Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the measurement of keratinized gingiva: a cross-sectional study comparing an intraoral scanner with clinical parameters.","authors":"Ahmet Mert Nalbantoğlu,&nbsp;Deniz Yanık","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2204320216","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2204320216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between gingival thickness (GT) and keratinized gingiva width (KGW), papilla height (PH), and crown ratio (CR) by employing transgingival probing and an intraoral scanner (IOS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study examined 360 maxillary anterior teeth from 60 patients. GT was assessed using transgingival probing with an endodontic spreader. KGW, CR, and PH were measured using an IOS. One-way analysis of variance, the Student's <i>t</i>-test, and Spearman correlation coefficients were employed for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher GT was significantly associated with thinner KGW in the central region (<i>P</i>=0.019). There was no statistically significant difference in GT between teeth (<i>P</i>=0.06). PH was lower in lateral teeth than in canines (<i>P</i>=0.047), with a PH of 2.99 mm in lateral teeth. The KGW was narrower in canines than in central teeth (<i>P</i>=0.007). A moderate correlation was observed between KGW and PH in the central region (<i>P</i>=0.01), while a weak negative correlation was found between KGW and CR (<i>P</i>=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A moderate negative correlation was found between GT and KGW, as well as between PH and KGW in central teeth. In contrast, a weak negative correlation existed between CR and KGW. The PH (2.99 mm) was lower in lateral teeth than in canines. The traditional paradigm, which suggests a positive correlation between KGW and GT, was re-evaluated by measuring KGW using an IOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"362-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9911260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to strengthen infection control practices in dental clinics and hospitals.","authors":"Hee-Jin Yun,&nbsp;Yeon-Su Kim,&nbsp;Seung-Yun Shin","doi":"10.5051/jpis.235305edi01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.235305edi01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"53 5","pages":"319-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo-crosslinked gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel strengthened with calcium phosphate-based nanoparticles for early healing of rabbit calvarial defects.","authors":"Da-Na Lee,&nbsp;Jin-Young Park,&nbsp;Young-Wook Seo,&nbsp;Xiang Jin,&nbsp;Jongmin Hong,&nbsp;Amitava Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Insup Noh,&nbsp;Seong-Ho Choi","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2203220161","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2203220161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of photo-crosslinked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) hydrogel containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CNp) when applying different fabrication methods for bone regeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four circular defects were created in the calvaria of 10 rabbits. Each defect was randomly allocated to the following study groups: 1) the sham control group, 2) the GelMa group (defect filled with crosslinked GelMa hydrogel), 3) the CNp-GelMa group (GelMa hydrogel crosslinked with nanoparticles), and 4) the CNp+GelMa group (crosslinked GelMa loaded with nanoparticles). At 2, 4, and 8 weeks, samples were harvested, and histological and micro-computed tomography analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histomorphometric analysis showed that the CNp-GelMa and CNp+GelMa groups at 2 weeks had significantly greater total augmented areas than the control group (<i>P</i><0.05). The greatest new bone area was observed in the CNp-GelMa group, but without statistical significance (<i>P</i>>0.05). Crosslinked GelMa hydrogel with nanoparticles exhibited good biocompatibility with a minimal inflammatory reaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was no difference in the efficacy of bone regeneration according to the synthesized method of photo-crosslinked GelMa hydrogel with nanoparticles. However, these materials could remain within a bone defect up to 2 weeks and showed good biocompatibility with little inflammatory response. Further improvement in mechanical properties and resistance to enzymatic degradation would be needed for the clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"321-335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9482133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of accuracy between free-hand and surgical guide implant placement among experienced and non-experienced dental implant practitioners: an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Dler Raouf Hama,&nbsp;Bayad Jaza Mahmood","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2204700235","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2204700235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the accuracy of free-hand implant surgery performed by an experienced operator compared to static guided implant surgery performed by an inexperienced operator on an anterior maxillary dental model arch.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A maxillary dental model with missing teeth (No. 11, 22, and 23) was used for this <i>in vitro</i> study. An intraoral scan was performed on the model, with the resulting digital impression exported as a stereolithography file. Next, a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was performed, with the resulting image exported as a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine file. Both files were imported into the RealGUIDE 5.0 dental implant planning software. Active Bio implants were selected to place into the model. A single stereolithographic 3-dimensional surgical guide was printed for all cases. Ten clinicians, divided into 2 groups, placed a total of 60 implants in 20 acrylic resin maxillary models. Due to the small sample size, the Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze mean values in the 2 groups. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracy of implant placement using a surgical guide was significantly higher than that of free-hand implantation. The mean difference between the planned and actual implant positions at the apex was 0.68 mm for the experienced group using the free-hand technique and 0.14 mm for the non-experienced group using the surgical guide technique (<i>P</i>=0.019). At the top of the implant, the mean difference was 1.04 mm for the experienced group using the free-hand technique and 0.52 mm for the non-experienced group using the surgical guide technique (<i>P</i>=0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data from this study will provide valuable insights for future studies, since <i>in vitro</i> studies should be conducted extensively in advance of retrospective or prospective studies to avoid burdening patients unnecessarily.