International Journal of Paleopathology最新文献

{"title":"Heterogeneity in experiences of vitamin D deficiency in an early to mid-19th century population from Montreal, Quebec","authors":"Rose-Ann Bigué ,&nbsp;Isabelle Ribot ,&nbsp;Megan B. Brickley ,&nbsp;Bonnie Kahlon ,&nbsp;Charlotte A. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To use the prevalence of prenatal/infancy interglobular dentine (IGD) as a proxy for suboptimal vitamin D status and explore its link to mortality, biological sex, cultural behaviours and environmental factors during the end of the pre-industrial/ beginning of the industrial period.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>50 skeletons from the St. Antoine cemetery (1799–1854), Montreal, Quebec with a well-preserved first mandibular molar.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thin sections were prepared for histological examination of IGD in crown dentine.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>IGD prevalence was 74 % (37/50) and not significantly correlated statistically to sex and age-at-death. Most IGD occurred at birth and up to 3 years-old, six individuals were affected <em>in utero</em>, 54 % of the sample (27/50) presented longstanding IGD and six individuals displayed multiple IGD episodes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Prenatal IGD episodes revealed suboptimal maternal vitamin D levels, which, alongside a high frequency of IGD episodes around birth/from birth until a certain age, suggest cultural influences. Multiple and longstanding IGD episodes might also reflect suboptimal seasonal vitamin D attainment.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study provides in-depth data on IGD within a relatively large archaeological North American sample, proving relevant to epidemiological studies on suboptimal vitamin status in 19th century Montreal.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The total number of IGD episodes is underestimated due to methodological biases; first-generation migrants in this study could not be identified and excluded from the sample.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Use of a larger sample with a wider age-at-death range; further research on infants and children to investigate links between growth and lesion formation and visibility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"47 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003012/pdfft?md5=4e228e54e52590893ea387624e51062a&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cranial fluctuating asymmetry and its relationship with non-specific physiological stress indicators in a contemporary South African cadaveric skeletal sample","authors":"M. Harripershad ,&nbsp;C.E.G. Theye ,&nbsp;A.F. Ridel ,&nbsp;L. Liebenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Biological anthropologists frequently explore skeletal asymmetry, together with population health and disease. Given the conflicting findings in existing literature, this study aimed to clarify whether an association exists in a South African sample.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Dry bone and cranial micro-focus X-ray Computed Tomography (micro-XCT) scans of 115 South African individuals were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) indices were calculated from interlandmark distances, and the frequency of four types of non-specific signs of physiological stress were documented to explore the relationship between FA and disease.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Black South Africans did not exhibit a high FA index; however, they had the highest prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress. However, no significant correlations were detected between FA indices and pathological lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>No correlation was observed between FA and populations from different socio-economic backgrounds. However, individuals of lower socio-economic status (SES) demonstrated a greater prevalence of non-specific signs of physiological stress.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This research suggests that skeletal indicators of stress may be a suitable biological marker for assessing differences in SES among population groups, while indicating that levels of cranial FA is an inadequate biological marker.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Possible limitations may include measurement error, and the lack of information on the life history and medical records of individuals in this sample.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Future research should include a larger sample with more South African groups, and should evaluate the potential association among age, FA, and expression of skeletal markers of disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 50-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003036/pdfft?md5=0afb233837cf0a4b80c9b8d0d4273a55&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD) using a new case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease from Early Byzantine (500–700 CE) Olympia, Greece","authors":"Yannick Ahlbrecht ,&nbsp;Oliver Pilz ,&nbsp;Julia Gresky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The first case of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) in Greece is presented. LCPD, a rare disease, is discussed using the Digital Atlas of Ancient Rare Diseases (DAARD), which tests the benefits of the database for diagnosing and contextualizing the new case with 42 archaeological cases of LCPD recorded in the DAARD.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>A 30–40-year-old, probable male individual was found at the archaeological site of Olympia, Greece, dating to 500–700 CE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Biological sex, age-at-death and pathological changes were investigated using macroscopic and osteometric methods. The DAARD provided the typical characteristics of LCPD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Pathological changes in both hip joints without any other related changes in the skeleton corresponded to the skeletal features of LCPD. The DAARD produced 42 cases of LCPD, most of which from Europe, with a preference for male sex and unilateral involvement of the hip joint.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The DAARD aids in diagnosing rare diseases and interpreting new cases in the context of already known studies.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study shows that the DAARD has the potential to help researchers move beyond the level of single case studies and create a broader picture of the history of rare diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>This paper focuses on the benefits of the DAARD in relation to LCPD but not all rare diseases have been included in the database.