Palaeoworld最新文献

{"title":"A new silicified plectorthoid brachiopod from the upper Furongian (Stage 10) Ninmaroo Formation at Black Mountain, western Queensland, Australia","authors":"Glenn A. Brock ,&nbsp;Zhi-Liang Zhang ,&nbsp;Patrick M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ninmaroo Formation is a thick succession of richly fossiliferous carbonates that straddles the Cambrian (Furongian, Stage 10)–Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian, Tr1) boundary in the vicinity of Black Mountain (Mount Unbunmaroo) in western Queensland. Abundant, relatively coarsely silicified specimens of a plectorthoid brachiopod recovered from the lower Corrie Member of the Ninmaroo Formation type section are taxonomically described as a new species, <em>Apheoorthis talenti</em> n. sp. The stratigraphic level hosting the brachiopods occurs above the first occurrence, but within the biostratigraphic range, of the important age-diagnostic conodont species <em>Cordylodus lindstromi</em> which represents the upper Furongian Series (Stage 10) globally. In the Australian context, the new brachiopod occurs in the basal Warendan regional stage. Brachiopods are rare in Furongian rocks from Australia, making <em>A</em>. <em>talenti</em> n. sp. one of very few Cambrian Stage 10 rhynchonelliform brachiopods described from Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 200989"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siliceous sponge fossils from the early Cambrian Qingxi Formation in South China","authors":"Xin-Yuan Cao ,&nbsp;Hai-Zhou Wang ,&nbsp;Wen-Zhe Liu ,&nbsp;Jia-Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Jun-Ying Ding ,&nbsp;Guo-Guang Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of biomineralized sponge spicules in the early Cambrian provides critical insights into the origin of spiculogenesis and animal biomineralization. While sponge spicules proliferated in the early Cambrian, their original chemical composition is rarely preserved due to diagenetic alterations, hampering understanding on the mineralogy of the early spicules. Here we report abundant disarticulated fossil spicules from the early Cambrian Qingxi Formation in northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (hereafter referred to as Guangxi), South China. Using reflected light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy, our study reveals that the Qingxi spicules are predominately derived from Hexactinellida and are preserved in various modes, including pyritization, mold, and silica preservation. Notably, many spicules in silica preservation are composed of microcrystalline quartz with conchoidal fractures in cross-sectional view, suggesting minimal diagenetic alteration and retention of original chemical compositions. This study represents the first systematic investigation on the paleontological record of the Qingxi Formation in Guangxi, highlighting the exceptional potential of Cambrian shales and mudstones to preserve sponge spicules with primary silica composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 201013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onset timing and palaeoenvironmental records of Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic) in southwestern Guizhou, China","authors":"Shi-Xin Li ,&nbsp;Zhi-Heng Ma ,&nbsp;Xi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Jian-Li Zeng ,&nbsp;Mihai Emilian Popa ,&nbsp;Kai-Nan Mao ,&nbsp;Ting-Shan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE) in the Early Mesozoic was an extreme climate event that globally perturbed the Carbon cycle, significantly enhanced the hydrological cycle, and intensified ocean anoxia due to global warming, thereby exerting a significant influence on sedimentary environments. This study investigates the CPE in South China through integrated biostratigraphic, petrological, and geochemical analyses. Our findings of δ¹³C records reveal a progressive increase from 1.71‰ to 3.54‰ and 1.53‰ to 2.88‰ in the lower to middle Julian 1 substage, followed by a major negative excursion from 2.91‰ to 1.47‰ and 2.88‰ to 1.09‰ in the late Julian 1 at the Yongning and the Wusha sections respectively. The δ¹³C records from the two study sections generally correlate well with each other and are earlier than published records. Moreover, fluctuations observed in various redox proxies (U/Th, V/Cr, V/(V+Ni), Mo/Al) strongly coincide with δ¹³C excursions during the late Julian 1 substage, pointing the marine environment shift from oxic to dysoxic/anoxic condition. While the carbonate platforms are overlain by deep-water anoxic facies at the Yongning section. Sr and Ba levels revealed a significant freshwater influx during the CPE, leading to oscillating decreases in palaeosalinity within the study area. In addition, recorded data for Al, Zr, Hf, Ti and Th suggest that the intensified continental weathering, resulted from a humid climate during the CPE, increased the terrigenous clastic input.