Malaysian Journal of Pathology最新文献

{"title":"FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, mismatch repair proteins and BRAF V600E status in young-onset colorectal cancer.","authors":"R Isah Tsamiya, S N Mohd Nafi, N A Che Jalil, A A Mat Zin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Young onset colorectal cancer (YOCRC) is a heterogenous CRC phenotype with an increasing trend globally. This study aims to determine FOXP3+ Treg cells, Mismatch Repair (MMR) proteins, and proto-oncogene B-Raf (BRAF) V600E status among YOCRC patients at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of YOCRC (<50 years) over 8 years (January 2013 to December 2021). Immunohistochemistry staining of FOXP3, BRAFV600E, and MMR protein expression was performed using monoclonal antibodies. The staining intensity and percentage of positive cells were used to evaluate the staining using immunoreactive scoring. All data were analysed using descriptive and correlation statistics. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 YOCRC patients were diagnosed, out of which 53.8% had proficient MMR (pMMR) with a mean age of 41, while 46.2% had deficient MMR (dMMR) with a mean age of 35.5. The pMMR with the BRAFV600E+ group expressed higher FOXP3+Tregs (54.2%) than the dMMR with the BRAFV600E+ group (22.9%). Patients with lower FOXP3+Tregs were observed more in dMMR with BRAFV600E- (47%) than in pMMR with BRAFV600E- (5.9%). There was a statistically significant association between the density of expressed FOXP3+Tregs with MMR and BRAFV600E status (p=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most of the YOCRC had pMMR, others exhibited dMMR with loss of one or more MMR proteins. The presence of BRAFV600E demonstrated the YOCRC's sporadic nature. A high FOXP3+Treg expression was significantly associated with MMR and BRAFV600E status. Future research must be expanded to cover other hospitals to increase the sample size and include MLH1 hypermethylation testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 2","pages":"233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marrow talaromycosis as the initial presentation in a case of Burkitt lymphoma.","authors":"N E Hasbullah, R Z A Raja Sabudin, A S Asri, N Yusof, C F Leong, F Mohammed, C H Ding, N R Tumian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Talaromyces marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus which causes opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. The diagnosis of T. marneffei infection rests on the microscopic demonstration of the fungus in the tissues and/or isolation of the fungus from clinical specimens. In this report, we discuss a case involving a 23-year-old man who presented with a history of intermittent fever, cough and constitutional symptoms. Clinically, the patient exhibited pallor, jaundice, generalized seborrhoeic dermatitis, hepatomegaly, and small palpable cervical lymph nodes. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed homogenous hypodense lesions in both liver lobes. HIV screening result was reactive. Microscopic examination of the bone marrow aspirate smear and trephine biopsy identified fungal bodies, and culture of the marrow aspirate confirmed the presence of T. marneffei. Notably, the liver biopsy revealed Burkitt lymphoma alongside fungal bodies. He was treated with intravenous Amphotericin B but ultimately succumbed to the illness due to severe metabolic acidosis and multiorgan failure. This case underscores the importance of presumptive diagnosis through morphological or histological examination of bone marrow samples, as microbiologic culture methods can be time-consuming. Timely diagnosis and aggressive treatment are critical in managing patients with T. marneffei infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 2","pages":"325-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual post-treatment rhabdomyosarcoma in bone marrow: A reminder of the continued importance of morphology.","authors":"O Abobarin-Aofolaju, B Kaumeyer, S B Kahwash","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 2","pages":"339-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rate of blood culture contamination and common organisms isolated in Malaysian public hospitals.","authors":"N A Mokhtar, S Y Ting, N Z Zainol Abidin, A Abdul Hameed, Z Mohamed, N I Mustapa, N H Ahmad, S Baharuddin, G Sibalinggam, Z L Abd Hadi, Z Zam, L A Mat Nor, S F Situ, F D Sharuddin, A S Mohd Ali, N Abdullah Azahari, R Rashid, S S Syed Omar, N Othman, N R Rasid, P Thangarajah, K Y Boon, N A Mohd Said, M Z Mohd Zaili, A H Arba'Eni, R Baharudin, K Md Noor, W A Wan Ismail, P Y Heng, W A A Ahmad Ghazali, S N Khamis, H Baharim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blood culture contamination remains a dilemma issue in the diagnosis of bloodstream infection. However, to date, there is no national data on blood culture contamination and the common organism isolated in Malaysia. This is a pioneer multi-centre study involving public hospitals with medical microbiologists in Malaysia to determine the blood culture contamination rate and the common organism isolated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study involved record review of all blood culture results over 9 months period from 1st January 2018 until 30th September 2018 in 27 government hospitals in Malaysia. For each positive culture result, the type of isolated organism was classified to represent true bacteraemia or contamination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed 448,109 blood culture records from the participating hospitals. The blood culture positivity rate was 12.5% (57395 of 448109) and 25.0% (14367 of 57395) of the positive blood culture represents contamination. The national blood culture contamination rate in Malaysia was 3.2%. The contamination rate in the adult population was significantly higher than the paediatric population (3.6% vs. 2.6%; p<0.001). The blood contamination rate by institution ranged from 1.5% to 6.8%. The most frequently isolated microorganisms in the contaminated cultures were coagulase-negative staphylococci (71.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blood culture contamination is a major issue that warrants priority in recognition, and interventions should be implemented to reduce the blood contamination rate in Malaysia.