Allergology International最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive review of pollen-food allergy syndrome: Pathogenesis, epidemiology, and treatment approaches","authors":"Yukinori Kato,&nbsp;Taiyo Morikawa,&nbsp;Shigeharu Fujieda","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is caused by cross-reaction of a specific pollen antigen with the corresponding food allergen in sensitized individuals. The manifestations are usually limited to oral symptoms; however, sometimes, rhinitis, respiratory and skin symptoms, and anaphylactic shock may occur. In PFAS pathogenesis, when food containing protein antigens (pan-allergens) with high homology to pollen antigens is ingested, mast cells bound to pollen antigen-specific IgE distributed in the oral mucosa cross-react with the food antigen, causing a local type I allergic reaction. The prevalence of PFAS depends on the geographic conditions, such as the type and amount of pollen in the area. PFAS is prevalent in all regions owing to the wide variety of pollen antigens implicated in the disease, such as alder and grass pollen, even outside of the birch habitat area. Basic research on PFAS is expected to significantly contribute to elucidating the pathogenesis and development of therapeutic strategies for PFAS. Currently, effective treatment for patients with PFAS that allows safe consumption of raw foods is lacking, and avoiding the intake of causative foods is the basis of prevention. Furthermore, allergen immunotherapy for PFAS has not yet been established, but various attempts are underway to develop it into a novel treatment strategy. This review highlights the current research landscape on the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical aspects of PFAS. We outline the research gaps that should be addressed to improve the outcomes of patients with PFAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysbiosis of the human skin mycobiome in patients receiving systemic IL-23 inhibitors","authors":"Yuta Koike ,&nbsp;Sayaka Kuwatsuka ,&nbsp;Daisuke Motooka ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Murota","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Systemic inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines affects the skin microbiome; however, the impact of systemic anti-inflammatory therapy on the skin fungal microbiome is poorly understood. To examine the effects of cytokine inhibition on the fungal community on human skin and oral mucosa, we analyzed the composition of the skin mycobiome before and after IL-23 inhibition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study enrolled 15 psoriasis patients. Swab samples were collected from the psoriasis-free skin of antecubital fossa, post-auricular, and the tongue surface before and after 16 weeks of treatment with anti-IL-23 antibodies. Fungal DNA was sequenced by ITS1 metagenomic analysis, and taxonomic classification was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from samples collected from the antecubital fossa revealed that the α diversity of the skin mycobiome decreased significantly after treatment with anti-IL-23 antibodies (p = 0.0120). Fungal DNAs were not amplified in 6/15 swab samples after 16 weeks of IL-23 inhibition; by contrast, sufficiently detected in all 15 samples before treatment (p = 0.0554). A comparison of 9/15 paired samples containing well-detected reads revealed that the percentage of genus <em>Malassezia</em> in the mycobiome fell significantly after treatment with IL-23 inhibitors (before, 29.3% ± 9.9%; after; 8.5% ± 3.4%, p = 0.0137). The mycobiome on post-auricular skin and on the tongue surface showed no marked changes after IL-23 inhibition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Taken together, the data suggest that inhibition of systemic IL-23 provokes dysbiosis of the mycobiome at the antecubital fossa skin, a finding characterized by reduced fungal diversity and a reduction in the percentage of the genus <em>Malassezia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of image-based morphometry of the bronchial tree","authors":"Hiroko Kitaoka ,&nbsp;Takashi Kijima","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 172-174"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T follicular helper cells and IgE","authors":"Yusei Ohshima (Associate Editor, Allergology International)","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical pathomechanisms of NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) clarified by treatment with omalizumab, an anti-IgE antibody","authors":"Hiroaki Hayashi ,&nbsp;Makoto Ishii ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Masami Taniguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characteristic symptoms of NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) include asthma, chronic eosinophilic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, cysteinyl LT (CysLT) overproduction and NSAIDs hypersensitivity. Some N-ERD patients present with episodic treatment-resistant extra-respiratory symptoms (CysLT-associated coronary artery vasospasm, gastroenteritis, or skin rash). Even when using standard treatments for respiratory and extra-respiratory symptoms, including systemic corticosteroids and aspirin desensitization, it is difficult to control the clinical symptoms and severe type 2 inflammation involved with mast cells, eosinophils, ILC2s, and platelet activation. Few treatment options are applicable in a clinical setting. Therefore, identifying effective treatments is essential for managing N-ERD patients who suffer from these conditions. Our previous observational study demonstrated 12-month omalizumab treatment of N-ERD was clinically effective against respiratory symptoms. Despite the remaining eosinophilia, omalizumab significantly reduced urinary LTE₄ and PGD₂ metabolites to near normal levels at steady state. Based on the preliminary study, we demonstrated that omalizumab induced tolerance to aspirin in N-ERD patients 3 months after therapy initiation and suppressed activation of mast cells during 24 h of initiation in a randomized manner. Moreover, omalizumab had significant efficacy against extra-respiratory symptoms at baseline (lacking aspirin exposure) as well as throughout aspirin challenge. This review addresses the latest discoveries related to N-ERD pathogenesis and the significant effectiveness of omalizumab on N-ERD as a mast cell stabilizer. Our findings regarding omalizumab-associated mast cell inhibitory effects are indirect evidence that mast cell dysregulation and, possibly, IgE are pivotal components of N-ERD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 51-65"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of explainable AI on slit-lamp images of anterior surface of eyes to diagnose allergic conjunctival diseases","authors":"Michiko Yonehara ,&nbsp;Yuji Nakagawa ,&nbsp;Yuji Ayatsuka ,&nbsp;Yuko Hara ,&nbsp;Jun Shoji ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Ebihara ,&nbsp;Takenori Inomata ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Huang ,&nbsp;Ken Nagino ,&nbsp;Ken Fukuda ,&nbsp;Tatsuma Kishimoto ,&nbsp;Tamaki Sumi ,&nbsp;Atsuki Fukushima ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Fujishima ,&nbsp;Moeko Kawai ,&nbsp;Etsuko Takamura ,&nbsp;Eiichi Uchio ,&nbsp;Kenichi Namba ,&nbsp;Ayumi Koyama ,&nbsp;Tomoko Haruki ,&nbsp;Dai Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising new technology that has the potential of diagnosing allergic conjunctival diseases (ACDs). However, its development is slowed by the absence of a tailored image database and explainable AI models. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop an explainable AI model that can not only diagnose ACDs but also present the basis for the diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A dataset of 4942 slit-lamp images from 10 ophthalmological institutions across Japan were used as the image database. A sequential pipeline of segmentation AI was constructed to identify 12 clinical findings in 1038 images of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (AC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC), and normal subjects. The performance of the pipeline was evaluated by determining its ability to obtain explainable results through the extraction of the findings. Its diagnostic accuracy was determined for 4 severity-based diagnosis classification of AC, AKC/VKC, GPC, and normal.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Segmentation AI pipeline efficiently extracted crucial ACD indicators including conjunctival hyperemia, giant papillae, and shield ulcer, and offered interpretable insights. The AI pipeline diagnosis had a high diagnostic accuracy of 86.2%, and that of the board-certified ophthalmologists was 60.0%. The pipeline had a high classification performance, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.959 for AC, 0.905 for normal subjects, 0.847 for GPC, 0.829 for VKC, and 0.790 for AKC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>An explainable AI model created by a comprehensive image database can be used for diagnosing ACDs with high degree of accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 86-96"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupilumab-related eosinophilia in patients with severe asthma: Post-marketing surveillance in Japan","authors":"Makoto Nagata ,&nbsp;Ryo Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Makiko Usami ,&nbsp;Mami Orimo ,&nbsp;Masato Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 169-171"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T follicular helper and memory B cells in IgE recall responses","authors":"Joshua F.E. Koenig","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>IgE antibodies raised against innocuous environmental antigens cause allergic diseases like allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and allergic asthma. While some allergies are often outgrown, others (peanut, shellfish, tree nut) are lifelong in the majority of individuals. Lifelong allergies are the result of persistent production