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 201008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new serphitid wasp (Hymenoptera: Serphitidae) from the Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber","authors":"Sergio Álvarez-Parra ,&nbsp;Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn ,&nbsp;Dany Azar","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serphitoids are a group of proctotrupomorphan wasps that, together with mymarommatoids, are characterized by a bipetiolate metasoma and grouped in the clade Bipetiolarida. The internal relationships of Serphitoidea and Mymarommatoidea are still unresolved, and their biology is poorly known. The fossil record of serphitoids is restricted to Cretaceous, ranging from Barremian to Campanian and is limited to specimens in amber so far. The family Serphitidae encompasses more than 30 species within the subfamilies Microserphitinae, Serphitinae, and Supraserphitinae. The subfamily Microserphitinae is well supported, but the distinctions between serphitines and supraserphitines are somewhat ambiguous. We describe <em>Axioserphites obscurus</em> n. gen. n. sp. from the Barremian (Early Cretaceous) Lebanese amber, belonging to the subfamily Supraserphitinae. We comment on the characters defining this subfamily and discuss its systematic validity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 200984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An uncommon large Eocene wood boring from the Antarctic Peninsula: Evidence of a giant teredinid bivalve?","authors":"Jorge Villegas-Martín ,&nbsp;Leslie M.E. Manríquez ,&nbsp;Bruna C. Schneider ,&nbsp;Gerson Fauth ,&nbsp;Rodrigo do Monte Guerra ,&nbsp;Rodrigo S. Horodyski ,&nbsp;Karlos G.D. Kochhann","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large <em>Apectoichnus longissimus</em> boring is described from a log fragment preserved in deposits of the lower Eocene La Meseta Formation on Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The boring is interpreted to have been made by marine bivalves, probably teredinids. The relationship that exists between wood boring size and bivalve body size suggests that this animal achieved a body diameter exceeding that of the majority of known wood-boring teredinids. We attribute these borings to the possible activity of the giant teredinid <em>Kuphus</em>, which reaches the greatest length of any extant bivalves and produces borings with similar morphology to <em>A</em>. <em>longissimus</em>, as demonstrated by the extant <em>Kuphus polythalamius</em>. Thus, this record in the La Meseta deposits may provide a crucial early behavioral record of possible wood colonization by some enigmatic and rare species of this giant teredinid bivalve genus, at least, during the Eocene, and extending their geographic range to the Antarctic Peninsula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 200987"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new genus of Neoliodidae (Acariformes: Oribatida) from Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber and Azarliodes andreneli n. comb.","authors":"Antonio Arillo,&nbsp;Mónica Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neoliodidae is a family of oribatid mites including four extant genera with a worldwide distribution from temperate to tropical environments. It is considered the sister group of the rest of the Brachypilina. A new genus, <em>Azarliodes</em> n. gen., is proposed to include the species <em>Neoliodes andreneli</em> from the Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber, as <em>Azarliodes andreneli</em> n. comb., based on a new specimen of the same species and the re-examination of the holotype. The new genus preserves both rostral and lamellar setae. Accordingly, the loss of a pair of prodorsal setae in <em>Neoliodes</em> and <em>Poroliodes</em>, considered to be the lamellar ones, might have been a misinterpretation and the lost pair of setae could correspond in fact to the rostral ones. Furthermore, the taxon Neoliodini n. parvorder is erected to include the superfamily Neoliodoidea, considering the rest of the Brachypylina as a monophyletic group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 201016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new early Barremian fossiliferous amber outcrop at Beqaa Kafra (Northern Lebanon)","authors":"Dany Azar ,&nbsp;Eduardo Barrón ,&nbsp;Denise Iskandar-Tabib ,&nbsp;Sibelle Maksoud","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.201012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new outcrop of fossiliferous amber discovered at a site in the village of Beqaa Kafra (Bcharreh District, Northern Lebanon) during recent geological surveys, is described herein. This site represents the 32^nd known Lebanese amber outcrop containing biological inclusions. A palynological study was conducted to investigate the botanical diversity of the surrounding palaeoenvironment. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was performed on amber samples from the newly discovered site to depict their chemical composition and evaluate potential correlations with other Lebanese amber outcrops. The discovery significantly contributes to our understanding of Early Cretaceous palaeobiodiversity along the northeastern margin of Gondwana, particularly during the early Barremian.