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 2","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 12th Congress of the Asian-Pacific Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (APSTH) 2023 \"Haemostasis and Thrombosis: Bench to bedside\", was held at Borneo Convention Centre Kuching (BCCK), Sarawak on 18th to 21st October 2023.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"135-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating an unexpected diagnosis - experience of a tertiary referral centre with two cases of intraplacental choriocarcinoma.","authors":"C C W Lim, L S Punjabi, A Bhatia, Q J Ng, G P Jevon, I M Aggarwal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraplacental choriocarcinoma is a rare tumour, with approximately 62 reported cases. It may manifest as a spectrum of disease ranging from an incidental lesion diagnosed on routine placental examination to disseminated maternal and/or neonatal disease. In this case series, we presented two rare cases of intraplacental choriocarcinoma with extremely varied clinical presentations. The extremely varied clinical presentations of both patients described in the case series complicated the process of arriving at the diagnosis. In both cases, subsequent investigations showed no maternal or neonatal metastasis, and maternal serum beta-hCG levels downtrended with conservative management. We aim to highlight the importance of performing a detailed physical examination and evaluation of the patient and multidisciplinary management with oncology opinion. A detailed examination of the placenta should also be considered when faced with obstetric complications so that early diagnosis and the required management can be executed in a prompt fashion.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"91-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spitz tumour with ALK rearrangement: A case report and literature review.","authors":"S K Lai, I H Bakrin, N Abd Rauf, S H Abdul Raub","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spitz tumour with ALK rearrangement is a recently described entity and a rare tumour. The incidence of Spitz tumour was estimated at 3.63 per 100,000 persons in American paediatric population; while there is no data in Asian population. Here we reported a case of an eleven-year-old Asian boy who presented with a left shin nodule of two months' duration. The skin biopsy revealed a Spitz tumour with predominantly spindle cell morphology arranged in fascicles, vertically orientated nests and radial growth pattern. Junctional component, melanin pigment or Kamino bodies were not identified. Immunohistochemical study displayed homogenous cytoplasmic staining for ALK. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis confirmed ALK rearrangement. Review of the literatures demonstrated that positive ALK immunohistochemistry may not correlate with ALK rearrangement. ALK-rearranged Spitz tumour confirmed with FISH analysis favour clinically benign behaviour despite atypical histomorphology or positive sentinel lymph node. Therefore, correlation of histomorphology, immunohistochemical stain and molecular study are important for the definitive diagnosis of this entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antinuclear antibody titration and pattern are helpful in the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.","authors":"M S Mohd Razi, Y Sugumaran, N A Mohd Haniz, K Khilmie, A H Osmera, E J Jauhary, A A Wahab","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) testing is among the most common immunological test requested in the diagnostic immunology laboratory. The main purpose of this test is to screen for the underlying systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). The gold standard laboratory method for ANA detection is by the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay. In most laboratories, positive ANA-IIF is reported in terms of titration and pattern.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted with the aim of determining the correlation between ANA-IIF titration and pattern for the diagnosis of SARDs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted whereby the positive ANA-IIF samples from 1st July 2018 until 31st December 2019 and 1st January 2021 until 31st March 2021 were included in this study. The duplicate samples were excluded. ANA-IIF titration and pattern were recorded for all patients. The demographic, clinical, and final diagnosis data were retrieved from each patient's clinical note.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 179 patients were included for analysis. The majority of the patients were female (79.9%) and from Malay ethnicity (66.5%). Sixty-five patients (36.3%) had ANA-IIF positive at 1:80 titration followed by 45 patients (25.1%) positive at titration of equal or more than 1:160. Speckled was the predominant pattern visualised in 90 patients (50.3%) followed by homogeneous in 76 patients (42.5%). Forty-five patients (25.1%) were finally diagnosed with SARDs with 41 of them diagnosed as SLE. ANA titration was significantly associated with the final diagnosis of SARDs at all titres (p<0.001) but the best cut-off was noted at a titre of equal or more than 1:320 with the sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 77.6% respectively. The homogeneous pattern was also significantly associated with SARDs (p=0.04). The final diagnosis of SARDs were significantly higher in female (p=0.03) and their age was significantly younger (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ANA-IIF titration of equal or more than 1:320 can be used as the best titration for differentiating between SARDs and non-SARDs in a positive ANA sample. Patients with homogeneous pattern were more likely to be diagnosed with SARDs than other ANA-IIF patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 4th MK FMHS International Conference: Harnessing the Powers of Cell Therapy: Advances from Bench to Bedside, organised by the M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman on 18-19 September 2023.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"119-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign blast-like \"Baby Lymphocytes\" or \"Infant Lymphocytes\" are common in peripheral blood smears of newborns and infants: Not to be misconstrued as neoplastic blasts!","authors":"S B Kahwash, B Roseberry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract available.</p>","PeriodicalId":48723,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"115-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}