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"388-401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9431754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of diode laser therapy in conjunction with nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis.","authors":"Dicle Altindal,&nbsp;Eylem Ayhan Alkan,&nbsp;Metin Calisir","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2203140157","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2203140157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory condition associated with the destruction of bone tissue around a dental implant, and diode lasers can be used to treat this disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 940-nm diode laser for the nonsurgical treatment of PI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients (8 women and 12 men) were enrolled in a split-mouth randomized controlled study. In the control group (CG), mechanical debridement with titanium curettes accompanied by airflow was performed around the implants. The test group (TG) was treated similarly, but with the use of a diode laser. Clinical measurements (plaque index, gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth [PPD], bleeding on probing [BOP], clinical attachment level, and interleukin-1β [IL-1β] in the peri-implant crevicular fluid) were evaluated and recorded at baseline and 3 months. IL-1β levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The symptoms were alleviated in both groups at 3 months as assessed through clinical measurements. GI, BOP, and PPD were significantly lower in the TG than in the CG (<i>P</i><0.05). The IL-1β level increased post-treatment in both groups, but this increase was only statistically significant (<i>P</i><0.05) in the CG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diode laser enabled improvements in clinical parameters in the peri-implant tissue. However, it did not reduce IL-1β levels after treatment. Further studies about the use of diode lasers in the treatment of PI will be necessary to evaluate the effects of diode lasers in PI treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"376-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9628492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the components of salivary exosomes due to initial periodontal therapy.","authors":"Arisa Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Yuto Tsuruya,&nbsp;Kazuma Igarashi,&nbsp;Zhenyu Jin,&nbsp;Mizuho Yamazaki-Takai,&nbsp;Hideki Takai,&nbsp;Yohei Nakayama,&nbsp;Yorimasa Ogata","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2203700185","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2203700185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are present in body fluids and contain proteins, lipids, and microRNA (miRNA). Periodontal tissue examinations assess the degree of periodontal tissue destruction according to the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and X-ray examinations. However, the accurate evaluation of the prognosis of periodontitis is limited. In this study, we collected saliva from patients before and after initial periodontal therapy (IPT) and compared changes in the clinical parameters of periodontitis with changes in the components of salivary exosomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Saliva was collected from patients with stage III and IV periodontitis at the first visit and post-IPT. Exosomes were purified from the saliva, and total protein and RNA were extracted. Changes in expression levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, HSP70, and 6 kinds of miRNA were analyzed by western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with increased C6 expression after IPT had significantly higher levels of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), miR-142, and miR-144 before and after IPT than patients with decreased C6 expression after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged CD81 expression after IPT showed significantly higher PD, CAL, and PISA before IPT than after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged TSG101 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD before IPT than after IPT. Patients with increased HSP70 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD and PISA before and after IPT than patients with unchanged HSP70 after IPT. The expression levels of miR-142, miR-144, miR-200b, and miR-223 changed with changes in the levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, and HSP70 in the salivary exosomes of periodontitis patients before and after IPT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expression levels of proteins and miRNAs in salivary exosomes significantly changed after IPT in periodontitis patients, suggesting that the components of exosomes could serve as biomarkers for periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":" ","pages":"347-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9482134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology and periodontics.","authors":"Deepith Kelotte,&nbsp;Anil Melath,&nbsp;Subair Kaykool,&nbsp;Nanditha Chandran","doi":"10.5051/jpis.235304edi01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.235304edi01","url":null,"abstract":"The periodontium undergoes morphological and functional variations, as well as changes associated with age. Traditional treatments such as scaling, root planing, and periodontal flap surgery have been shown to be effective. The treatment of progressive periodontal diseases has been proven beneficial when combined with adequate post-operative supportive periodontal care [1]. Specialised nanoparticles, with particle sizes measured in nanometres, can be engineered to target oral tissues, including the periodontium. Nano-scale biosensors can be used to diagnose periodontal disorders. These sensors are capable of identifying substances found in bodily fluids such as saliva, blood, and gingival crevicular fluid [2]. These nanotechnologies are also employed for administering medication, injecting local anaesthesia, and for diagnostic purposes. Dentists can control nanorobots using onboard computers, transmitting signals for specific treatment techniques. Dentifrobots are devices that reside sub-occlusally and are administered via mouth rinse or toothpaste [3]. These dentifrobots can inspect supragingival and subgingival areas at least once a day, aiding in the ongoing removal of calculus and converting trapped organic molecules into harmless, odourless vapours [4]. Nanorobots will have the ability to distinguish between different types of cells by analysing their surface antigens. This is achieved by using chemotactic sensors that are tuned to specific antigens on target cells. Once the nanorobots have completed their task, they can be removed through the human excretory system or by active scavenger systems [4]. Nanoparticles offer numerous advantages in the delivery of bioactive chemicals and drugs.","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"53 4","pages":"245-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/fd/jpis-53-245.PMC10465811.