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 201012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new genus and species of Apocynaceae (Gentianales) seed macrofossil from the Early Miocene amber of Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, Mexico","authors":"Leonardo O. Alvarado-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Naylet K. Centeno-González ,&nbsp;C. Sofía Islas-Hernández ,&nbsp;Emilio Estrada-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Miocene amber deposit of Chiapas, Mexico, is one of the most important records in the world. It has a high diversity of plant inclusions, particularly the reproductive structures that are seldom preserved. Here we describe a new inclusion of a seed that has a narrowly oblong to linear shape, acuminate chalazal area, longitudinally striated, funicular furrow, micropylar tuft of hairs, all features found in Apocynaceae. Although Mexico is one of the centers of diversity for the family, with an estimated endemism rate of approximately 50%, the fossil record of this family in the country remains limited. Comparison with the extant and fossil seeds did not allow assignment to any known taxa, and therefore a new genus and species, <em>Mesechitespermum endressiorum</em> n. gen. n. sp., is proposed here. This new Miocene record supports the hypothesis that during this time the family was already present in some tropical areas of southeastern Mexico.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 200983"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of Bergeronites (Trilobita, Damesellidae, Bergeronitinae) from the Longha Formation (Cambrian, Guzhangian) in southeastern Yunnan, South China","authors":"Shan-Chi Peng ,&nbsp;Loren E. Babcock ,&nbsp;Xian-Feng Yang ,&nbsp;Tao Dai ,&nbsp;Xue-Jian Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new species of damesellid trilobite, <em>Bergeronites leishuae</em> n. sp., is described from the Fulu Biota in the Longha Formation (Cambrian, Guzhangian), southeastern Yunnan Province, South China. <em>Bergeronites leishuae</em> is common in the Fulu Lagerstätte and represented by both disarticulated sclerites and the first complete exoskeletons recorded for the genus. Together, these remains allow for a more thorough understanding of the morphology of this distinctive trilobite genus, both dorsally and ventrally. The new material also allows for further differential comparisons with other species previously assigned to <em>Bergeronites</em>. Specimens showing the ventral cephalic morphology reveal the presence of a short connective suture immediately flanking the sagittal line of the doublure, and a thin, ridge-like rostral plate. They also show the hypostome to be in conterminant condition. Ontogenetic material of <em>B</em>. <em>leishuae</em> is known from meraspid degree 6 through the holaspid stage; it includes the first meraspid-stage specimens known for <em>Bergeronites</em>. As presently known, the geographic distribution of <em>Bergeronites</em> is restricted to the East Asian sector of Gondwana (North China, South China, and Vietnam).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 200992"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemostratigraphy of Albian deposits in northern Tunisia: Identification of early Albian Oceanic Anoxic Event in the southern Tethys","authors":"Salma Soussi ,&nbsp;Fares Khemiri ,&nbsp;Amina Mabrouk El Asmi ,&nbsp;Moez Ben Fadhel ,&nbsp;Habib Troudi ,&nbsp;Khaled El Asmi ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Márquez Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.palwor.2025.200980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An integrated analysis of multiple geochemical proxies, including δ¹³C_org, total organic carbon (TOC), trace elements, and chemical gamma ray, coupled with a microfacies study and an age calibration using planktonic foraminiferal markers, was conducted at the Ain Asker section in northern Tunisia. This study provides significant insights into the depositional and paleoenvironmental dynamics of the mid-Cretaceous.</div><div>The carbon isotopic excursions observed at the Ain Asker section reflect a notable increase in the burial rate of marine organic carbon, specifically confined to the middle part of the <em>Microhedbergella rischi</em> biozone. TOC values recorded from the F2-ASK unit reach up to 2.3% combined with a δ¹³C_org values reaching -24.49‰, suggesting substantial accumulation of decayed marine organic matter. Although full anoxic conditions were not prevalent during deposition, evidence of oxygen-depleted bottom waters is clearly supported by the distribution patterns of redox-sensitive trace elements, such as vanadium and nickel. These findings underscore the role of partial oxygen restriction in facilitating organic matter preservation.</div><div>The enhanced burial of organic carbon is attributed to increased nutrient influx, likely driven by global sea-level transgressions and heightened surface productivity. These processes created favorable conditions for organic matter production and preservation. The integration of these sedimentological and geochemical findings with comparative records from Europe (France and Italy), China, and Mexico enables reliable correlation with the Paquier black shale level, a hallmark of OAE1b.</div><div>The Ain Asker section, through its detailed geochemical and isotopic signatures, emerges as a critical reference section for unraveling mid-Cretaceous anoxia dynamics within the southern Tethyan Realm. Its study enhances our understanding of the interplay between global paleoceanographic events and local depositional processes, shedding light on the mechanisms of organic carbon burial during a pivotal period in Earth’s history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48708,"journal":{"name":"Palaeoworld","volume":"34 6","pages":"Article 200980"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}