of allergen-specific IgE. However, IgE antibodies and the plasma cells that secrete them tend to be short-lived. Persistent allergen-specific IgE titres are thought to be derived from the continued renewal of IgE plasma cells from memory B cells in response to allergen encounters. The initial generation of allergen-specific IgE is driven by B cell activation by IL-4 producing Tfh cells, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the long-term production of IgE are poorly characterized. This review investigates the mechanisms governing IgE production and Tfh activation in the primary and recall responses, towards the objective of identifying molecular targets for therapeutic intervention that durably inactivate the IgE recall response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 1","pages":"Pages 4-12"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-year prognoses after low-dose oral food challenge for cow's milk","authors":"Mai Tokunaga ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Nagakura ,&nbsp;Kyohei Takahashi ,&nbsp;Sakura Sato ,&nbsp;Motohiro Ebisawa ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Low-dose (LD) oral food challenge (OFC) with heated cow's milk (CM; 3 mL) effectively prevents CM elimination in children with CM allergy (CMA). We investigated the long-term prognoses after an LD-OFC for CMA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Children with immediate CMA symptoms after consuming &lt;25 mL of CM within 2 years of a baseline LD-OFC were retrospectively analyzed. Children who successfully passed the baseline LD-OFC (LD-passing) continued consuming 3 mL of CM at home, whereas those who failed (LD-failing) continued to avoid CM. Dose escalation occurred through stepwise OFCs or gradually at home. CM tolerance was defined as the ability to repeatedly consume ≥100 mL CM without experiencing symptoms; the inability to do so indicated persistent CMA. The prognoses of the LD-passing and LD-failing groups within 3 years of LD-OFC were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 113 children, the median age at baseline LD-OFC was 2.8 years; 41 % had an anaphylaxis history, with equal distribution between the LD-passing and LD-failing groups. Three years later, 63 % and 5 % of children demonstrated CM tolerance in the LD-passing and LD-failing groups, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In the LD-passing group, predictors of persistent CMA were older age (adjusted hazard ratio [95 % confidence interval], 1.37 [1.00–1.88]), higher CM-specific IgE level (2.95 [1.30–6.68]) and other food allergies (2.34 [1.12–4.90]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Failure in LD-OFC is associated with persistent CMA, whereas successful LD-OFC outcomes are associated with a favorable prognosis thereafter, irrespective of a history of anaphylaxis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peach component-specific IgE measurement helps to differentiate between local and systemic reactions in peach-allergic Japanese patients","authors":"Yusuke Ando ,&nbsp;Sakura Sato ,&nbsp;Motohiro Ebisawa ,&nbsp;Shiro Sugiura ,&nbsp;Komei Ito ,&nbsp;Mizuho Nagao ,&nbsp;Takao Fujisawa ,&nbsp;Shigemi Yoshihara","doi":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.alit.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Component-resolved diagnostics are used to diagnose food allergies. Currently, reports on sensitization profiles using peach-allergen components in a multicenter setting are lacking. In this study, sensitization profiling of peach allergy was performed to evaluate the clinical utility of each component specific-immunoglobulin E antibody (sIgE ab) test.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-seven patients with peach allergy were enrolled at four Japanese centers and classified into a local reaction group (LR) with only oral or pharyngeal mucosal symptoms in 36 patients and a systemic reaction group (SR) without LR in 31 patients. Serum sIgE ab tests to peach crude, Pru p 1, Pru p 3, Pru p 4, Pru p 7, and tree pollen were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, Pru p 1 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing LR, followed by Pru p 4, which outperformed peach crude allergen. Pru p 7 had the highest AUC for diagnosing SR, with the other peach allergen components and peach crude allergen showing lower values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Sensitization to Pru p 1 was associated with LRs, while sensitization to Pru p 7 was associated with SRs; approximately one-third of patients in the SR group tested negative for the titer of peach crude sIgE ab, many of whom tested positive for the titer of Pru p 7 sIgE ab. We conclude that measuring Pru p 1, Pru p 4, and Pru p 7 sIgE ab titers is useful to differentiate LRs and SRs in peach-allergic Japanese patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48861,"journal":{"name":"Allergology International","volume":"74 2","pages":"Pages 233-239"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}