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10500310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal changes of periodontal tissue pathology in a periodontitis animal model.","authors":"Hyunpil Yoon,&nbsp;Bo Hyun Jung,&nbsp;Ki-Yeon Yoo,&nbsp;Jong-Bin Lee,&nbsp;Heung-Sik Um,&nbsp;Beom-Seok Chang,&nbsp;Jae-Kwan Lee","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2203420171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2203420171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the early stages of periodontal disease and determine the optimal period for its evaluation in a mouse model. The association between the duration of ligation and its effect on the dentogingival area in mice was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety mice were allocated to an untreated control group or a ligation group in which periodontitis was induced by a 6-0 silk ligation around the left second maxillary molar. Mice were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, and 14 days after ligature placement. Alveolar bone destruction was evaluated using micro-CT. Histological analysis was performed to assess the immune-inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference in alveolar bone loss was found compared to the control group until day 3 after ligature placement, and a gradual increase in alveolar bone loss was observed from 4 to 8 days following ligature placement. No significant between-group differences were observed after 8 days. The histological analysis demonstrated that the inflammatory response was evident from day 4.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings in a mouse model provide experimental evidence that ligature-induced periodontitis models offer a consistent progression of disease with marginal attachment down-growth, inflammatory infiltration, and alveolar bone loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"53 4","pages":"248-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/f9/jpis-53-248.PMC10465809.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10124559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of treating peri-implant bone defects with a new biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft: a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jae-Hong Lee, Hyun-Wook An, Jae-Seung Im, Woo-Joo Kim, Dong-Won Lee, Jeong-Ho Yun","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2300640032","DOIUrl":"10.5051/jpis.2300640032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), a widely used biomaterial for bone regeneration, contains synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), the ratio of which can be adjusted to modulate the rate of degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic benefits of reconstructing peri-implant bone defects with a newly developed BCP consisting of 40% β-TCP and 60% HA compared to demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, multicenter, parallel, single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at the periodontology departments of 3 different dental hospitals. Changes in clinical (defect width and height) and radiographic (augmented horizontal bone thickness) parameters were measured between implant surgery with guided bone regeneration (GBR) and re-entry surgery. Postoperative discomfort (severity and duration of pain and swelling) and early soft-tissue wound healing (dehiscence and inflammation) were also assessed. Data were compared between the BCP (test) and DBBM (control) groups using the independent <i>t</i>-test and the χ² test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 53 cases included, 27 were in the test group and 26 were in the control group. After a healing period of 18 weeks, the full and mean resolution of buccal dehiscence defects were 59.3% (n=16) and 71.3% in the test group and 42.3% (n=11) and 57.9% in the control group, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the change in mean horizontal bone augmentation (test group: -0.50±0.66 mm vs. control groups: -0.66±0.83 mm, <i>P</i>=0.133), postoperative discomfort, or early wound healing. No adverse or fatal complications occurred in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GBR procedure with the newly developed BCP showed favorable clinical, radiographic, postoperative discomfort-related, and early wound healing outcomes for peri-implant dehiscence defects that were similar to those for DBBM.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0006428.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"53 4","pages":"306-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bf/56/jpis-53-306.PMC10465810.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10128795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of different implant surface decontamination methods using spectrophotometric analysis: an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Roberto Giffi,&nbsp;Davide Pietropaoli,&nbsp;Leonardo Mancini,&nbsp;Francesco Tarallo,&nbsp;Philipp Sahrmann,&nbsp;Enrico Marchetti","doi":"10.5051/jpis.2203500175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2203500175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Various methods have been proposed to achieve the nearly complete decontamination of the surface of implants affected by peri-implantitis. We investigated the <i>in vitro</i> debridement efficiency of multiple decontamination methods (Gracey curettes [GC], glycine air-polishing [G-Air], erythritol air-polishing [E-Air] and titanium brushes [TiB]) using a novel spectrophotometric ink-model in 3 different bone defect settings (30°, 60°, and 90°).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five dental implants were stained with indelible ink and mounted in resin models, which simulated standardised peri-implantitis defects with different bone defect angulations (30°, 60°, and 90°). After each run of instrumentation, the implants were removed from the resin model, and the ink was dissolved in ethanol (97%). A spectrophotometric analysis was performed to detect colour remnants in order to measure the cumulative uncleaned surface area of the implants. Scanning electron microscopy images were taken to assess micromorphological surface changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generally, the 60° bone defects were the easiest to debride, and the 30° defects were the most difficult (ink absorption peak: 0.26±0.04 for 60° defects; 0.32±0.06 for 30° defects; 0.27±0.04 for 90° defects). The most effective debridement method was TiB, independently of the bone defect type (TiB vs. GC: <i>P</i><0.0001; TiB vs. G-Air: <i>P</i>=0.0017; TiB vs. GE-Air: <i>P=</i>0.0007). GE-Air appeared to be the least efficient method for biofilm debridement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T-brushes seem to be a promising decontamination method compared to the other techniques, whereas G-Air was less aggressive on the implant surface. The use of a spectrophotometric model was shown to be a novel but promising assessment method for <i>in vitro</i> ink studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48795,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science","volume":"53 4","pages":"295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5c/28/jpis-53-295.PMC10465813.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10126686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}