ≥ .00089; effect sizes ≤ .5).<i>Conclusions:</i> Our null visuospatial task findings contrast with our prior younger cohort study (mean age 37.1 [7.1] years), in which we found impaired visuospatial task performance in people who use AAS, and with other reports of cognitive impairments in younger men use AAS. Men who use AAS may develop early visuospatial memory deficits that stabilize by middle age while middle-aged non-users' performance may \"catch up\" due to normal age-related visuospatial declines. Similar effects could contribute to our null findings on other tasks. Between-study cohort substance use differences or environmental factor differences that modify cognition, such as study geographical location and time of year, also could contribute to our discordant findings. Since young adult male AAS users experience increased mortality from unnatural causes, improving our understanding of AAS cognitive effects in this age group is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"670-681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma leptin levels are lower in females, but not males, with ketamine use disorder.","authors":"Ming-Chyi Huang, Li-Jung Chiang, Wan-Hsi Chien, Tung-Hsia Liu, Chun-Hsin Chen, Yu-Li Liu","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2394963","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2394963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Ketamine has emerged as a prominent substance of misuse. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived polypeptide hormone, has been implicated in the development of addiction. Sex-specific changes in leptin levels have been demonstrated following acute ketamine administration; the persistence of long-term ketamine use on leptin levels is uncertain.<i>Objectives:</i> To assess the sex-difference of leptin levels, and their persistence, in individuals with ketamine use disorder (KUD) compared to healthy controls.<i>Methods:</i> Plasma leptin levels were measured in 62 healthy controls (37 males, 25 females) and 68 participants with KUD (50 males, 18 females) on the first day (baseline) and after 1 and 2 weeks of abstinence. As leptin levels are affected by body mass index (BMI), BMI-adjusted leptin (leptin/BMI ratio) was also examined. Mixed model for repeated measures was used to examine changes after ketamine abstinence.<i>Results:</i> Compared to same-sex controls, female, but not male, participants with KUD demonstrated lower leptin levels and leptin/BMI ratio at baseline, week 1, and week 2 (leptin levels: <i>p</i> = .001, 0.006 and 0.032, respectively; leptin/BMI ratio: <i>p</i> = .004, 0.022, and 0.09, respectively). Repeated measures showed that leptin levels and the leptin/BMI ratio increased after 2 weeks of abstinence in male participants with KUD (<i>p</i> = .002 and 0.011, respectively), but females did not show such an increase (<i>p</i> > .05).<i>Conclusions:</i> Sex-specific differences were observed in leptin levels and the leptin/BMI ratio in individuals with KUD compared to controls. Lower leptin levels in females with KUD persisted after 2 weeks of abstinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"659-669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with deep learning for auto and rapid illicit drug detection.","authors":"Zheng Fang, Xiefeng Zhan, Bichao Ye","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2377262","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2377262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used substance analysis technique. It bases on the different absorption coefficients at different energy level to achieve material identification. Additionally, the combination of spectral technology and deep learning can achieve auto detection and high accuracy in material identification.<i>Objectives:</i> Current methods are difficult to identify drugs quickly and nondestructively. Therefore, we explore a novel approach utilizing XAS for the detection of prohibited drugs with common X-ray tube source and photon-counting (PC) detector.<i>Method:</i> To achieve automatic, rapid, and accurate detection of drugs. A CdTe detector and a common X-ray source were used to collect data, then dividing the data into training and testing sets. Finally, the improved transformer encoder model was used for classification. LSTM and ResU-net models are selected for comparation.<i>Result:</i> Fifty substances, which are isomers or compounds with similar molecular formulas of drugs, were selected for experiment substances. The results showed that the improved transformer model achieving 1.4 hours for training time and 96.73% for accuracy, which is better than the LSTM (2.6 hours and 65%) and ResU-net (1.5 hours and 92.7%).<i>Conclusion:</i> It can be concluded that the attention mechanism is more accurate for spectral material identification. XAS combined with deep learning can achieve efficient and accurate drug identification, offering promising application in clinical drug testing and drug enforcement.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"471-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the effects of racism-related stress on opioid use disorder and chronic pain outcomes.","authors":"Julio C Nunes, Oluwole O Jegede, Joao P De Aquino","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2369866","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2369866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, Black people in the U.S. have had one of the highest increases in opioid overdose mortality rates, despite being less likely to be prescribed opioids for pain. This population is also less likely to receive medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Chronic pain is a central factor in understanding this crisis, as minoritized people are more likely to live with undertreated pain, a major risk factor for developing opioid use disorder (OUD). Current practices fail to effectively treat pain among persons with OUD, a missed opportunity that is worse in minoritized populations and further producing disparities. In this perspective, we discuss how racism-related stress and disparities in addiction treatments may impact the pain experience, diagnosis, treatment, contribute to developing OUD, and perpetuate stigma. This high-level perspective invites clinicians and researchers to reflect on the biopsychosocial burden imposed upon historically minoritized people with pain and OUD. To address such complex issues, multidisciplinary efforts and methodological improvements are required, imbued by antiracist values. Collaboration across disciplines is necessary toward the common goal of improving pain management and mitigating opioid mortality among minoritized populations. As antiracist perspectives inform research practices and cultural humility principles guide care, we will be better equipped to close current gaps in knowledge and address widening healthcare disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"455-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying neurofunctional domains across substance use disorders.","authors":"Emily E Hartwell, Melanie Schwandt, Yaira Z Nunez, Reagan R Wetherill, Rachel L Kember, Corinde E Wiers, Joel Gelernter, Henry R Kranzler","doi":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2368180","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00952990.2024.2368180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Substance use disorders (SUDs) are heterogeneous across multiple functional domains. Various frameworks posit that domains (e.g., executive function) contribute to the persistence of SUDs; however, the domains identified in different studies vary.<i>Objectives:</i> We used factor analysis to identify the underlying latent domains present in a large sample (<i>N</i> = 5,244, 55.8% male) with a variety of SUDs to yield findings more generalizable than studies with a narrower focus.<i>Method:</i> Participants (1,384 controls and 3,860 participants with one or more SUDs including alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, and/or opioid use disorders) completed the Semi-Structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism, the NEO Personality Inventory, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and fit indices (root mean-squared error of approximation (RMSEA), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)) were used to examine different latent variable models. A multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) approach-tested associations of the latent variables with sociodemographics, substance use, and a history of abuse/neglect.<i>Results:</i> A six-factor model (predominant alcohol, predominant cocaine, predominant opioid, externalizing, personality, and executive function) provided the best fit [RMSEA = 0.063 (90% CI 0.060, 0.066), CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.96]. All factors were moderately correlated (coefficient = 0.25-0.55, <i>p</i> < .05) with the exception of executive function. MIMIC analysis revealed different patterns of associations (all <i>p</i> < .0001) with sociodemographics, substance use, and a history of abuse/neglect among the factors.<i>Conclusions:</i> The domains identified, particularly executive function, were parallel to those observed previously. These factors underscore the heterogeneous nature of SUDs and may be useful in developing more targeted clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48957,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse","volume":" ","pages":"536-546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}