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>More rare diseases from archaeological contexts should be added to the DAARD to create a base for the interpretation of their history and expand our understanding of rare diseases in the past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 62-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003024/pdfft?md5=851d4e0f5ec666d9063355fc1c1fb512&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal indicators of pathology in the context of early tooth loss in children: A systematic literature review","authors":"Ana Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Pierre-Hadrien Decaup ,&nbsp;Marion Andriantavy ,&nbsp;Christine Couture ,&nbsp;Elsa Garot","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To provide an evidence-based resource for paleopathologists to consider multiple skeletal indicators of pathology associated with early tooth loss in children to aid in diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Three databases (Cochrane Library, MedLine, and Scopus) were used for a review.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>According to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria, a systematic review guideline, 85 articles were selected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 189 children had a syndrome or disease associated with early tooth loss. Our review, based on 25 diseases, lists the bone and dental lesions observable in archeological remains.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Based on a review of the literature, a synthesis of 25 diseases and syndromes that may be associated with premature loss of permanent or deciduous teeth in children was developed for paleopathologists. It highlights the importance of a thorough dental examination by paleopathologists to further assess past health conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This paper provides an extensive resource addressing early tooth loss in childhood to assist researchers with differential diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The articles included in this review are case reports based on living populations.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further studies into diseases and their association with early tooth loss would complement this work, as would utilizing the differential diagnoses on archeological individuals to clarify its value and limitations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724003000/pdfft?md5=5c55bd966e1545a809a5f47513e256ef&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724003000-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A probable case of hypophosphatasia in St Bride’s Lower Churchyard (1770–1849, London, UK)","authors":"Pierre-Hadrien Decaup ,&nbsp;Ana Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Christine Couture ,&nbsp;Sacha Kacki ,&nbsp;Tania Kausmally ,&nbsp;Elsa Garot","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The objective of this study was to analyse an individual whose remains are characterised by early deciduous tooth loss and multi-focal lesions on the post-cranial skeleton.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Skeletal remains of an immature individual buried between 1770 and 1849 in London.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The remains were examined by visual macroscopic inspection, supplemented by radiographic examination of the mandible and maxillae. A differential diagnosis with possible conditions, frequent in this archaeological context, was conducted. A comprehensive examination of dental lesions was performed to investigate the aetiologies of deciduous tooth loss.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The individual exhibited a mosaic of skeletal and dental pathological changes, including premature loss of deciduous dentition, premature eruption of permanent teeth generalised bone loss in both the mandible and maxilla; osteomyelitis of the left radius; osteolytic lesion on the body of the second lumbar vertebra, and marked expansions of the rib shafts due to sub-periosteal new bone formation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A differential diagnosis considered indicates that the pathological changes of the individual were most likely associated with a comorbidity involving hypophosphatasia and tuberculosis.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>We present in this study several oral signs that could alert paleopathologists and bioarcheologists to systematically consider the potential of a condition that is rarely encountered in archaeological contexts.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Due to poor preservation, this study was confined to the analysis of a partial maxilla and mandible, a left radius shaft and the axial skeleton (rib heads and vertebrae) of the individual.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Further radiographic, histological and genetic analyses would confirm the diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 24-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002997/pdfft?md5=cda5986f6b0cac781ffb0f957640095f&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002997-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A calvarial osteolytic lesion of probable vascular origin in a Maya juvenile from the Classic Period ( 250−900 CE)","authors":"Michele M. Bleuze ,&nbsp;Ellen Fricano ,&nbsp;Jessica M. Farrell ,&nbsp;James E. Brady","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This case study evaluates a focal osteolytic lesion in the right sulcus sinus transversi of an isolated os occipitale.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>The os occipitale is from a juvenile from the Cueva de Sangre at the Classic Period (250−900 CE) site of Dos Pilas, Guatemala</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The lesion was examined macroscopically, microscopically, and radiographically.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The oval lesion has a well-circumscribed margin, endocranial origin, and involves cortical destruction of the inner and outer tables. Subperiosteal bone reaction around the lesion is present on the ectocranial surface. Skeletal evidence of increased vascularity, diploë expansion, and perimortem fracture near the lesion are not observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The lesion appears to reflect a response to the presence of an expansile process that has caused pressure erosion. The anatomical location of the lesion and the endocranial origin suggest a probable vascular anomaly, such as a vascular malformation.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This case study represents one of the few bioarchaeological evaluations of probable vascular anomaly in a juvenile. As such, it expands our knowledge about vascular anomalies in the past and provides a comparative and core reference for guiding future paleopathological investigations on cranial osteolytic lesions.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>The skeletal assemblage is commingled and fragmentary preventing the assessment of the distribution of lesions across the skeleton.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for future research</h3><p>Further scrutiny of bioarchaeological collections is needed to better understand the distribution of vascular anomalies in the past.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002900/pdfft?md5=79b98285077e0da488d4e731f3a48476&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002900-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which types of bony changes in the maxillary sinus indicate chronic sinusitis?","authors":"S. Mays ,&nbsp;S. Stark ,&nbsp;S. Zakrzewski ,&nbsp;A. Vekony","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To determine which types of bone lesion (spicules, lobules, porous bone) in the maxillary sinus indicate sinusitis</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Subadjacent dental disease is a cause of maxillary sinusitis; if a lesion type indicates sinusitis it should be more common above diseased posterior maxillary teeth than a lesion type that is not indicative of sinusitis. The study sample is a British Mediaeval human skeletal collection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Porous bone lesions (chiefly new bone deposits) in maxillary sinuses are associated with subadjacent dental disease; spicules/lobules of bone in the sinus are not.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results support the idea that porous lesions indicate sinusitis but the spicules/lobules may not. Spicules, lobules and porous lesions within the maxillary sinus should be analysed separately in biocultural studies; it would be prudent to regard only the porous lesions as indicative of sinusitis.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Maxillary sinusitis is commonly used as a health indicator in palaeopathology, and spicular deposits are generally the most common type of alterations. By assuming that they are indicative of sinusitis we may have been greatly overestimating the prevalence of bony sinusitis in the past.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>These conclusions are provisional. Further work on larger, more diverse samples, together with more detailed anatomical studies on lesion location and structure is ongoing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002894/pdfft?md5=cd4edde9824f9aba428af7f228b9d153&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002894-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schmorl's nodes in a historic adult skeletal sample (19th to 20th centuries): An analysis of age, sex and occupation","authors":"João Tiago Brito ,&nbsp;Ana Luísa Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explores the interplay between age-at-death, sex and occupation and the presence, location and severity of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>Vertebral columns of 327 individuals, 180 (55.1%) males and 147 (44.9%) females, with age-at-death between 20 and 65 years old, with known occupation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Schmorl’s nodes were recorded as present/absent and by location and severity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this sample, 58.7% (192/327) of individuals were affected by Schmorl’s nodes, 75.6% (136/180) were males and 38.1% (56/147) were females, with statistically significant differences (<em>p=</em>0.000). Schmorl’s nodes were most commonly found on the T7-L2 (77.1% of all Schmorl’s nodes) vertebrae and at the center (73.4%) of the vertebral body surface. Age and occupational categories did not correlate with prevalence, quantity or severity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Males appear more prone to develop Schmorl's nodes than females. In this study, the prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes does not increase with age, nor with the type of occupation held by males.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study rejects the purported associations between prevalence of Schmorl’s nodes and age and physical stress.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It is unknown whether individuals had the same occupation throughout their lives or for how long they performed it. Additionally, it is impossible to access when the individual developed the Schmorl’s node.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Evaluate the onset of Schmorl’s nodes in individuals under 20 and explore possible links between vertebral morphology and the occurrence of Schmorl’s nodes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"46 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002882/pdfft?md5=505a54d41981c3f934ac574cb5c68dec&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002882-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Disability and care in Western Europe during Medieval times: A bioarchaeological perspective” [Int. J. Paleopathol. 44 (2024) 119–125]","authors":"Ileana Micarelli ,&nbsp;Mary Anne Tafuri ,&nbsp;Lorna Tilley","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Page 73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002018/pdfft?md5=c3945deb22e0e16a4f24d63cf4f3b966&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A macroscopic assessment of porosity and new bone formation on the inferior pars basilaris: Normal growth or an indicator of scurvy?","authors":"Jack Eggington ,&nbsp;Rebecca Pitt ,&nbsp;Claire Hodson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This research aims to determine the aetiology of porosity and subperiosteal new bone formation on the inferior surface of the <em>pars basilaris</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><p>A total of 199 non-adult individuals aged 36 weeks gestation to 3.5 years, from a total of 12 archaeological sites throughout the UK, including Iron Age (n=43), Roman (n=12), and post-medieval (n=145) sites, with a preserved <em>pars basilaris</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The <em>pars basilaris</em> was divided into six segments, with porosity (micro and macro) and subperiosteal new bone formation recorded on the inferior surface in scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals. Scurvy was diagnosed using criteria from the palaeopathological literature that was developed using a biological approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no statistically significant difference in microporosity between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals in four out of the six segments analysed. There was a significant negative correlation between age and microporosity in non-scorbutic and scorbutic individuals. A significant difference in subperiosteal new bone formation was observed between scorbutic and non-scorbutic individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Microporosity on the inferior pars basilaris should not be considered among the suite of lesions included in the macroscopic assessment of scurvy in non-adult skeletal remains (less than 3.5 years).</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study highlights the risk of over diagnosing scurvy in past populations.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>It is difficult to distinguish between physiological (normal) and pathological (abnormal) bone changes in the skeleton of individuals less than one year of age.</p></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><p>Future research should focus on the analysis of individuals over 3.5 years of age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"45 ","pages":"Pages 62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879981724002870/pdfft?md5=e79b56cb8348d3050e4b27bc559c6414&pid=1-s2.0-S1879981724002870-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141084570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}